Fengdu, Ghost Domain, someone can talk about it! The origin of Fengdu?

Fengdu County is located in the southeast edge of Sichuan Basin and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, with an area of 29 10 square kilometers. Fengdu is an ancient city, and there is a ghost town Fengdu, which is surrounded by mountains and waters. In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was called "Bazi Biedu". In the second year of Yongyuan in the Eastern Han Dynasty, a county was established independently from Zhi Zhi County, with a history of 1900 years. Travel from Chongqing to the first scenic spot of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. Legend has it that this is the place where the soul returns after death. The "ghost town" is unparalleled in the world, with towering ancient trees and many temples. The huge underworld, the immortal Taoism releases Confucianism, and the ghosts and gods occupy the temples, which are strictly hierarchical and perform their duties, and rule the legendary ghost world with severe punishment and strict laws. [1] The name of this paragraph comes from Fengdu, which has been a famous cultural city since ancient times. It is the most distinctive and well-known historical and cultural town in China, and is famous for its ghost town as a rich ghost culture where the underworld is located. There are many legends of ghosts and gods circulating here. Many famous Chinese and foreign literary works, such as The Journey to the West, Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, Yue Biography and Zhong Kui Biography, vividly describe the "ghost town" with rich capital, which is quite legendary. Fengdu, with its long history, unique cultural connotation, magical legends, beautiful scenery and irreplaceable ornamental value, is a rare carrier and unique source of ghost culture research, showing mysterious oriental gods to Chinese and foreign tourists. The "ghost town" in Fengdu is the "underworld" built by people's imagination. People have successively built a series of underworld institutions similar to the legal mechanism on the earth, such as the Temple of Hades, the Gate of Hell, the World of Yin and Yang, and the Eighteen Levels of Hell. The images of ghosts and gods at all levels are varied and extraordinary. The instruments of torture are extremely frightening and chilling. Editing this scenic spot "Ghost Town" is unique and rich in connotation, which is the best in the world. There are national key scenic spots, famous scenic spots in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, and the largest dynamic human landscape of ghosts and gods in China-Ghost King Temple; There are Shuanggui Mountain in the National Forest Park, the largest and largest number of stone carvings of the ghost kings of the Han nationality in China, the thrilling dragon river rafting, and the beautiful leisure and holiday Siping low-altitude forest park ... According to the "ghost town", people will report to Fengdu after their death, but when they go to the "ghost town" before their death, they will be lucky enough to enjoy the wonderful landscape, feel the unique customs and get an unforgettable experience. The main landscapes in Fengdu County are: Fengdu Famous Mountain, Shuanggui Mountain, "Ghost King Temple" and "Yin Si Street", which is the largest cultural landscape of ghosts and gods in Fengdu and the most spectacular dynamic cultural landscape in Southwest China. There are also strange and spectacular buildings with high density, long time span and high cultural value, which are rare in the South Han Group. There are stone carvings of trees and ghosts under construction, Siping Forest Park at low altitude (380-520 meters above sea level), Sanfu Primitive Forest Farm, Longhe Scenic Area (caves, drifting) and other natural landscapes. Since the theory that Yin Changsheng and Wang Ju are famous mountains and cultivate immortals in Han Dynasty, it has been misinformed that "Yin, Wang and Wang are' Yin kings' and the residence of the king of the underworld is' ghost capital'". Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Laugh at the scholars in the world, sink the soul and make the north rich", which made the name of the ghost town famous far and near. After the rendering of Ming and Qing novels, it is more mysterious and grotesque. Ghost towns imitate the judicial system of the dead and create a "underworld" with strict hierarchy and functions of arrest, detention, trial, judgment and enlightenment. Punish those who committed crimes before their death. Although the little devil of Yan is only a legend, his social education function of punishing evil and promoting good is praised by people. Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, the famous mountains in Fengdu County have been called "ghost towns". Since then, Fengdu, a small county town on the north bank of the Yangtze River, has become famous all over the world with its mysterious appearance and numerous legends, and has become a scenic spot full of China cultural connotations on the Yangtze River Golden Tourism Line, attracting people to explore. Famous poets of past dynasties, many tourists, climbing mountains and wading, reciting poems and writing poems, left layers of footprints and heavy history and culture in the "ghost town". According to Ge Hong's "Fengdu County Records" and "Fairy Biography", there was a king and Yin Changsheng as immortals in Pingdu Mountain in Han Dynasty, and Taoism set up a heavenly teacher in this mountain, which was listed as "one of the 36 caves and 72 blessed places". Later generations attached "Yin Wang" as "Wang Yin", and the residence of Hades was "Ghost Capital". Pingdu Mountain is gradually attached to the "Silver Capital" of Fengdu Ghost Town. Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Laughing at the fact that all the people in the world sink into the rich capital in the north", which made the name of the ghost town famous far and near. The rendering of novels in Ming and Qing dynasties is even more mysterious and grotesque. Mingshan Town, formerly Fengdu County, is located in the middle of the county, on the north bank of the Yangtze River, at the south foot of Mingshan and Shuanggui Mountain, with the latitude of 29 53' north and longitude of 65 438+007 42' east, and the altitude of160m. Its land was called Fengminzhou in ancient times, and it was called "Bazi Biedu" around it. Since the establishment of the county in the Eastern Han Dynasty, it has been the seat of county administration and has been temporarily relocated three times. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, there were years of wars, and the government houses were completely destroyed. In the early Qing Dynasty, there was a county magistrate who lived in Gaojia Town. In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi (1660), the magistrate of a county began to rebuild the county government at Xuanhuamen in the old city. Tongzhi for nine years (1870) was destroyed by the Yangtze River flood. In the eleventh year, Fujiapu built a new city, and the county government moved six wells to the new city. In the third year of Guangxu (1877), Lu Rong, the magistrate of a county, resumed the old rule and the county moved back. In 29 years, in order to avoid the Japanese bombing, the county government moved to Maliuzui, and two years later moved to the restoration place. The office is located in today's commercial road, which was the resident of the county people's government after liberation. In the 20th year of the Republic of China, the county seat was located in Mingshan Town, and the administrative office was located in Basheng Palace (now the meat joint factory) at the southern foot of Mingshan. In 29 years of the Republic of China, Pingdu Town was established in the upper part, and its administrative office was located in Sheng Qiao Palace (now a social welfare home) at the southern foot of Shuanggui Mountain. In 35 years, Mingshan and Pingdu were merged into wu yun zhen, and in 36 years, Mingshan and Pingdu were restored. 1950, 10, the two towns merged into Chengguan Town; September 195 10, changed to chengguan district; 1June, 956, renamed as Chengguan Town; /kloc-0 changed its name to shanzhen town in July, 1980, and its office is located in Zhongshan Road today. There is only one river street in Gufeng Capital. In the fourth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (137 1), Quanshi County in Gui Zhong was in the summer, and the county was relatively simple, and then gradually expanded its street houses in the direction of famous mountains and Shuanggui Mountain; In the fourth year of Tianshun (1460), Chai Jiancheng, a magistrate of a county, and Hongzhi years, Li Yi, a magistrate, and the Ming gentry rebuilt the city wall, with five gates: Southeast Xuanhua Gate, Dongyingen Gate (also known as Shouzhi Gate), Nanhuichuan Gate (also known as Gate) and Xiyanghe Gate (also known as Daximen). In addition, four small gates will be built, namely, Dongshuimen, Xishuimen, Xiaodongmen and Xiaoximen. During the periods of Shunzhi, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Xianfeng, Tongzhi and Guangxu, the city walls were repaired, and the number of yamen, private houses, shops, schools and temples in the city increased year by year. In the early years of the Republic of China, houses were built inside and outside the city, but the streets were narrow. /kloc-From 0/8 to 20 years of the Republic of China, the Chen Lanting Garrison set up the Highway Bureau, demolished the city walls and some houses to widen the streets, and built a three-way cement pavement with a width of more than 20 feet. The main street from the monument to the park is four feet wide, nearly a mile long and straight. Trees are planted neatly on both sides of the streets of the city, and the houses are made of brick and wood. Generally, shops are opened downstairs and homes are built upstairs. After the liberation of Fengdu ghost town, the number of multi-storey buildings increased year by year. In addition to various institutions, shops, banks, primary and secondary schools in counties and towns, there are mustard tuber factories, breweries and canneries. Generally, they are reinforced concrete structures, with grindstones on the ground and tiles embedded in some facades. The street is paved with cement, and the houses on the street are solid settlements, with an urban area of 0.92 square kilometers, which looks like a knife crossing the river. There is a bus station in the northwest of the city, and there is a shuttle bus to Dianjiang, Shizhu and Fuling in the county and neighboring counties every day; There is a wharf outside the South Ring Road, the business district and Guan Yi Gate, 52km west to Fuling and Chongqing, 476km east to Yichang,1102km to Wuhan, and ships can pass day and night. Mingshan Town, with a population of more than 20,000 people, is the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of the county. Edit the historical origin of this paragraph and make it clear that Fengdu was misinformed as a ghost town. The earliest historical origin may be that Tubo, the first generation ghost emperor of Bashu Bianqiang tribe, lived in a "ghost country". According to some historians' research, Bashu Bianqiang tribe originally lived in Tianshui area in southern Gansu. Due to the great changes in China from the 10th century BC to the 9th century BC, the climate in the early Western Zhou Dynasty was warmer, but it quickly deteriorated. During the week recorded in the Bamboo Book, the Hanshui River, a tributary of the Yangtze River, was frozen twice in 903 BC and 897 BC respectively, and then there was a great drought. This means that there was a cold period in the tenth century BC, which lasted for about one or two centuries, and it didn't get warmer until the Spring and Autumn Period. Because of this cold period, the Di people who originally lived in Longnan and distributed at the junction of Gansu, Shaanxi and Sichuan today moved southward on a large scale. One of them went down to the Hanshui Valley to form an alliance with the Ba tribe. Today, there is Fancheng in Xiangyang, Hubei Province, which should be one of the Fan surnames in the process of the migration of Di nationality to the south. Another "Banton" crossed the Jialing River valley and moved to northern Sichuan and northeastern Sichuan, including the tribes of the Bianqiang family. Frontier tribes migrated from south to east in today's Hubei and Xiangxi; South to western Sichuan and northeastern Yunnan. The activity center of Ba people mainly lived in Hanshui River Basin from Shang Dynasty to Spring and Autumn Period in Yinfengdu, and then moved westward to Sichuan due to Chu invasion. After entering Sichuan, Pakistan was established. When it was strong, southeast Sichuan and Xiangxi were its southern boundaries. The Shubian Qiang tribe in Cuba is also known as the two tribes of the ghost family. In the long-term communication, because everyone believes in ghosts and witches, a primitive religious god-Tubo, known as the first generation ghost emperor of Bashu clan, has emerged. This ghost emperor lives in Youdu. Huai Nan Zi written by Gao in the Eastern Han Dynasty. "Falling Shape" said: "Ancient seclusion is in the north of Yanmen." A "quiet capital" and a "north of Yanmen" are difficult to explain. The ancient secluded places are all in Youzhou, and Yanmen refers to Yanmenguan area in Shanxi; However, it is impossible for the Bashu border strong ghost clan to be in the north, so some people think that this "north of Yanmen" is in today's Sichuan. Fengdu was once the capital of Bashu in ancient times, and was later called the "quiet capital" of "ghost country". This "ghost country secluded capital" probably means "ghost home capital". Ghosts who believe in witchcraft must have witchcraft; The ghost family has primitive religion, so it is necessary to establish a god, that is, the first generation of ghost emperor, and Tubo is therefore called the first god to cross the earth in ancient style. Some people may think this is nonsense, but later Zhang Daoling founded the "Five-door Rice Road" in Sichuan, also known as the "Ghost Road", and Zhang Tianshi absorbed the witchcraft of the low Qiang tribe as his own magic to exorcise ghosts and treat diseases; Later, Taoism named Du Feng as one of the ghosts, which was intrinsically related to the fact that the first generation of ghost emperors in Bashu lived in ancient Du Feng. Edit the introduction of this scenic spot. Famous scenic spots have lush trees, exquisite architecture, loud gongs and drums and beautiful mountains and rivers. The sun shines in the morning and the scenery is intoxicating. Temple Fengdu is a ghost town, and the statue of Jade Palace is that the pavilion stands on the mountain. Celebrity coquettish passenger flow is elegant and elegant, and the poems are meaningful. The main attractions are the largest dynamic folk culture and human landscape in China, the shrine of the ghost king, and the "hell hell" statues that simulate human litigation, courts, prisons, torture, etc. Strange ideas and realistic expressions. There are inscriptions by celebrities such as Su Shi, Lu You and Fan Chengda on the mountain. Shuangguishan National Forest Park is adjacent to famous mountains. Ghost towns imitate the judicial system of the dead and create a "underworld" with strict hierarchy and functions of arrest, detention, trial, judgment and enlightenment. Punish those who committed crimes before their death. Judge Yan Xiao Devil only tells lies, but his social education function of punishing evil and promoting good is praised. Every year, the "Ghost Town Temple Fair" on the third day of the third lunar month is full of boats and tourists, such as "cloudy wedding", "city outing", "Zhong Kui marries his sister" and "ghost country music and dance", which is amazing, dizzying and amazing. Pingdu Mountain was originally named "Pingdu Mountain", but it was later renamed because of Su Shi's poem "Pingdu Ancient Famous Mountain in the World" in the Northern Song Dynasty. It is 287.3 meters above sea level and covers an area of 0.45 square kilometers. According to legend, in the Han Dynasty, there were two people, Yin Changsheng and Wang Zeng, who became immortals on Pingdu Mountain and soared in the daytime. Taoism lists this place as one of the "land of caves" in the Taoist capital. In the Tang Dynasty, some people mistakenly combined the surnames of Yin and Wang, so this famous mountain was gradually legendary as the place where (the king of the underworld) lived, that is, it evolved into the ghost capital of the underworld. Then Lu Xu built many temples related to the "underworld". There are more than 30 temples, including Huma Temple, Gratitude Hall, Naihe Bridge, Jade Emperor Hall, Baizi Hall, Impermanence Hall, Daxiong Hall, Gate of Hell, Huang Quan Road, Wangxiangtai, Tianzi Hall, Erxian Building, Huangcheng Hall and Jiupython Hall. There are inscriptions by celebrities such as Su Shi, Lu You and Fan Chengda on the mountain. Two generals will sculpt in Heha Temple. Legend has it that Hum will be called Zheng Lun, who was originally a general in Shang Zhouwang. He is an official general in charge of grain. He once worshipped due as a teacher and learned a stunt. Due's reality taught him two things in his head. When you meet the enemy, your nose buzzes like Hong Zhong, emitting two white lights, which is fascinating. With this unique skill, Zheng Lun defeated many opponents. Later, he was captured by Zhou Wuwang's generals and took refuge in Zhou Wuwang, where he still worked as a grain inspector. Chen Qi, a general, was also a general of Shang and Zhou Dynasties. He once taught the secret skills of making a sacred tree, which was refined into a yellow gas in his abdomen. As soon as he opened his mouth, yellow gas gushed out and his opponent's soul dispersed. China fought Zheng Lun of the Zhou Dynasty, regardless of the outcome. Later, Chen Qi was stabbed to death by Huang Zhou Hu Fei. After the king of Wu was destroyed, Jiang Ziya returned to China to offer sacrifices to the gods, sealed Zheng Lun and Chen Jishou, declared enlightenment, guarded the magic weapon, and became the gods of the two generals. Thanksgiving Hall was founded in the Republic of China and rebuilt in 1984. Covering an area of 234.4 square meters, it contains the Mulian Bodhisattva, and its disciples Gong Min and Zhi Min are on both sides. Mulian, also known as Mulian, is one of the top ten disciples of Sakyamuni. It is said that he has miraculous powers, can fly to the sky, is the first filial piety, is deeply admired by the world, and burns incense all year round. According to "The Tale of Lanpen Buddha", in ancient India, there was a rich man named Guofengdu Ghost Town, and his wife's name was Qingti. Guo Xiang respects monks very much, but Qing Dynasty, on the other hand, hates monks. The couple gave birth to a son named Manglietia in their later years. Manglietia was just seven days old when her father died. Mulian became a father when he grew up, and he still respected monks and yearned for the three treasures (Buddhism, Dharma and Monk). In order to inherit her father's business, Manglietia decided to go out to do business. Before he left, he said to his mother, "When children go out for money, the mother should accumulate virtue and do good deeds and be kind to the monks at home." . Qingti agreed to her son's request. But with her son gone, she still went her own way, beating and cursing monks and Taoists. After Mulian came home, he heard neighbors talk about his mother's extreme unkindness to monks and Taoists, so he asked his mother. Qingti swears, "If I mistreat my monk, I will die of natural causes within seven days." . Sure enough, within seven days, Qingti died of a sudden illness. After her mother's death, Mulian scattered her family's belongings to her neighbors and continued her practice alone in the underworld. After enlightenment, he came to heaven and saw that his father was enjoying happiness, but his mother was not there. He asked Master Sakyamuni why. The Buddha told Mulian: Your mother was disrespectful to Buddhism, and was thrown into eighteen layers of hell and suffered from hanging upside down, becoming a hungry ghost. To save mother, we must prepare all kinds of food, and feed ten monks on the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month to let mother cross over. This is the origin of Buddhist bonsai later. So Manglietia's mother was saved. However, after reincarnation, his mother became a dog in Wang Shecheng. Everyone saw a dog under Manglietia's rosette, which was Manglietia's mother. Since then, Orchid Society has also been called Ghost Society. It is said that people don't go out on the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month. The Buddha decided that Manglietia was so filial, so he named Manglietia a Bodhisattva, the leader of the nether world and in charge of the underworld. He was the last to join the ranks of the four great bodhisattvas. Different from Guanyin, the Earth Hidden King mainly saves all the "evil spirits" in hell, while Guanyin mainly saves all sentient beings. The statues in the temple of wealth are Bigen, the god of wealth, and Zhao Gongming, Wu Caishen. Anyone who has read The Love of Gods knows that Beagan is Shang Zhouwang's uncle, and he is loyal and honest to Zhou Wang. When he saw that Su Daji had confused Zhou Wang and disturbed Chaogang, while Zhou Wang was wild and tyrannical all day, he risked his life to protest many times. Zhou Wang not only turned a deaf ear, but also provoked the fox incarnate Su Daji's injury. On one occasion, Su Daji said to Zhou Wang morosely, Fengdu is a ghost town, and my heart is very painful. I have to eat one painstakingly to survive. So when Bigan remonstrated again, Zhou Wang said angrily: It is said that the human heart has seven tricks, but I want to see how many tricks your heart has. So he cut open his chest and took out his heart to give Su Daji medicine. Bican rode his heartless body into the street and saw a woman selling water spinach, so he asked before him, What should people do if they live heartlessly? The woman didn't look up, only said the word "death". So Bigen fell to the ground and died. Because Bigan is an "unintentional" prime minister, he can handle affairs impartially and handle cases impartially, so later generations built a temple of wealth for him and named him a god of literature. Wu Caishen is Zhao Gongming. In fact, Zhao Gongming is a fictional figure of Taoism. Legend has it that he is a native of Zhong Kui, a native of Zhong Nanshan, Shaanxi Province, and was transformed by the luxurious night, wisdom and consciousness of heaven. He lived in seclusion in the mountains because he saw the cruelty of Qin Shihuang. Until the Western Han Dynasty, Zhang Daoling entered Guimingshan for practice, took him as a disciple, and made him ride Hei Hu to guard the Dan furnace. After Zhang Daoling became a Tianshi, he was ordered to guard the "Tan Xuan" (Taoist altar), so Zhao Gongming was also called Zhao Xuantan. Later, he was called Shen Xiao's assistant handsome by the Jade Emperor, with several positions and many titles. It is said in Searching for the Gods that after Zhang Daoling ascends the mountain, he should guard the Dragon and Tiger Mountain and turn out those who have made meritorious deeds or sincerely repented. He has eight brave generals under his command to deal with gossip; There are six poisonous gods to deal with the six evils of heaven, earth, year, month, day and time; There are five thors and five cabin soldiers to deal with the five elements; Twenty-eight will welcome twenty-eight stars; And the unity of heaven and earth, managing the fire and water between heaven and earth, also symbolizes the meaning of spring and autumn. He can drive away thunder and lightning, call the wind and rain, eliminate epidemics, preside over lawsuits, safeguard justice, rehabilitate unjust cases, supervise business, and make both sides make money. Therefore, it is regarded as the god of wealth by the people. Naihe Bridge is located halfway up the famous mountain, with a building area of 25.8 square meters. Built in the Yongle period of Ming Dynasty (1403- 1424), it was originally an affiliated building of Liaoyang Guild Hall. This is a "golden bridge" connecting history and reality, connecting with Yang, examining good and evil, and declaring life and death. Liaoyang Hall was originally the incense hall of Chunzhu, the king of Ming and Shu. Chunzhu, the king of Shu, is known as the "No.1 scholar in Shu". According to legend, he is the eleventh son of Zhu Yuanzhang's ghost town Fengdu. In the 23rd year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, he was named King of Shu (1390). He is handsome and handsome, and he has everyone's demeanor, so he is deeply loved by Zhu Yuanzhang. After he entered Sichuan, he quickly put down the riots of the people in the north and south, advocated ethics and morality, ignored generous taxes, treated the virtuous corporal and accepted talents. The history book says, "Shu people are getting richer and richer, and Shu is strong without being beaten by soldiers for 200 years." Guanyin is the first bodhisattva in the Buddha country, also known as Guan Zi and Master Ci Hang. According to "Hokkekyo", all the distressed sentient beings will be liberated if they praise the Bodhisattva wholeheartedly, so they are famous for Guanyin Bodhisattva. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Shimin's name was taboo, and the word "world" was omitted, which was called Guanyin for short. That is, when all beings are suffering, as long as the name is read, the Bodhisattva will "observe" this voice and immediately save it. Tian Zi Temple is located in the east-west direction. Founded in the Western Jin Dynasty, it has a history of about 1600 years. The existing Tian Zi Temple was rebuilt in the third year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1864), with a history of more than 300 years. The whole hall covers an area of 243 1 m2, and consists of three parts: memorial archway, mountain gate and hall, which are symmetrically arranged on a central axis. The archway is square with three eaves and wood and stone structure, with a height of about 10 meter. The mountain gate is a double-eaved roof, and the bell and drum towers on both sides are quadrangular conical roofs. The hall is made of brick and wood, with a hard mountain roof and a funny beam-piercing frame. This temple is the core part of the ghost town, and it is also the oldest temple with the largest area and scale and the most complete preservation. Edit this travel information Fengdu has a mild climate, which is suitable for travel all year round except the hottest days in summer. Every year, the "Ghost Town Temple Fair" on the third day of the third lunar month is full of boats and tourists, such as "cloudy wedding", "city outing", "Zhong Kui marries his sister" and "ghost country music and dance", which is amazing, dizzying and amazing. "Ghost Town" is a famous mountain with abundant capital, which attracts countless Chinese and foreign tourists with its long history and unique culture. If you can go at this time, you will be amazed at the beautiful scenery of Fengdu. Edit this paragraph of beef jerky, a specialty of Fengdu: all of them are first-class beef without any preservative drops, each piece is pure meat strips, and nothing else is added, including spicy taste, all of them are made from local materials in the county! I dare not say what is in the main city of Chongqing, but it is worthy of the name to say that this Fengdu local product describes green health and hygiene! Ghost town gourd painting: unique "gourd painting" and die-casting composite handicrafts: lion, horse, ox, sheep, Fu Lushou Samsung, Liu Fu, teapot, etc. Ghost town spicy chicken nuggets: similar to the boiled chicken we usually eat, it is a famous home-cooked dish in Chongqing. Chicken is boiled in white water but not boiled, but hard meat can be easily crushed with teeth. Cut the whole chicken into small pieces and add red oil, monosodium glutamate, sesame oil, sugar, pepper noodles and soy sauce.