How to plant wheat what are some good planting methods

Wheat is divided into winter wheat and spring wheat according to the sowing period. It is cultivated all over the world. The grain is mainly made of flour, the skin can be used as feed, straw can be used for weaving and so on. Next, I will introduce you to wheat planting methods, I hope you will be useful!

First, understand the varieties of winter and spring wheat seeds sprouting in the soil, must be after a certain period of time of low temperature conditions, in order to get up to the development of the formation of fruiting organs, this period of time is called the vernalization stage of wheat. Winter varieties through the vernalization stage requires a lower temperature, generally at 0 ℃ ~ 3 ℃, lasted 40 ~ 45 days. Semi-wintering varieties through the vernalization stage requires a temperature of 3 ℃ to 6 ℃, experienced time of 10 days to 15 days. Semi-wintering varieties can also pass through vernalization at 8 ℃ or more, but the plant is slower to spike. Vernal varieties pass the vernalization stage at higher temperatures, generally at 7°C to 15°C, and can pass vernalization in 5 to 8 days. Therefore, in the absence of suitable planting of spring varieties, the selection of semi-winter varieties is appropriate. Second, to solve the problem of vernalization in order to make wheat as soon as possible through the vernalization, timely maturity, the following methods can be used:

1. early sowing. Before and after the Spring Festival, encountered higher temperatures during the period, when the local surface thawed about 6 cm deep, you can seize the opportunity to sow. In the case of subsequent alternation of warm and cold, wheat seed sprouting through the vernalization, generally able to mature in a timely manner.

2. Before sowing, the sprouted seeds will be treated at a low temperature of 0 to 5 ℃ for 10 to 25 days, and then sown. Cold treatment, pay attention to seed ventilation and air permeability, should not be wrapped too tightly with plastic sheeting and other non-breathable things, because the seed sprouting after the respiratory intensity increases.

Third, recognize the reproductive characteristics of spring wheat

1. Short reproductive period, spring wheat from sowing to harvest about 90 days.

2. Nutritional growth period is short, spring wheat spring sowing temperature from low to high, sunshine from short to long, through the vernalization stage will soon enter the light stage, from the emergence of seedlings to the single pronged period of about 20 days.

3. The tillering period is short, from seedling to pulling the knuckle experienced a very short time, tiller less, tiller into a spike rate is very low.

4. The root system is shallow and weak, and is prone to early failure due to de-fertilization and lack of water in the later stage.

5. Spike differentiation early, generally 4 leaves into the two-pronged stage, 5 leaves floret differentiation.

Four, spring wheat cultivation technology

1. strip fertilizer, fertilizer support seeds. Before sowing, the fertilizer strip in the ground at a depth of 9 cm, and then the seed sown to a depth of 3 to 4 cm, wheat seedlings in the three-leaf period when the wheat grain nutrient depletion, just the right fertilizer supply on.

2. Apply adequate bottom fertilizer. If the winter before making preparations, per mu of organic fertilizer 2000 kg, 15 kg of ammonium phosphate, 15 kg of urea, evenly sprinkled into the ground, immediately plowing and turning, to do? Tire rich? , plowing depth to 20 to 25 centimeters. Unprepared before winter, per mu of standard nitrogen fertilizer 30 to 50 kg (appropriate increase or decrease depending on the terrain), standard phosphate fertilizer 30 to 50 kg, potash and micronutrient fertilizer appropriate amount.

3. Early sowing at the right time, reduce row spacing. The earlier the spring wheat sowing, the better, wheat in the vernalization stage of frost resistance is better, generally does not appear frost damage. Spring wheat tiller less, individual smaller, take dense planting more can get high yield. General spacing of about 17 cm is appropriate, or the size of the rows, large rows of 20 cm, small rows of 13 to 15 cm. The amount of seed sown is based on the seed thousand grain weight, germination rate and the number of spikes per mu, generally mu spikes about 350,000 spikes is appropriate, so that the amount of seed sown about 20 kilograms is appropriate, poor soil or moisture can be increased appropriately sown.

4. early management. Spring wheat 3 leaf endosperm nutrient exhaustion, and the value of spike differentiation and tillering period, need a lot of nutrients. Spring rain less, wheat seedlings can not cover the ground, the ground bare big, run moisture fast. Therefore, spring wheat management should be early fertilizer, early irrigation, to promote early tillering. Two leaves and a heart irrigation head water, poor soil strength combined with watering of ammonium carbonate 35 to 40 kg, or urea 15 kg, good soil strength fertilization delayed to the uprooting and pulling period. In principle, after the first water, the second water should be followed closely, with an interval of 10 to 15 days. After the second water, the third water should be slow, usually in the second internode stereotypes, invalid tiller death before irrigation of three water.

5. pouring good grouting water. The irrigation period to pay attention to rainy days, windy days do not water, to prevent the collapse of wheat. Wheat blossom after the interval of about 15 days watering.

6. Pay attention to pest control. As the spring wheat stem and leaves are more tender than winter branches, more vulnerable to pests and diseases. Therefore, spring wheat is more important than winter wheat to strengthen pest control.

To the sowing period is divided into winter wheat and spring wheat two kinds. Our country is dominated by winter wheat.

Winter wheat is extremely cold-resistant during the growth process, and its seedlings are able to survive the winter, and when the spring comes, the seedlings are divided into sins very quickly, and the squatting grows up, and the flour ground out of winter wheat is very tasty.

Spring wheat drought resistance is very strong, short spike, short growing period, suitable for spring sowing, but not as good as winter wheat flour.

Spring wheat is a very cold winter place to grow, because the winter is too cold to sow, so in the spring after the seed, called spring wheat; winter wheat is a little warmer place to grow, winter sowing summer harvest, such as China's Northeast is the spring wheat, North China and its south is winter wheat.

Winter wheat should be sown in the fall and harvested in late spring. In our country generally to the Great Wall as the boundary, to the north is largely spring wheat, south is winter wheat.

1. Northern winter wheat area, mainly distributed in the Qinling Mountains, north of the Huaihe River, south of the Great Wall, where the winter wheat production accounted for about 56% of the total national wheat production. Which is mainly distributed in Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Shanxi provinces and districts;

2. Southern winter wheat area, mainly distributed in the Qinling Huaihe River south. Here is China's main rice producing areas, planting winter wheat is favorable to improve the replanting index, increase grain production. It is characterized by high commodity rate. The main producing areas are concentrated in Jiangsu, Sichuan, Anhui, Hubei provinces.

3. Spring wheat area, mainly distributed north of the Great Wall. The region generally lower temperatures, the production season is short, so the main annual maturity, the main producing provinces and regions are Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, Gansu and Inner Mongolia.

Winter wheat sown around the Fourth of July, late June and early July harvest

Soybean in the collection of wheat, late June and early July sowing, harvested around the Fourth of July

Maize corn and autumn corn, spring corn sown in late April, early May, late August can be harvested; autumn corn can not be delayed until the middle of July sowing, harvested in mid to late October.