The first exploration of the earth house of the western Yu folk houses

China's folk dwellings, regional differences are great. Old Beijing's courtyard, Yunnan's footstools, Guangdong's wok-ear houses, Anhui's Horse-head walls, Fujian's Hakka's earth buildings, Xinjiang's traditional dwellings, "Aiwan", and Tianshan's nomadic herdsmen's "dens" in the desert, Inner Mongolia's "yurts", are the most important of China's big houses. "yurt" ...... China's big, these homes are all kinds of, all kinds of, each home is the crystallization of people's wisdom, and the local topography, climate and people's world view and economic development are closely related, due to cognitive limitations, not to repeat. Due to the cognitive limitations, I will not repeat them. In the many residential houses, the deep impression is still a child's house, they are like a pearl, left on the ground in Yuxi, fell in the heart of every Yuxi people.

Yuxi Four Houses - Earthen Houses

The temperate continental monsoon climate makes the Yuxi region have less precipitation in winter and spring, and more in summer and fall, with 500-600 millimeters of precipitation throughout the year. Such precipitation and seasonal differences in precipitation, so that the water and soil in the west of the perfect combination of the land, the formation of generations of prosperous residence - the west of the Yuzhi earth house tile house.

? West Henan mountainous area spanning a large, more soil types, mainly yellow-brown soil (Sanmenxia Lushi and Songxian Songnan area of Luoyang City, Luoyang City, Songxian County, there is the distribution), brown soil (low mountains in western Henan Luoyang City, counties and districts are distributed), brown soil (western Henan mountainous low hills Luoyang area and Sanmenxia area, the main soil), tidal soil (intermountainous valleys and lakeshore lowland areas Luoyang counties and individual counties and districts of Sanmenxia have a distribution) and so on, these soils Relatively good viscosity, water and soil and mud and then mixed with straw, placed in a mold made of wood, made of adobe, and then drying, to be dry, and then use the mud to play a good adobe crisscrossed up, such a wall is called the "blank wall", and then in the blank wall outside the mud mold and then brushed a layer of straw blended with the mud, the wall The wall will look clean and smooth before it is completed. The good condition of the family, will be in the earth wall outside a layer of brick kiln in front of the village fired on the blue brick, looks beautiful and strong, more importantly, such a wall and ordinary mud wall compared to the master of the family light of the solid.

? Tile house, warm in winter and cool in summer, heat preservation and moisture-proof, wearing semi-old cloth shoes stepped on the clean ground, there is a kind of indescribable solid and comfortable, in the sunny afternoon, stay in the old house to see the dust in a beam of light "dance", but also full of coziness.

The windows of the earth house, often open in the south-facing wall, crisscrossing the formation of the same size of the square, inside a layer of white paper, even if separated from the hidden space of a family. Large family windows on the window pane, but also carved with a variety of patterns, these patterns carved fine, painted with vermilion paint, high-end atmosphere, rich and noble since it does not matter.

? Yuxi earth house tile house is "courtyard" mode, I found in the reference to information, most of China's northern residential "courtyard" structure is mainly, this is the interpretation of the year when the Manchus were in the Northeast when the characteristics of residential, but also our people pay attention to the "circle of heaven and earth". The traditional cognitive concept of "the circle of heaven and earth", so any form of courtyard house type is straight and square shape construction, from this point of view, I think, this also reflects our "no rules, not round" attitude in the world. The upper room, facing south, was occupied by the parents and elders, while the left and right sides were the east and west rooms, which were occupied by siblings or children after they started their own families. Some of them are used as kitchens and piles of groceries, feeding livestock and poultry. This is a reflection of the "order of elders and children" of the family tradition.

? In the era of poverty, the roof of the ridge house was made of yellow back grass, and later, with the development of the times, it began to be roofed with burnt gray-brown blue tiles. It is worth mentioning that the way of putting the tiles is that the concave part of the curved tiles is upward and the convex part is downward, and the layers are pressed together, and at the junction of the two tiles, they are then sealed solid with mud. Under the eaves of the two ends, often to leave two round holes, with four complete tiles bashed into a beautiful patterned shape of the void to ventilate heat and moisture.

? Big families, the requirements of the earth house building is also extremely elaborate. They are often in the eaves of the forefront of a tile on the surface of the design of a beautiful pattern, which is called the tile when the tile surface engraved with cloud head pattern, geometric patterns, animal patterns, etc., have to sigh - each piece of tile is an exquisite work of art. Wadang style has a round and semi-circular, its role is, used to shield the eave head, blocking the upper tile does not slide, and cover the gap between the two rows, not only to facilitate the roof leakage, playing the role of protecting the eave head, but also increase the building's aesthetics, waterproofing, water drainage, and protection of the wooden frame part of the roof.

? Because the precipitation is not too large, earth house roof, moderate slope, generally not more than 45 °, the roof of the internal tripod support, more common tree trunk construction, also known as the "beam", I learned that the "beam" of raw materials, more elm, acacia, poplar and so on do I learned that the raw materials of "beams" are mostly elm, acacia, poplar and so on. The roof of the ridge of the beam, usually marked out the year of construction of the house time, skilled craftsmen will also be painted with ink on the birds, fish and animals and other styles, beautiful and meaningful.

? A three-bedroom earth house tile house, it takes about a month to be molded. An earthen house also witnesses the friendship of the whole village.

? Nowadays, the earth house has become a memory. If you can, I hope that today's village is still the same as the beginning, an earthen house tiled room arrangement, in front of the house behind the flowers and grass, fruits and vegetables, the village of wheat stacks, mill, windlass well, children's crying and women's laughter, dawn chicken, late at night there is a dog barking, back to the townspeople in front of the tiled room back against a stack of millet poles smile language happy - this This is about the complex of every Yuxi people's heart!

?

?