Classification of guzheng

1, Shaanxi zheng: Shaanxi area is the birthplace of Chinese zheng, but now the zheng music of "the sound of true Qin" is almost extinct, there are colorful operas and folk music here, during which the traditional instruments are not less, but only the zheng is not available or very little zheng is used; only in the Yulin area the zheng is used as an accompanying instrument, which appears in the accompanying of Yulin Xiaoquan, Pipa and Sanxian together with the qin, pipa and sanshin. Only in the Yulin area is the zheng used as an accompanying instrument, along with the yangqin, pipa, and sanxian, in the accompaniment of Yulin's small songs.

2. The zheng in Henan Province: From the words recorded in the Records of the Grand Historian and the Book of Han, the zheng had been quite commonly developed in the Qin and Han Dynasties. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Guangwu built the capital of Luoyang, and the Northern Song Dynasty built the capital of Bianliang (i.e., today's Kaifeng), are in the area of Henan Province, and in this area has long been popular with the folk music "Zheng Wei Voice", the Qin zheng with the capital of the influx of Henan, and the local folk music "Zheng Wei Voice" The Qin Zheng, along with the capital, flowed into Henan, and the local folk music "Zheng Wei Voice" fused and developed into the famous Zhongzhou ancient tune.

3, Shandong zheng: Many people call Shandong zheng as Qi zheng. Its circulation is mainly in the Heze area, including Yuncheng and Jancheng, and western Liaocheng area, especially in the Heze area of folk music is very popular, known as the "zhengqin township", out of a number of folk rap, opera and folk instrumental music performers.

4, Chaozhou zheng: circulating in the area of Guangdong Chaoshan, is a part of the Chaozhou music with "the right sound of Huaxia and the legacy of the Central Plains", and is formed by the ancient Han music brought in by the people of the Central Plains who migrated to the south, and the precipitation and development of hundreds of years. Teochew music has a special structure and unique techniques. The zheng can form its own style and differentiate itself from other musical instruments, the most important thing is the change of the left hand's pressing sliding tone, which is called to rhyme to make up the sound, and it is difficult to talk about the zheng music's genre and development without this.

5. Hakka Zheng: It was formed in the early 1920s, and evolved from the Teochew music with the addition of Gongshi sheet music. It was mainly popular in Tai Po County of the former Chaozhou Prefecture (i.e., present-day Tai Po County of Meizhou City), and gradually spread to Meixian County and other Hakka areas with the rise of Hakka studies.

6, Jiangxi zheng: in 1979, in Guixi County, Jiangxi Province, Xianyan East Zhou cliff tomb group found even pieces of zheng. One of the well-preserved pieces is 166 centimeters long, 17.5 centimeters wide, with a tail width of 15.5 centimeters and thirteen string holes at each end.

The other zheng has a broken tail, with a length of 174 centimeters, and the string holes in the first part of the zheng were used to place wooden pegs (string carriers), one for each string, and the strings were bolted onto the pegs, similar to the stringing method of the Teochew zheng. The shape, number of strings and stringing method of these two zhengs are similar to that of the later koto, and they are the earliest known objects in China.

7, Zhejiang zheng: that is, the Wulin zheng, also known as the Hang zheng, popular in the area of Zhejiang and Jiangsu. It is rumored that in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the zheng has been introduced to Jiankang (Nanjing), and in the Tang Dynasty, it is more often found in poems and texts.

8, Fujian zheng: popular in Minnan language system of Xiamen, Jinjiang, Zhangpu County, Yunxiao County, Dongshan County, Zhao'an County and other cities and counties in southern Fujian, customary Fujian zheng for "Minnan zheng". Since the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty to the Tongzhi period, the guzheng has been popular for a long time in all parts of Fujian.

9, the Korean koto: that is, the Gayageum, is said to be the Gayageum country Jiaxi king made after the Chinese zheng. The shape is almost the same as the zither, also a string and a column, now the use of the Gayageum has 12 strings, 13 strings, 25 strings and so on a variety of traditional loose Gayageum 12, 13 strings, five tone scale arrangement. 25 strings for the improvement of the Gayageum, the scale arrangement of the seven and the five two kinds of, the use of the right play the left press the technique and the Chinese zither is basically the same, the flesh finger playing. It can be played as a solo instrument, as a repertoire, as an ensemble, or as a song.

10, the Japanese koto: plucked stringed instrument. 8 century, the Chinese Tang Dynasty thirteen-stringed koto was introduced to Japan, has evolved into the music koto (music koto that is the Chinese Tang koto called the Japanese koto is obviously a fallacy), Tsuki-koto, the koto, and other Japanese traditional musical instruments.

The construction of the three is basically the same: 13 strings are spread on the surface of a rectangular sound box made of kirigi wood, and each string is supported by a post. The strings are called I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, DU, WU, and TOWEL from far to near. The body of the zither is straight. Since ancient times, the zheng has been compared to a "dragon" and the parts are named accordingly. The zheng, also known as the Yale zheng, was once popular among the court nobles and is still used in the orchestral ensemble of Yale music.