"Learning is wisdom, not learning is folly; Learning is the rule, and not learning is the chaos. Since ancient times, sages and sages have made great achievements, and there is no one who can't help l

"Learning is wisdom, not learning is folly; Learning is the rule, and not learning is the chaos. Since ancient times, sages and sages have made great achievements, and there is no one who can't help learning. " Meaning of.

It means: you will be wise if you study, but you will be dull if you don't study; Learning will be organized, and not learning will lead to chaos. No great man of virtue has ever achieved anything without studying.

Source: The Case of Confucianism in Ming Dynasty, which is an academic history book that systematically summarizes and records the development and evolution of traditional academic thoughts in Ming Dynasty and its schools. The book has 62 volumes. The case of Confucianism in the Ming Dynasty focuses on the development of Wang Shouren's theory of mind, and the first book, Shi Shuo, outlines the whole book.

There are 21 scholars in the next generation in the whole book. After the general outline of Shi Shuo, seventeen learning plans are listed respectively, roughly according to the time sequence and the inheritance relationship of academic schools.

each study plan has a relatively fixed structure, with case sequence, biography and quotations; Among them, the preface of the case is an overview of the basic situation of the school, such as the school's main academic views, main representatives, relations with other schools, etc. Biography is a biography of scholars, and quotations are a collection of the school's famous sayings and wisdom with comments.

Extended information:

Creation background:

The author made it when he was a doctor of imperial academy Four Schools in Beijing from 17 to 18 years of Zhenyuan (81-82). In the seventeenth year of Zhenyuan (81), the author who dismissed Xuzhou's official position and lived in Luoyang to preach and teach, was awarded the position of Dr. imperial academy in October of that year after two trips to Beijing. At this time, the author is determined to use imperial academy as a platform to revitalize Confucianism and reform the literary world, so as to realize his ambition of serving the country.

However, when I came to imperial academy to take office, I found that the imperial examination hall was dark, the government was corrupt, and the official system was full of drawbacks, which caused many students to lose confidence in the imperial examination and relax their studies. At that time, the upper class looked down on people who taught. In the scholar-bureaucrat class, there is a concept of being unwilling to seek a teacher and "ashamed to be a teacher", which directly affects the teaching and management in imperial academy.

The author is deeply saddened by this and writes this article by answering Li Pan's question to clarify people's vague understanding of "seeking a teacher" and "being a teacher".

Huang Zongxi wrote The Case of Confucianism in Ming Dynasty, which accurately grasped the track of the brewing, formation, prosperity and differentiation of the theory of mind in Ming Dynasty and revealed the main line of academic development in Ming Dynasty.

The Case of Confucianism in Ming Dynasty is the first complete academic history book in ancient China, which created a genre of learning case history books in historiography. The famous historical genre in China's ancient historiography is the chronological genre initiated by Chunqiu and Zuozhuan, the biographical style initiated by Shiji and Hanshu, the canonical genre initiated by Tongdian and the chronicle style initiated by Tongjian Chronicle.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ming Confucianism Case