How to run moral education through preschool education and teaching?

First, the significance of kindergarten moral education

Locke, a famous British educator, pointed out more than 300 years ago that "the higher the virtue, the easier it is to achieve all other achievements." Childhood is a critical period for children to develop good moral character. It is of great practical significance to carry out moral education in line with social norms as soon as possible, so that they can get used to this correct social behavior and form their healthy personality in the future. However, at present, many families, especially those with only children, mostly have the educational idea of "attaching importance to intellectual education and neglecting moral education". Parents' overindulgence and arranged substitution keep them at the core of the family, and the "self-centered" way of thinking makes them develop many bad habits. For example, I don't know how to care about others, I am self-centered, extravagant and wasteful, I don't like labor, and I have a weak sense of rules. Faced with this situation, we must take moral education as the focus of quality education. This is also to let children grow up, adapt to the needs of society, learn to be human, learn to survive, stand the tests and challenges of society, and truly become useful people to society.

Second, the content of kindergarten moral education

(A) Etiquette education

China is called "the state of etiquette". Treating people with courtesy is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation, and learning the correct way to communicate with others is an important guarantee for a person to be a man. Article 2 of the social field goal of the new syllabus points out that "I am willing to associate with people and be polite, generous and friendly to people." Children are required to learn to be polite and civilized, and learn to live in harmony with others. When participating in group activities, children are required to learn to be modest, say hello to teachers and children in the garden in the morning, take the initiative to say goodbye to teachers after school in the evening, take the initiative to say "thank you" when getting help from others, learn to say "please" when disturbing others, and learn to say "sorry" when accidentally meeting others. These are all part of etiquette education.

(2) Educational rules

As the saying goes, there is no Fiona Fang without rules. From society to class, if there are no rules, it can't function normally. Therefore, it is also a part of the requirement of kindergarten moral education to cultivate children's awareness of rules from an early age. There are thirty or forty children in a class. Without rules, it will be a mess. The so-called establishment of class routine is to establish the norms of children's daily behavior in the class and cultivate children's good sense of order. More than two people should line up, know how to come first, and learn to be modest. When there are many people and few resources, you can learn to take turns and share. When there are few people and great difficulties, you can learn to cooperate and help each other. When two people have conflicts, they should learn to negotiate instead of using force. Although these are the most basic moral principles, it is not so easy to achieve them. Only by doing this can we lay a good foundation for moral education.

(3) Love education

Article 5 of the social field goal of the new syllabus points out that "love parents, teachers, companions, hometown and motherland." That is to say, in addition to yourself, care about other people, things and things around you. According to children's cognitive characteristics and different levels of knowledge and experience, we should cultivate children's love for others, hometown and motherland from small to large, from concrete to abstract. Because a loving person is not a cold-blooded person.

(4) Labor education

Labor is the source of wisdom, and hard work is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation, so labor education is also an indispensable part of kindergarten moral education. In kindergarten education, it is necessary to provide children with enough labor opportunities, which can not only cultivate their labor skills, but also cultivate their good moral quality. Asking children to do their own things can cultivate children's good quality of independence; Let children love flowers and trees, water flowers and feed small fish, which can cultivate children's quality of caring for others. Giving children the opportunity to help teachers and peers do what they can can can cultivate their spirit of helping others. Cultivate children's love for labor from an early age, so that children can gain knowledge, skills and character improvement in labor.

Thirdly, the way of moral education permeating kindergarten education and teaching

"Kindergarten Guiding Outline" points out: "Kindergarten moral education should focus on emotional education and cultivate good behavior habits, and pay attention to subtle influence, which runs through children's lives and activities."

Language education

In language activities, beautiful children's songs and touching stories often contain right and wrong, good and evil, and human feelings. Through these literary works, children can experience the virtues of heroes, such as courage, kindness, diligence, trustworthiness, honesty and generosity, from which they can learn the truth, goodness and beauty and discard the false, evil and ugliness. Infect children with stories, improve children's moral cognition level and ability to distinguish things, set a good example for children, guide children to abandon evil and promote good, and subtly influence children.

(2) Science education

Moral education infiltration in science education can be divided into two aspects. The first is the education from the educational content itself. Science education contains many contents about natural environment, animals and plants, which is also one of the contents of love education. Therefore, from these contents, we can cultivate children's quality of caring for others and cherishing life. The second is education based on the teaching process. Science education is highly operable and is conducted by individuals and groups. Therefore, in the operation, children can be trained to be independent and help each other. At the same time, the defects in the provision of materials can also cultivate children's qualities such as taking turns and humility.

(3) Art education

In art education, both art education and music education are the embodiment of beauty. In artistic activities, it can give children a beautiful edification. The emotions contained in songs, especially the ideas expressed in works, unconsciously penetrate into children's thoughts. In art activities, teachers often attach importance to the teaching of skills. In fact, many works of art, especially famous paintings, also contain the author's painting motivation, which is often the embodiment of the author's virtue.

health education

Health education is the main way to cultivate children's healthy physique and the main means to cultivate children's sound personality. In health activities, children are often required to be brave, strong, not afraid of difficulties and stick to the end. At the same time, we can also cultivate children's cooperation, mutual assistance, caring for others and caring for others, as well as some sense of rules in sports activities.

(5) Daily life

Daily life can be said to be an important battlefield for kindergarten moral education. Every move, word and deed of a child in kindergarten reflects his moral cultivation level without exception. When they meet others, they say hello in the morning, go up and down the stairs and queue up to the right, get help from others to say thank you, and if necessary, others are willing to give it ... All these require teachers to help children move in their daily lives. Only by infiltrating bit by bit in their daily lives can children internalize the external moral education requirements into conscious behaviors.

Fourthly, the strategy of moral education infiltrating kindergarten education and teaching.

The so-called role model is not only to tell the truth to children, but also to provide them with a good example.

Be a teacher, be a teacher. The quality of teachers' morality directly affects children's moral level and the effectiveness of moral education. In the guiding points of the new syllabus in the social field, it is clearly pointed out that social learning has subtle characteristics, especially the learning of social attitudes and social emotions, which is often not the result of direct "teaching" by teachers. Children learn mainly by accumulating relevant experiences and experiences in real life and activities. Teachers should pay attention to influencing and infecting children through the environment. So moral education needs teachers to infect children with practical actions. In all aspects of daily life, providing good examples for children can achieve good moral education results.

Appropriate words and deeds are also a necessary condition to cooperate with the example. To make children understand civilization and truth, we should not only guide them with actions, but also tell them these truths. A two-pronged approach can achieve better results.

In a word, moral education is an important way of human civilization and social progress, which runs through the daily life and activities of kindergartens. It is necessary to promote children's social development through teachers' own role models.