What are the special festivals?

The second day of the second lunar month is a traditional festival of the Han nationality. People think that this day is the day when the dragon will ascend to heaven, so it is called "Dragon Head Lifting Festival" or "Qinglong Festival". On this day, women in rural areas of Henan generally don't move scissors or do needlework, for fear of cutting off the dragon's body with a knife. According to the old people. This is to show respect for the dragon. On this festival, people go to the fields to pick wild vegetables, make jiaozi, fry pancakes, fry soybeans, fry bacon and steam jujube buns to improve their lives.

Among the numerous food customs, there are the most people who spread pancakes and eat fried beans on this day. People believe that this day is the birthday of the Dragon King in the East China Sea, and pancakes are the dragon king's afterbirth. Eating pancakes is to chew the disaster for the dragon king, and throwing pancakes is to bury the dragon king's afterbirth.

The formation of the custom of eating fried beans on the second day of the second lunar month is said to be related to a folklore. According to legend, after Wu Zetian seized the political power in the Tang Dynasty, she was renamed Zhou and claimed to be the emperor. When the Jade Emperor in the sky knew this, he flew into a rage and ordered Taibai Venus to tell the Four Seas Dragon King not to rain on earth for three years. This can be bitter for the people all over the world, and people can't help crying. Yulong, who was in charge of Tianhe, could not bear the suffering of the people. He drank enough water from Tianhe and sprayed it on the earth, saving all the people. When the Jade Emperor learned of this, he put the Jade Dragon down on the earth, nailed it to the foot of the mountain, and erected a stone tablet, which read: "Jade Dragon Rain violates heaven and should be punished for eternal life. If you want to go back to Lingxiao Pavilion, unless the golden beans bloom. " People try their best to save Yulong. This year, on the second day of the second lunar month, people found that rice and soybeans are golden yellow and shiny, much like golden beans. When the beans are fried, don't the golden beans bloom? As a result, the news spread, and many families fried a lot of corn and soybeans, some for the yard and some for Yulong. The mountain that suppressed Yulong was too white and dusty by Venus. On this day, Venus Taibai discovered that the world was golden, and thought that the golden beans were blooming, so she collected the dust. Yulong just took off and returned to the sky. This is the season when spring rain is as expensive as oil. Yulong ignored the jade emperor's ban and began to rain.

Since then, people have formed a habit. On the second day of the second lunar month, people fry corn and soybeans. -

The seventh day of the seventh lunar month is a traditional festival of the Han nationality. Because the main participants in this day's activities are girls, the content of the festival activities is mainly begging skills, so people call this day "begging skills festival" or "girls' day".

The custom of "begging for cleverness" on Tanabata varies from place to place in the Central Plains, but the desire to pray for the weaver girl to send cleverness is the same. According to the Records of Zheng County, the begging ceremony in Zhengzhou was "Qixi Festival" in the old days. People presented seasonal fresh fruits, wine and dishes on the courtyard or balcony, and then told the story of the cowherd and the weaver girl. At this time, women are begging from the moon. It is also useful to put a spider in a small box. The next morning, its webs are dense and quite clever. In Kaifeng and other places, the clever way is that at noon on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, women use pots to hold water, and after exposure to the scorching sun, a layer of water film condenses on the water. At this time, they floated an embroidery needle on it and looked at the bottom of the water. If the needle shadow is like a cloud of flowers and birds, it is a scissors ruler, but it is all a clever begging, and female companions compete to congratulate. If the needle shadow is as thick as a hammer and as thin as silk, everyone will laugh together. If it is a young girl begging for "clumsiness", she feels humiliated and often cries and needs someone to comfort her.

The custom of begging for cleverness in Xinxiang, Henan Province is that every year on the sixth night of the seventh lunar month, seven unmarried local girls form a group (according to the number of "Chinese Valentine's Day"), each of whom exchanges things for a face and prepares offerings for the Weaver Girl. Someone wants to buy seven kinds of melons and fruits, such as grapes, pomegranates, watermelons, dates and peaches, bake seven steamed buns with oil or sugar, make seven bowls of small jiaozi and make seven bowls of noodle soup. In addition, seven big jiaozi will be packaged separately. Dumpling stuffing is made of seven kinds of vegetables, and there are seven kinds of things made of flour, such as needles, looms, flower hammers, spindles, scissors, garlic cloves or abacus. These seven things should represent the wishes of seven girls.

That night, the seven girls put their offerings under the melon shed or in a secluded place, burned incense and lit some paper, knelt under the moon and prayed to the Weaver Girl. After praying, seven girls were given fruit and seven bowls of steamed buns. Then put seven oil cakes and seven big jiaozi in bamboo blue and hang them on the Chinese Toona tree. That night, seven girls kept vigil together, guarding the bamboo basket. This kind of behavior is called "guarding cleverness", and its purpose is to prevent joking boys from stealing cleverness.

On the morning of July 7th, at dawn, seven girls closed their eyes and touched a big jiaozi in the bamboo blue. Whoever finds needles, scissors and other things in jiaozi will become a dab hand in the future.

In northern Henan, Qinyang, Mengxian and other places, there is still the custom of "Tanabata" duet. On Valentine's Day in China, local girls form groups with seven people in each group, or nine or eleven people in each group, depending on the number of people. People pay attention to the number of singers, and there is a saying that "when the list is wrong, the fault lies in the generation." People divide the duet into odd numbers in order to get a "coincidence" and hope that the duet in our village will win.

Begging for songs and customs is really interesting and memorable. It enriches the contents of the Begging for Cleverness Festival on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, making this girl's festival as naive, lively, optimistic and cheerful as a girl's character.

The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the traditional Double Ninth Festival in China. The ancients thought that "nine" was a lucky number and a positive number. On the ninth day of September, it occupies two nine characters, and double yang is important, so people call it "double ninth" or "double ninth".

In the traditional customs of China, the Double Ninth Festival is a climbing festival, which, like eating zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival and eating moon cakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival, has become a symbol of the Double Ninth Festival on September 9. According to historical records, it was formed under the influence of a myth and legend. A native of Wujun, A Liang, once said in the book "Continued Harmony": "Huanjing in Runan has been traveling with Fei Changfang for many years. Changfang said:' On September 9, there is a disaster in your family, so you should hurry, let your family make a crimson bag, take the arm of Cornus officinalis and drink chrysanthemum wine. This disaster can be eliminated. "Picturesque, the family climbed the mountain. At night, I saw chickens, dogs, cattle and sheep suddenly die. Chang Fang listened and said,' This can be replaced.' Today, people climb mountains and drink on the 9th, and women wear bags of dogwood, and the cover starts here. According to this record, Huanjing, a native of Runan, listened to Master's advice and led his family to climb the mountain to avoid disaster on September 9, but he survived. Therefore, people later regarded the custom of climbing on the Double Ninth Festival as an activity to avoid disasters. In addition, in the traditional concept of Central Plains people, double ninth still means longevity, health and longevity. Therefore, people regard the Double Ninth Festival as "the festival for the elderly", and there are many activities in society to respect, care for and respect the elderly. At present, dogwood is rarely worn in Henan folk Double Ninth Festival, but chrysanthemum viewing in Double Ninth Festival is becoming more and more popular. Because chrysanthemums are in full bloom in September, which is also called "Chrysanthemum Month", viewing chrysanthemums has become an important part of the festival during the Double Ninth Festival in Ao Shuang. The eighth day of the twelfth lunar month is the traditional Laba Festival of Han nationality in China. On this day, most parts of China have the custom of eating Laba porridge. Laba porridge is made of eight kinds of fresh grains and fruits harvested in the same year, usually sweet porridge. However, many farmers in the Central Plains like to eat Laba porridge. In addition to rice, millet, mung bean, cowpea, peanut, jujube and other raw materials, porridge also contains radish, cabbage, vermicelli, kelp, tofu and so on. In northern Henan, on the morning of the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, people get up and cook porridge at dawn. After the porridge is cooked, the first thing to do is not to eat it yourself, but to feed the cooked porridge to the jujube tree, cut some small holes in the jujube tree, and then piously wipe the porridge on the tree marks, so that the jujube tree thinks that it has eaten rice. People do this because, according to the old people, the jujube trees in the Central Plains are fruitless and people are unwilling to plant jujube trees. When Kitchen God saw that people didn't respect her, she became an old lady and came to the world. She drew an orchard not far from the village, which was full of jujube trees and dates. People picked it, tasted it, and it was sweet and sour, so they went to the old woman who managed the jujube tree for advice. The old woman told everyone that jujube trees will bear fruit as long as they are fed rice on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month every year. People did as she said, and sure enough, all the trees had red dates. This is just a legend. In fact, there are many scientific reasons for bread here: cutting some holes in jujube trees can adjust the nutritional growth of jujube trees, prevent nutrients from being transported underground, and supply the above-ground parts centrally, thus ensuring the nutritional needs of fruits. As for putting porridge on tree scars, it is actually just a soil measure to protect wound healing. Until now, there is still the custom of letting jujube trees eat rice on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month in northern Henan. There is a folk song circulating in the local area: "Laba jujube trees eat rice and jujube bears dried eggs." "Dried egg" is a Henan dialect, which means that jujube trees are full of fruits and thick. The 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month is an important folk festival before the Spring Festival, which is called "Festival of Sacrificing Kitchen Stove". At this time, people can't help but welcome the joy of the New Year, stop all kinds of work in their hands, and are busy with the sacrificial activities of offering sacrifices to the gods years ago. The custom of offering sacrifices to stoves on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month in Henan is accompanied by a bleak folklore. In ancient times, an old couple had only one son. They regard their son as the apple of their eye and love him very much. But because his family was poor and unable to make a living, he had to bear the pain and let his son dig coal in the coal mine. The old man has missed his son for a long time. On this day, the old woman told the old man to visit the coal mine. On the way, the old man met a barefoot fellow traveler, and the two became more and more familiar and got along well. During the chat, the old man learned that Barefoot was instructed by Rebecca to find 100 miners in the mine. The old man was in a hurry and begged his son to stay barefoot. Barefoot generously agreed and told him not to tell anyone. Seeing his son, the old man pretended to be ill, and his son was waiting around and unable to go down the well. Soon, something happened in the coal mine, and the old man hurried home with his son. Three years passed in a blink of an eye. On the night of the twelfth lunar month, the old man remembered the risks of that year and couldn't help telling his wife. Who knows, this statement was heard by Chef Jun. On the evening of 23rd, Chef Jun went to heaven and told the Jade Emperor about it. The Jade Emperor became angry from embarrassment, and immediately punished the barefoot piece and took away the old man's son. Because of this, on the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, people respect Zhao Jun for eating sweets, hoping that he will stop gossiping when he arrives in the Heavenly Palace. As time goes by, people sacrifice stoves on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month. On the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, the first round of firecrackers was set off in urban and rural areas of the Central Plains. City residents are busy buying sesame candy, fire and other food for offering sacrifices to stoves. In the vast rural areas, preparations and grand ceremonies for offering sacrifices to stoves gradually began in the deafening sound of guns. Ceremonies for offering sacrifices to stoves are mostly held at night. When offering sacrifices to the stove, the people who offer sacrifices to the stove kneel in front of the statue of the stove and hug the rooster. Some people even let children hold chickens and kneel behind adults. It is said that the chicken is the horse on which jujube ascended to heaven, so the chicken is called a horse instead of a chicken. Such as red rooster, commonly known as "red horse" and white cock, commonly known as "white horse". After ordering the incense table, the cigarettes in the room were filled with mysterious colors. The host poured wine and kowtowed, muttering something. After reading it, the burning lamp shouted "collar"! And then pour the chicken head with wine. If a chicken's head flutters, it means that Grandpa Jujube has been ungrateful. If the head of the chicken doesn't move, it needs to be watered again. After the ceremony, people began to eat food, such as stove, candy and fire. In some places, they also eat sugar cakes, oil cakes and tofu soup. In Henan, the typical food for offering sacrifices to stoves should be the first stove candy. Kitchen candy is a kind of maltose that sticks to the mouth and teeth. The reason for offering sugar to the stove is to stick the mouth of the stove owner. Legend has it that Lord Zao is a god sent by the Jade Emperor to supervise good and evil. He has the responsibility to communicate with people, contact the feelings between heaven and earth, and convey the information between fairyland and human beings. When it went to heaven, people gave it stove candy, hoping that it would eat sweets and say good things in front of the Jade Emperor. It is also said that the candy used for offering sacrifices to the stove is not stuck on the mouth of the stove owner, but on the mouth of the grandmother who is greedy and loves to gossip. In addition to eating stove candy, fire is also a very distinctive seasonal food on the day of sacrifice. On the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, the business of biscuit stalls in the city is booming. People gathered together and rushed to buy sacrificial stoves and burn them. Most of the countryside is made by ourselves, made of flour and kang. The home is very lively, with the taste of off-year life. In Henan, people regard the festival of offering sacrifices to stoves as a reunion festival after the Mid-Autumn Festival. Anyone who works, does business or goes to school in other places should try to get home before the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month. If you can eat the sacrificial stove cooked at home, you will be protected by the kitchen god and your family will be safe in the coming year.