Shen Congwen has a novel describing the local conditions and customs of western Hunan. What's his name? Who has it?

The Ferry Man's Long Love Flows —— A Brief Analysis of the Beauty of Human Nature in Border Town

Since the novella Border Town came out, it has aroused widespread concern: admirers think it is "a jewel that will never be sharpened" and "a masterpiece of pastoral poetry"; The detractors say that it "hollows out the class attribute of the characters" and "intentionally or unintentionally avoids sharp social contradictions"; Others believe that the literary world "will make a fair evaluation of Shen Congwen one day: regard Shen Congwen, Flaubert, Stern and Prost as writers with equal achievements".

Different people have different opinions. If we put aside social, political and economic factors and examine Shen Congwen's works from the natural charm of literature itself (that is, ethics), we can understand the reasons why people admire Shen Congwen. His works "draw a magnificent picture of China's social life in the second decade of this century with its unique ideological understanding and artistic expression". The "beautiful, healthy and natural life form" in his works urges the author to build a "temple" of goodness and beauty based on the unique boundary of western Hunan. As the eternal theme of literary creation, human nature has been fully reflected in Shen Congwen's works. Because in Shen Congwen's view: "A great work always expresses the truest desire of human nature." Therefore, expressing human nature is the center of his creation. Shen Congwen is fascinated by the primitive and simple human nature that has not been polluted by "modern civilization" and is not bound by it. In his creation, he often removes the harsh political and economic relations in real life, molds a series of naturalized people without social class brand in the ancient rhythm and artistic conception, eulogizes the comfortable life and pursues a "beautiful and healthy" life. Therefore, his works broke away from the social background at that time and found a new way on the literary avenue, with the theme of expressing natural humanity, which entrusted the author with his thoughts on society and life. Among his numerous works, the novella Border Town is the representative of this kind of content.

The novel Border Town takes the love between the granddaughter who supports his old man and Tianbao and Nuo, the sons of the boatman, as a clue, and expresses the author's inner pursuit and the pastoral sentiment corresponding to this pursuit. If this kind of mood is compared with the turbulent society composed of despicable scum at that time, it is simply a "paradise" out of the world. People living in this paradise are full of primitive "love". It is precisely because of this "love" that "when several fools and ordinary people are implicated in a place by an ordinary person, everyone deserves a share of sadness and joy, which has properly interpreted the word" love "for mankind". The novel Border Town expresses the beauty of human nature by describing the love between young men and women, between grandparents and grandchildren, and between neighbors.

Cui Cui, the hero, is a charming image and the soul of this book. She is the son of mankind and the daughter of nature. She is "naive and lively, like a small animal everywhere", "never considers cruelty, never worries, never gets angry". The breeze and sunshine in Xiangxi gave her a strong body; The green mountains and green waters in the tea cave gave her a pair of clear and transparent eyes like jasper; The bamboo rafts and white pagodas in Bixi Village gave her a simple heart. Water and boats filled her girlish years. Children and grandchildren live together by this ancient and clear stream, on the boat and under the White Pagoda. One is not greedy for money, the other is not envious of expensive, the third is not too poor, and the fourth is not lazy. They are willing to be poor and ready to help others, which embodies the traditional virtues of the working people in China-diligence, kindness and indifference. It is in this quiet and quaint hut that young Cui Cui inherited what she should have inherited from her grandfather and carried forward what she should have carried forward. With the growth of age, her personality has undergone subtle changes: less clever and more considerate; Less laughter, more shy. When I was young, I struggled to cross the bride's sedan chair by ferry, imitating the cries of lambs and calves, and picking a handful of wild flowers to tie on my head. Dressed as a bride, I stood on the mountain listening to the charming drums and thinking about the charming night. Later, I also had the same troubles as a teenage girl. In the face of sudden confusion and uncertain emotions, young and immature Cui Cui didn't know whether to be happy or sad. To this end, she often sits on the hill and stands on the ferry, quietly and slowly chewing the ups and downs of life and swallowing the bitter wine of life brewed by herself.

Later, Lu Yu of Cui Cui saw her off after winning the first prize in the rowing competition. Two young hearts collided, and hazy love sprouted in Cui Cui's heart. From then on, she felt that she had new emotional needs, but she was embarrassed to say it. When someone "casually mentions something", she will blush, but deep down she is looking forward to hearing something related to it. When this hope takes root in her heart for a long time, her girlish innocence will naturally appear. Two years later, on the eve of the Dragon Boat Festival, she saw Nuosong again and couldn't help but say to her grandfather, "That man is very good." Even when watching the boat, I overheard someone talking about sending a wedding. Cui Cui, who has always been calm, was in chaos, and even forgot to answer when talking to her. Later, Nuo sent her to sing Under the Moon. Cui Cui in the dream was attracted by the love songs sent by Nuo, and her soul floated. It's a pity that she doesn't know that this month's young singer is her love gift. Soon, Tianbao ran away from home and fell into the water for love. When Pino sent the tame bear back to the stream, he didn't get any hint from Cui Cui, so he left angrily. The old boatman also died suddenly. Cui Cui endured the pain of leaving his loved ones and his lover angrily, but decided to stay on the ferry and look forward to the return of his sweetheart.

Cui Cui and Nuosong, young people who love each other deeply, have neither lofty words of vows of eternal love, deviant and shocking actions, nor nepotism full of copper stink. Some are unnatural simplicity and innocence bred by primitive villages, some are simple humanity of "obeying ancient etiquette", and some are traditional virtues of the East. The author focuses on describing the nobleness of their behavior and the beauty of their souls. In the author's pen, Cui Cui is an innocent mountain girl. She is smart, beautiful, intelligent, simple and kind. Northon is a naive country boy. He is brave, handsome, generous, enthusiastic and hardworking. In this remote place, two young hearts are close, and they choose each other according to their own standards. Everything seems so natural, but in this nature, it shows the permanent charm of "humanity" in this uncivilized mountain village. It is through the love of this young man and woman that the author reflects the beauty of human nature.

The second aspect of human beauty in the works is reflected in the old boatman's love for his daughter and granddaughter.

The old boatman is another character that the author tries to portray in the novel. In the author's pen, he is an outstanding representative of the ancient working people in China. He is kind, hardworking, simple, upright, loyal to his duties and conscientious. "I don't know how many people have burned down the bridge in these 50 years." "Although he is old, he is not allowed to rest. It seems that he can't live without it in his life. " Although he lives in poverty, he is never greedy; Be charitable, but never seek fortune for oneself. "Always seek peace of mind." Serve others all your life, but don't expect anything in return. For the sake of his daughter and granddaughter, he loved them deeply and gave them all his body and mind. Seventeen years ago, when his only daughter fell in love with the green camp garrison behind her back and had a child, he "didn't add a heavy sentence, as if he had never heard of it, and still lived quietly." Later, the soldier died of a sudden illness, and his daughter was martyred. He did not hesitate to take up the responsibility of raising his granddaughter. As time goes by, in a blink of an eye, my granddaughter has become a beautiful girl like her mother. Since then, the old boatman has been worried about finding a suitable husband for Cui Cui. To this end, he spared no effort to deal with, Tianbao, Northsong, Yang and the general manager of the ship. Inadvertently set up some obstacles for the granddaughter's marriage, which led to a series of misunderstandings and finally led to the love tragedy of promise and promise. He passed away quietly with all kinds of helplessness and infinite guilt. The old boatman's good character of kindness, honesty, kindness and seeking peace of mind in everything seems to be the embodiment of our Chinese nation; His selfless love for his daughter and granddaughter seems to be the blood bond that our Chinese descendants can reproduce from generation to generation. From him, we see the primitive and ancient beauty of human nature of the Chinese nation.

It is through the description of the old boatman that the novel shows the beauty of parent-child love.

The beauty of humanity in Border Town is also reflected in the mutual love between neighbors. Incidentally, Captain Shun is the general representative of this kind. He is "generous and free and easy", "willing to make friends, generous and able to help others." For "boatmen who are bankrupt because of shipwrecks, veterans passing by, and scholars studying abroad", "whoever seeks fame here will try his best to help". In him, there is no selfishness and narrowness of urbanites, no greed and sophistication of businessmen to collect money, and no sinister villains; More than a pair of Erli people's broad and generous hearts, more than a generous and kind heart, and more than the moral character of an aboveboard villager on the right path. It is this virtue that has influenced the neighbors, thus retaining a folk custom that big cities never thought of in this remote and small place where mountains and rivers are not obvious. Moreover, this simple sentiment of "valuing righteousness over profit and keeping promises" has nurtured generations of people in this ancient land, who are telling one legendary pastoral story after another. Facing Cui Cui who lost his son, lost his job and was helpless in the storm, he tried his best to let bygones be bygones and get busy. Liancheng Yang also came to help, once again shouldering the heavy responsibility of the old boatman, looking after the orphan girl who lost everything-Cui Cui. This is the local conditions and customs of Xiangxi, and this is the kindness of the tea cave people. This kind of deep human feelings and virtues can make those city people who think they know a lot about books, be polite, indifferent and quiet ashamed. There is no difference in status here, only mutual respect between people; There is no intrigue, no extortion, only heart-to-heart exchange and blood convection.

Through the love tragedy of He Nuo, Shen Congwen played down the darkness and pain of reality and eulogized an ancient humanity and lifestyle symbolizing "love" and "beauty".

It is through the old boatman's love and affection for his children that the author appeals to the long-lost "good humanity", pursues the "innocent and carefree" ancient society and preserves the virtue of "obeying the ancient etiquette".

The novel Border Town shows that people in this pure land are a group of "kind people" who have never been polluted by modern civilization through "love in the neighborhood". This shows that the author rejects "modernity" and hates "civilization" in order to pin the hope of rebuilding national morality.

Guess is not enough. From the above three statements, we can see that the beauty of "humanity" enshrined in the author's "Little Greek Temple" is exquisite, firm and well-proportioned, though small but not exquisite.

Ame= Municipal Ruixiang High School &; fnum= 1985。 laddle=9 1 1 1

A ● Related book news:

Border Town is a short story, which seems to describe a treasure that has been forgotten by the world. In that treasure land, a very ordinary life is being staged, and the affection, love and mutual care between the villagers are so ordinary that they are almost forgotten. This is life. It is rare that the author has never set foot in the school gate and became a first-class writer by self-study, especially the delicate and touching story is absolutely beyond imagination. In addition, the author wants to express his concern that he has been forgotten and abandoned by everyone under social changes. He hopes to guide some people into social reflection. The author does not deny that this book is only for small people, not for literary critics or theorists. He just wrote his worries in a book and spread them to them.

Two. Content excerpt:

The evening is still gentle, beautiful and calm. But if a person is aware of this situation, it will seem a little thin and desolate in this dusk. So, this day became a painful thing. Cui Cui felt as if something was missing. It seems that the day is about to pass, and I want to climb up in a new personnel, but I can't. It seems that life is too ordinary to bear. < p. 103- 104 >

Three low my point of view:

Shen Congwen, his works always have an isolated tone, like a long poem. What attracts people is not the gorgeous appearance, but the simple soul. After reading many modern urban novels, I always feel that something is missing and forgotten, just in front of me. In an accidental reading, I was shocked by Shen's works. I forgot to care about the society, the country where I grew up and the environment around me. I always thought it was a matter for adults, and the games politicians were playing had nothing to do with me. However, I forgot that life is very bitter, so looking for moving has become an important driving force to maintain the meaning of life. Only when you are moved can you be beautiful and colorful. However, the premise of moving is to pay attention and always pay, even if there is not necessarily a return.

In the book Border Town, I saw rustic simplicity, diligence, integrity and their tolerance, which made me suddenly sad. In the past, the history of people in Taiwan Province Province was often described in this way. Everything seems to have been seen with my own eyes, heard with my own ears, and even the smell is so familiar, which strongly shocked my heart. I really miss everything since I was a child. I think in the past, Taiwan Province Province was also full of the most beautiful human feelings and the strongest nostalgia, so it was once a treasure island called Formosa, which made me wonder: If I had to choose between being rich in civilization but unfamiliar with each other and being backward in civilization but caring for each other, which one would I choose? Which one will society choose? Is there no way to kill two birds with one stone? However, this seems to be a helpless trend in the world.

The love described in this book has a feeling of being at arm's length, and vividly describes the meaning of the country people. The author's description of his granddaughter "Cui Cui" is like a long poem sung by grandpa in a low voice, which is sad and desolate. From that night on, that beautiful dream was fermented in the depths of Cui Cui's soul, and that wonderful song has been attached to Cui Cui's heart, just like a simple country girl, compared with the chaotic relationship between men and women in modern society. But in the end, Cui Cui's beloved was blinded by anger and couldn't see the truth clearly, which led to a misunderstanding. Although this misunderstanding has increased the beauty of the story, it is even more cruel. These things always happen between people. It retains a sense of beauty in the story, but it is a pity, a defect and an imperfect ending after all. In addition, "the love between grandparents and grandchildren" is also one of the exciting plots, and the deep affection between grandfather and Cui Cui is enviable. On the other hand, the number of families who can exude such deep affection in today's society is declining. Even daughters take their mothers to court, children kill and beat their parents, and people in their thirties and forties can't hack their parents to death by reaching out for money. Imagine what happened to this society. What's wrong with it? Is the oil and gas of civilization in conflict with family ties again, or is society changing, people's ideas changing, and finally even people's hearts are gone? Is this social progress or retrogression? However, the grandfather in the book is looking around for the best choice for Cui Cui because of his deep love. Unfortunately, it is self-defeating, and Cui Cui's life has changed from a shiny crystal to an ordinary stone because of a temporary mistake. At first glance, his behavior is quite annoying, but who has thought about this shiny crystal bit by bit? Even if this crystal turns into a stone, it is no longer shining, but the stone still has its own unique light. Even after losing all Cui Cui, she still has the desire to live. Even though she may be lonely all the time, she may be happy the next second. Although this may be a conclusion in love, it is definitely a prelude to Cui Cui's life, because she embarked on a different road from her mother. It is impossible to live in abundance all the time on the road of life. Even in adversity, we should live with characteristics, at least seriously, but we always feel that the ability of today's society to withstand pressure is too small. Looking at the poor days in Taiwan Province Province in the past, few people who complained about suffering would not end their lives easily. On the contrary, now, society is much richer, but it seems to have lost more.

Another feature of this book is its scenery description. The tea cave in Xiangxi, Sichuan, written by Mr. Shen Congwen, has a charm different from that of modern urban civilization. What attracts me is its vastness and deep breath. Like singing to the valley, my heart resonated. I swayed naively in the air with the breeze floating out of the cloud crane and slowly spreading to the sky. This is the all-inclusive comfort, perhaps because Taiwan Province Province is too small, so I have to feel it.

The most rare thing about this book is that it always subtly inspires me to think about some social problems. Although its emotional description is very weak, it unexpectedly produced a strong sound in my body. It is an emotion caused by missing the ordinary, which deeply touches its extraordinary, just like standing in the endless desert waiting for the sunset that will sink into the sand, quietly, quietly, feeling its eternity.

Four topics for discussion:

All aspects of modern society are constantly improving and innovating, but the way and attitude of human beings to deal with many things seems to have been deteriorating. What's the matter? Although everyone is aware of the existence of this problem, few people really face it. It has always existed and the speed of deterioration is accelerating, but the speed of human processing it is very slow, and it is beneficial and serious.

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A New Comment on Border Town —— Criticism on the Theory of "Pastoral Emotion"

Border Town is a lyrical novella with beautiful poetry in Shen Congwen's novels. It is a successful attempt of Turgenev's creative method of "integrating travel prose with novel stories", and is often regarded as the most idyllic work to express the author's ideal world.

To comprehensively and correctly evaluate a literary work and accurately grasp a writer's creative style, it is not enough to just discuss the specific environment and plot of the work. It is not easy to correctly analyze Shen Congwen's literary works reflecting the unique features of Xiangxi and accurately grasp his "sadness hidden behind his works". He doesn't attach knowledge, truth and ethics to his works, but always hides truth and emotional tendency in the description of phenomena. He conveys his unique feelings as a "countryman" with that clumsy and unique sentence pattern, that slow and leisurely narrative rhythm and that true and implicit lyrical gesture, and makes images show all the richness, complexity and subtlety of life. Only by deeply exploring his life course, literary view and cultural value orientation can we fully understand why he set up the banner of "humanity", accept the loneliness that is not understood by "most people" and make up his mind to finish his literary course.

The place where Shen Congwen lived as a teenager was a "town" in a very remote corner of northern Guizhou, eastern Sichuan and western Hunan. 1. There is a river in Yuanshui that has been clarified for Qu Yuan for many years. People living in that land full of primitive mystery are "honest and honest, but some aspects of life are extremely great, some aspects are extremely ordinary, some aspects are extremely beautiful, and some aspects are extremely trivial." Second, "everyone is honest and trustworthy, law-abiding, and loves officials." This is the place where his soul has been longing for life.

However, when 20-year-old Shen Congwen miraculously appeared on the streets of Beijing, full of longing for a new life, the first thing he got was the city people fooling the "country people". "From Xiangxi to Beijing, Shen Congwen crossed not only the geographical distance of thousands of miles, but also the historical space of one or even several eras." The unfulfilled desire to study, the hardships and hardships in daily life, and the ridicule of hunger and cold have sharpened his will and enabled him to understand society and life more comprehensively. He saw the hypocrisy and meanness, ignorance and greed, moral decay and human depravity of the upper class gentlemen in the city. He often sighs: "I have the healthy blood of your nation in my veins, and half of my 27-year-old life has been swallowed up by urban life." "All noble qualities, such as enthusiasm, courage and honesty, have completely disappeared." He said, "I really want to go to the bank of the Yellow River, sit in the loess cellar with a short-sleeved man, face the turbid soup, sleep in the gunfire and iron rain for a year and a half, and then I can smash my life into pieces, simply endure it and walk out of this trivial, lazy, perfunctory and hypocritical society." Sixth, his disgust and hatred are beyond words.

The city's contempt for him forced him to turn back, and homesickness surged in his heart. The clear river, the green mountains, the innocence and self-destruction of Xian Yi, old and young, awakened his dream, the kindness and happiness he had experienced. "I like people like friends to go to the stream with a basket of rice and sing when they see women with big breasts and fat hips crossing the bridge. I envy' lovers' doing stupid things up the hill in fine weather. I am extremely happy to draw a face of a typical rural figure. ..... I explained the love and hate of my life above ... "7. This feeling reflects a trend of human beings to some extent. Russell said: "Like all rapidly civilized societies, the Greeks, at least some of them, had a worship of primitive things and longed for a more instinctive and intense lifestyle than the lifestyle dominated by morality at that time." Therefore, he spared no expense in pen and ink and devoted himself to singing, showing the Xiangxi world, which is full of religious mystery, fierce and primitive, and integrated with clear water and beautiful forests. In order to compare the corruption and decline of urban civilization. Writers strive to achieve this goal, allowing readers to cross the main body of the image, "through the deep ditch separating urban and rural areas, to find a burning feeling, eternal love for human wisdom and beauty, praise for health and honesty, and extreme hatred for stupidity and selfishness." nine

Shen Congwen, a writer with Miao blood in his body, was cultivated in a miserable world. The reverence for Qu Yuan, who is persistent in his pursuit, and the recognition of Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, who combine rigidity with softness and retreat in spite of difficulties, have cast his stubborn character of loving vanity and quiet beauty, exploring the details of human life and trying to find back the lost natural essence of life in today's world. He has extensive contact with foreign excellent literary works and cultural traditions, but he has been assimilated by his own standard culture and is neither humble nor supercilious. ...