What are the three powers?

Three electricity refers to the motor, power battery and electronic control system.

For new energy vehicles, Sandian refers to motors, power batteries and electronic control systems. From Wuling Hong Guang MINIEV to Rimac pure electric sports car, it is inseparable from the three electric systems. It can be said that Sandian is the core component of new energy vehicles.

The driving motor is the power source of new energy vehicles. According to the structure and principle, the motor can be divided into three forms: DC drive, permanent magnet synchronous and AC induction, and their characteristics are different.

DC-driven motor, its stator is a permanent magnet, and its rotor is electrified by DC. Junior high school physics knowledge tells us that the electrified conductor will be subjected to ampere force in the magnetic field, thus making the rotor rotate. The advantages of this kind of motor are low cost and low requirements for electronic control system, but the disadvantages are relatively large volume and weak dynamic performance. Generally, low-end pure electric scooters will use DC motors.

Permanent magnet synchronous motor is actually a DC motor, so its working principle is the same as that of DC motor, but the difference is that DC motor is fed by square wave current, while permanent magnet synchronous motor is fed by sine wave current. The advantages of permanent magnet synchronous motor are high power performance, good reliability and relatively small volume. The disadvantage is that the cost is relatively high and there are certain requirements for the electronic control system.

In principle, induction motor is more complicated than the two, but it can be roughly divided into three steps: first, the three-phase winding of the motor will generate a rotating magnetic field, then the rotor composed of closed coils will cut the magnetic induction line in the rotating magnetic field to generate an induced current, and finally, Lorentz force will be generated due to the movement of charges in the magnetic field, so that the rotor will rotate.

Because the magnetic field in the stator rotates first and then the rotor rotates, the induction motor is also called asynchronous motor. The advantages of induction motor are low manufacturing cost and good dynamic performance. I believe all the disadvantages are seen. Because alternating current is needed, the requirements for electrical control system are high.