Transformation background of resource-dependent economy

Economic transformation is the inevitable requirement of sustainable development in resource-dependent areas. Sustainable development requires the dynamic coordination of economic structure. Resource-dependent areas are dominated by a single natural resource industry, and natural resources themselves are non-renewable. With the reduction and exhaustion of resources, resource-dependent areas will face the difficult situation of lacking both alternative industries and capital accumulation, not to mention the deterioration of the environment. Sustainable development requires people-oriented. Long-term dependence on the development of natural resources and the production of primary products will inevitably lead to the passivation of local leaders and the public's innovative consciousness and the lag of economic development concept, thus being at an absolute disadvantage in the domestic and international competition with human resources competition as the first factor. Economic transformation is an effective way to narrow the development gap between resource-dependent regions and other regions. Throughout the country, resource-dependent areas are mostly underdeveloped areas with relatively backward economic development. The reason is limited by historical legacy, geographical location and natural conditions, but it is undeniable that the "comparative disadvantage" of resource-dependent regions in interregional trade makes the due interests of resource-dependent regions lose a lot in economic exchanges, and the development gap between regions presents an increasing trend. Resource-dependent areas mainly export primary products to economically developed areas, with low added value, unstable market and low return profit; In developed areas, raw materials purchased at low prices are used for deep processing, and then products with higher added value are sold back to resource-dependent areas to obtain more returns and profits. The difference lies in the loss of resource-dependent areas in interregional trade.

In addition, due to the long-term neglect of talents and technical resources and the investment in "soft environment" construction, a large number of outstanding talents and construction funds are lost in resource-dependent areas, further aggravating the imbalance of regional economic development. Realizing economic transformation has become the only choice for resource-dependent regions to obtain fair benefits in interregional and even international competition, and then narrow the development gap with other regions.

International experience shows that the per capita GDP of 4,000 US dollars is an important turning point in the development model of an economy. This has at least two important meanings: first, from the perspective of development level, it means that an economy has begun to enter the upper-middle income level from the low-middle income level; Second, from the perspective of development momentum, the traditional low-level comparative advantage and scale expansion with mineral resources as the core have begun to decline, and the further development of the economy needs to find new dynamic support. At present, the per capita GDP of Liaoning Province has approached 4000 US dollars, and it is an inevitable choice to realize the transformation of economic development mode from resource-dependent to innovation-driven.