What are the characteristics of automotive circuits What are the characteristics of automotive circuits

Automotive circuits on the one hand have the **** of general circuits, also consists of power supply, electrical appliances, switches, fuses, wires and so on. On the other hand, it has its own specificity, with five characteristics. Let's take a look at the characteristics of automotive circuits, what are the characteristics of automotive circuits.

1. Two power sources

The so-called two power sources refer to two power sources: battery and generator. The battery is an auxiliary power source, supplying power to related electrical equipment when the car is not running; the generator is the main power source. When the generator is running at a certain speed, the generator speed reaches the specified power generation speed, and starts to supply power to the relevant electrical equipment, and at the same time charges the battery. The automotive generator is connected in parallel with the battery and thus constitutes the power source for the complete automotive circuit. The battery is a reversible DC power source. It converts chemical energy into electrical energy and electrical energy into chemical energy. Having a separate power supply circuit is one of the special features of automobile circuits. The connection between the two is that the generator is started by the starter motor, which is powered by the battery. When the battery is depleted, it must be recharged with DC, so the automobile electrical system is a DC system.

2. Low-voltage DC power supply

Automotive electrical equipment using low-voltage DC power supply, that is, 12V and 24V. 12V is commonly used in gasoline cars, diesel cars commonly used 24V.

3. Single-wire system

All the electrical equipment in the car is connected in parallel, the power supply and the electrical equipment is only connected to the power supply with only one wire, the metal body of the car as a public **** circuit. This connection is called single-wire system. The single-wire system is widely used in modern automobiles because it saves wires, has clear lines, is easy to install and maintain, and does not need to be insulated from the body.

Note: However, a two-wire system is used in circuits that do not form reliable electrical circuits or require precise electronic signals.

4. Negative electrode grounding (grounding)

The so-called grounding refers to the fact that when a single-wire system is used, one of the electrodes of the battery is connected to the frame of the car (a metal body such as the engine or the chassis) through a wire. If the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the metal body, known as "negative grounding" (grounding); Conversely, if the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the metal body, known as "positive grounding". At present, the production of automobiles in various countries are basically using the "negative grounding" method.

5. Parallel connection of electrical equipment

The so-called parallel connection of electrical equipment, refers to a variety of electrical equipment on the car is connected in parallel to the power supply, each electrical device is connected in series in the branch of their own special switch control, do not interfere with each other.