Compare the similarities and differences between ancient Greek humanism and China's ancient thoughts in the same period.

The thoughts of ancient Greek philosophers shine with the brilliance of humanism; After the Renaissance, humanism developed into one of the mainstream concepts in western society. However, humanism is not unique to the West. In ancient China, Confucianism also had a strong humanistic color, such as the people-oriented thought advocated by Mencius and others, but the emphasis of the two was different.

1. People pay different attention to its properties. Confucianism believes that everyone should assume their due responsibilities and roles in society and family, advocate the value of human relations, and emphasize everyone's position in social ethics. Protagoras, who occupies the school of Greek wise men, thinks that "man is the measure of all things" and emphasizes personal subjective feelings. Their opinions and speculations are often based entirely on personal perspectives and interests. Deny authority and dare to innovate.

2. The emphasis of dealing with the relationship between individuals and society is different. Confucianism emphasizes the hierarchical order of society and attaches great importance to ethical principles. "Three cardinal guides and five permanents" is a natural and eternal principle in the eyes of Confucianism, while the society of rites and music pursued by Confucius is actually trying to maintain the hierarchical order under the monarchy. This plays an important role in maintaining the autocratic political system, but it inhibits the development of human personality; . Ancient Greek philosophers emphasized the equality between people and the status, rights and responsibilities of people in society, which was beneficial to the development of personality. The radical school of ancient Greek wise men opposed the obvious class division and inequality in the polis, and demanded that everyone in the polis be equal in education, property and race. Stoicism believed that people were born rational and equal, and demonstrated the core theory of western humanism of natural human rights, freedom and equality for the first time in human history, which laid the ideological foundation for the emergence of modern western democratic politics.

3. Different attitudes towards natural science research. Confucianism emphasizes the unity of man and nature, and pays attention to the unity of man and nature. However, in the study of man and nature, Confucianism pays attention to social and humanistic issues and ignores the exploration of natural science. Ancient Greek thinkers explored nature and human beings in different ways, so their humanistic spirit was full of rationality and passion. Reason is the power to know the world, invent technology and explore the natural mysteries of the universe. Passion is the motive force to pursue romance, find happiness and appreciate beauty. Aristotle, an ancient Greek philosopher, paid attention to nature and human life. The scientific thinking method of seeking truth from facts in natural research embodies the humanistic spirit of human beings' constant pursuit of truth and understanding the unknown.