What are the main construction methods of arch bridge?

According to arch ring construction, arch frame (support mode) can be divided into bracket method, less bracket method and no bracket method; Scaffoldless construction includes cable hoisting, swivel installation, rigid skeleton, cantilever casting and cantilever installation, and the combination of one or more of the above construction methods.

The choice of construction method should be based on the span, structural form, site construction conditions, construction level and other factors of the arch bridge, and the reasonable construction method should be determined through the technical and economic comparison of the schemes.

The history of arch bridge construction in China is hundreds of years later than that in ancient Rome, which is famous for its arch bridge construction, but the arch bridge in China is unique. The beauty of form is rare in the world. There are steep arches with humps, flat arches like bright moons, flat perforated arch bridges with jade belts fluttering, and long arch bridges with natural longitudinal slopes.

There are open arches (for example, adding a small arch to a large arch, now called an open-web arch) and closed arches (now called a solid-web arch). Arches are semi-circular, polygonal, arc-shaped, oval, parabolic, egg-shaped, horseshoe-shaped, pointed arch, and so on.

Characteristics of arch bridge:

The history of arch bridge construction in China is hundreds of years later than that in ancient Rome, which is famous for its arch bridge construction, but the arch bridge in China is unique. The beauty of form is rare in the world. There are steep arches with humps, flat arches like bright moons, flat perforated arch bridges with jade belts fluttering, and long arch bridges with natural longitudinal slopes.

There are open arches (for example, adding a small arch to a large arch, now called an open-web arch) and closed arches (now called a solid-web arch). Arches are semi-circular, polygonal, arc-shaped, oval, parabolic, egg-shaped, horseshoe-shaped, pointed arch, and so on.

There are single holes and multiple holes in the number of holes, and odd holes are more than even holes. Multi-hole arch bridge is called continuous arch bridge. When the main arch of the hole is loaded, the load is transferred from near to far through the deformation of pier or the action of arch structure.

Three-hole, five-hole, seven-hole and nine-hole stone arch bridges in Jiangsu and Zhejiang water towns generally have the largest middle hole, and the diameters of both sides decrease in proportion. The pier is narrow, thin and light, and the pattern is unified, which is admirable. Because the bridge holes are properly matched and the whole bridge is symmetrical and harmonious, the natural slope is not only convenient for pedestrians to get on and off, but also beneficial to the shipping of various ships.

Some bridges have dozens of holes, even more than 100 holes. For example, Xuzhou Guo Jing Bridge discovered in 1979 has 104 holes. Probably a bridge in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Multi-span arch bridge has continuous arch and fixed-end arch. Fixed-end arches adopt thick piers, which are found in North China, Southwest China, Central China and East China, while continuous arches are only found in Jiangnan water towns. According to the materials of archway construction, there are stone archway, wooden archway, brick archway, bamboo archway and masonry archway.

Refer to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Arch Bridge