What is the passenger load factor of the passenger plane, so that the airline will not lose money?

This problem is somewhat commercialized, involving the cost and profit of civil aviation transportation business. Garuda will answer from the following two aspects:

1, the cost of the airline;

Air transport industry is a capital-oriented and asset-oriented industry, and the entry threshold is very high. Not only do you need a lot of capital investment in the early stage, but you also need plenty of cash flow during the operation period, otherwise there will be operational problems in case of trouble. The reason behind this is mainly because the operating costs of airlines are too high, and there are mainly the following major expenditure items:

The first one is an airplane;

The common 737-800 is $65.438+billion, the 737MAX is more expensive, and the Airbus A320neo is about $80 million. The passenger plane is generally retired after being used in China 16- 18. If you don't buy it, you can rent a plane, usually within five years. The average annual rent is between 4.2% and 4.5% of the aircraft purchase price. In other words, renting an A320neo costs less than 3.5 million dollars a year, which is equivalent to more than 24 million RMB, with an average of nearly 70,000 RMB per day.

In addition, there is daily fuel for aircraft. Aviation kerosene is generally 5,000-6,000 yuan/ton, and A320 should be added at least twice a day, with 30,000 liters each time, which is almost more than 200,000 yuan a day. The extra fuel cost is expensive. There is also routine maintenance every month and quarter, as long as it is not broken, it is acceptable.

Second-personnel costs;

Personnel: Basically, each plane has about 50 employees, involving pilots, flight attendants, maintenance, dispatch, administration, sales, logistics and so on. , and staff salaries and expenses are also a considerable expenditure.

Third, additional operating expenses;

The extra expenses that airlines need to pay are mainly concentrated in the airport and the Civil Aviation Administration. The former is mainly the use cost of airport facilities such as apron, covered bridge and hangar, while the latter is mainly the expenditure of routes and development funds. Although the income is not much at a time, it is not a decimal in the whole year.

2. The attendance balance point;

The breakeven point of airline attendance is actually a dynamic quantity, which is restricted by various factors, such as their respective management level, operating routes, aircraft types and marketing capabilities. On average, it is roughly between 70% and 75%. Among them, international routes have relatively less competition and higher fares, and the break-even point is generally around 70%. Some companies do better and can be reduced to 65%. However, due to the fierce competition in domestic routes, there may be several airlines flying on the same route at the same time, so their profit and loss points are often close to 75%.

According to the scaa bulletin of 20 18, the average attendance rate of domestic civil aviation companies is 83.2%, of which the average attendance rate of domestic airlines is slightly higher, at 84.8%, and that of international airlines is only 78.9%.

Therefore, judging from the attendance index, although civil aviation companies have invested a lot of assets, their profitability is generally in a state of meager profit, especially in the three major southeast airlines with large fleet. On the contrary, private airlines such as Chunqiu and Jixiang are more profitable.

This is the end of the question-

Friends who are interested in aviation may wish to pay attention to Eagle Airlines.

Generally speaking, 70% of airlines and 80% of low airlines can cover the cost.

For your reference, the take-off and landing fee, route fee and airport security service fee are between 50- 100 per capita, the fuel consumption of the plane is about (737,320) 5,000 liters in two hours, the jet fuel price is 4,000/ton (only recently 1650), and the crew salary is 2 security officers +4 flight attendants +2.

Crazy for 67 years.

At present, international air tickets are more than ten times than usual, and the attendance rate is 75% (the highest seat limit stipulated by the state). It is still difficult to get tickets. Do you think it will make money?

Income. This is difficult to analyze. Many factors, such as air ticket price, passenger load factor, airport utilization rate, annual flight situation, government subsidies and so on, are directly affecting the income. Airlines have actuarial revenue departments, which generally belong to the secondary departments of the marketing department; If it is a chartered flight company, the calculation method is different; Therefore, making money or not, not an article or a paragraph can make it clear.