What are the humanities, folk customs and specialties in Huai 'an?

Huai 'an City was formed by the merger of Huai 'an City and Huaiyin City. It is the hometown of Zhou Enlai, the first Prime Minister of the State Council, and is surrounded by the national historical and cultural city and the downtown area of South Kyoto. Located in the north of Jiangsu Province and the east of Jianghuai Plain, it is located at the intersection of Yangtze River Delta, Huaihe River and Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. Lianyungang in the north, Yancheng in the east, Yangzhou and Nanjing in the south, Chuzhou in Anhui in the west and Suqian in the northwest. Historically, Huai 'an, together with Yangzhou, Suzhou and Hangzhou, is known as the "Four Metropolis" along the canal and has the reputation of "China Canal Capital". Huaian is a famous historical and cultural city in China, an excellent tourist city in China, a national sanitary city and a national garden city. Huai 'an takes Yangzhou as the main birthplace of Huaiyang cuisine, and it is one of the birthplaces of ancient culture in the Jianghuai Valley, with a long history and outstanding people.

Huaian is a famous historical and cultural city with outstanding people and numerous cultural landscapes. There are more than 0/00 cultural relics protection units at all levels in the city, and there are more than 40,000 cultural relics in the collection. Besides the Ming Zuling, Zhou Enlai's former residence and memorial hall, Han Xin's hometown and Wu Cheng'en's former residence, Huai 'an is rich in cultural heritage and worth visiting.

● Qingliangang Cultural Site ●

The Qingliangang Cultural Site was named in a special article in the Journal of ArchaeologyNo. 1, which was discovered by the then Huaihe Cultural Relics Team in February 1958. Later, it was recognized by more and more historians and went down in history.

According to China Historical Draft edited by Guo Moruo, Qingliangang culture is the earliest primitive culture in the Jianghuai Valley, a branch of Neolithic culture, and belongs to the transition stage from matriarchal clan to paternal clan. Because it was first discovered in Qingliangang, Songji Township, Huai 'an, it was named "Qingliangang Culture".

● Dongyang City Site and Dongyang Hanshi Group ●

Dongyang City Site in Qin and Han Dynasties is the best preserved ancient site in Jiangsu Province. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was an ancient town that ran through the north-south traffic. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, it was the seat of Dongyang County, and was once named as a vassal state by Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, with a prosperous economy and culture. The ancient tombs in Dongyang are buried in the southeast of the site, with an area of 300,000 square meters and thousands of ancient tombs. Due to the custom of thick burial in Han Dynasty, underground cultural relics are extremely rich. Since 1970s, a large number of cultural relics with high historical, artistic and scientific value have been unearthed here. Among them, the woodcut star map of the Western Han Dynasty unearthed in 1974 is10 years earlier than the earliest comet map of Yale Salem recognized in the world.

● Ancient Sizhou City Site ●

More than 300 years ago, the ancient Sizhou city, which was submerged by the Yellow River crossing the Huaihe River, was always considered in the Hongze Lake and Huaihe River in legend. However, after nearly a year's exploration, the Institute of Culture and Natural Heritage of Nanjing University has proved that this bustling ancient city, once the center of Bianhe River, has not been submerged in Hongze Lake, only one tenth of it has been submerged in the Huaihe River, and most of it faces the first mountain in Xuyi County across the Huaihe River.

● Guan Bao Endeavour Pavilion ●

Guan Bao Fenjin Pavilion is located in Xuyi County. According to legend, in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Guan Zhong and Bao were both famous politicians and lovers of Qi, and they lived together as brothers since childhood. Because of their poor family, they engaged in small business to support their families. Once, they came to Gusizhou, where merchants gathered and restaurants were dense, to sell wine, and then they became rich. But no matter how much profit you make, you go to a secluded place and distribute it equally. One day, after sharing the money, they lamented that it was difficult to make a big profit and discuss the next plan. An old man floated in and taught them the "secret recipe" of making big money: let them add water to the wine, and they will get huge profits, but they sternly refused. However, the old man didn't know what he was talking about, and they left angrily. Just after a few steps, they suddenly saw a big snake blocking the way. They were surprised and scared. At this time, the old man came with a hoe, broke the snake in half with the hoe, and then picked up the broken snake in his hand and knocked it. It turned out to be two pieces of gold. After the old man gave the gold to two people, he said, "You are all pillars of the country. Don't miss your future because of the embarrassment of life. " Then, it floated away. They know that they have met a fairy, and they are very grateful. However, Guan Bao believed that "the gold given by God should be left to the people" and immediately shared the gold with the villagers in the northern and southern villages. Later generations remembered Guan Bao's spirit of sharing gold and raised funds to build the Golden Pavilion. It is also said that in order to commemorate this event, a spectacular "Guan Bao Fenjin Pavilion" was built about 50 meters west of Guan Zhen Street during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. The pavilion was destroyed by 1959.

The Guan Bao Fenjin Pavilion rebuilt in the original site is square, with a bottom width of10.5m and a height of13.6m.. There are four tall and majestic iron men standing on it, with statues of Guan Zhong and Bao on the east and west sides, with glittering gold bars in their hands, and statues of their old age on the other sides. Eight reliefs, such as picking up gold, receiving gold, distributing gold and giving gold, are painted on the eight walls on both sides of the four doors, vividly reappearing the scene when Guan Bao distributed gold.

● Wentong Tower and Shaohu Park ●

Wentong Pagoda, formerly known as Zunsheng Pagoda, stands tall on the bank of the canal in the northwest corner of Huai 'an ancient city and in the "Wentong Pagoda Garden" on the shore of Shao Lake. Simple and solemn, it is a classical building with Buddhist style.

Wentong Pagoda was built in Tang Zhongzong Jinglong for two years (AD 708), with a history of 1280 years. According to the Qing Dynasty's Huai Xu Zhu, when Wu Zetian was in the Tang Dynasty, the Buddhist monk Sangha came to Chuzhou (Huai 'an). In the second year of Jinglong, the Zen master was called into the palace, honored as a "holy monk" and called a disciple. Tang Zhongzong Li Xian ordered the monks in Chuzhou to build "Longxing manjuji" and a "sacred tower". In the second year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1629), Zunsheng Pagoda was rebuilt, and it was renamed Wentong Pagoda because there was Wentong Temple in Jin Dynasty next to it. In the 18th year of Qing Daoguang (A.D. 1838), it was rebuilt in the autumn, and it was located in Longguangge (now destroyed) in the south corner of Ming Dynasty, "strengthening Wenfeng".

This tower has now become the first attraction of Shaohu Gong Hu Park: the shadow of the Huguang Tower. Whenever the red sun shines high or the bright moon is in the sky, the tower will be reflected in the lake, occasionally dotted with white clouds, blue sky, weeping willows and exotic flowers and grasses, and the scenery is quiet and breathtaking.

The spoon lake at the back of the tower is named after its spoon shape, with a water surface of 1 14 mu and a land area of 40 mu. It has been a scene in Huai 'an since ancient times. It is said that since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, famous temples have been built here, and people come here all the year round to travel or burn incense and worship. This building is Shaohu Park. More than half a century ago, a great contemporary left his childhood footprints here (note). Every time people come here to watch, their interest in traveling will increase dramatically. When you step into the threshold of "Wentong Tower Garden", the first thing you see is the double pavilion cloister. Passing the Wentong Tower means stepping on the spoon embankment. On the left is the rippling lake, and on the right is the cloud wall with white body and green eaves adjacent to the campus. Looking northeast, you can clearly see two exquisite and unique caves in the distance, giving people a sense of seclusion. Although this is not as beautiful as the West Lake in Hangzhou, which is suitable for heavy makeup, it is not inferior to the general Jiangnan gardens. After passing through the two caves, some antique buildings appeared in the garden, which changed with the topography and water potential, with soft and pleasant colors and solemn elegance. On the island in the middle of the lake, there are halls, water corridors and fan-shaped waterside pavilions, and there is also a Zhou Shi in the lake. There are two pavilions on board, and you can have a bird's eye view of the whole lake when you go upstairs. There is a Hongqiao in the north and south of the central island, which is connected with the land. Shaohu Academy, taught by Ruan Kuisheng, a scholar of Ming Dynasty, was also restored according to the architectural style of Ming Dynasty, and a book table was built on the west side for tourists to rest. Looking up at the bridge, it is interesting to see two or three yachts breaking through the blue sky underwater.

Zhenhuai House●

Zhenhuai Building was founded in the Northern Song Dynasty and was originally a restaurant in Zhenjiang. Because Huai 'an "is the crossroads to the north of the Yangtze River, and it is the passage of north-south traffic", the Grand Canal running through Huai 'an was the lifeline of north-south traffic at that time. To transport grain from the south to the north, it is necessary to cross the Yangtze River and Huaihe River from the canal and then go north. The ship takes Huai 'an as a safe place. All officials, dignitaries, wealthy businessmen, literati and Taoist celebrities should go upstairs to offer wine to celebrate their luck. In the Yuan Dynasty, Huai 'an "set up a governor's office to take charge of the traffic between the north and the south", and the gold plaque of "North and South Cardinal" and "Crown Crane Qu Yun" hung upstairs. In the Ming dynasty, there was a "copper pot dripping" upstairs to tell the time, so it was also called "bridge building". Later it was called "Drum Tower" because it was specially used for playing and alarming.

Liang Hongyu Temple ●

Liang Hongyu Temple is located in Chenfang, north of Huai 'an New City, in memory of Liang Hongyu, a hero of the Southern Song Dynasty. The construction date is unknown, and it was rebuilt in 1982.

Liang Hongyu, a native of Chuzhou (now Huai 'an), was the wife of Han Shizhong, a famous anti-gold star in the Southern Song Dynasty. He used to beat drums in Jinshan, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, to help fight against the nomads from the Golden Army, and Liang Hongyu's "Beating drums against the nomads from the Golden Army" is a legendary story. Later, Han Shizhong led his troops to Huai 'an and built a new city in the north of Huai 'an 1 to fight against the nomads from there. Later generations built a temple for the statue here. Because she ranks seventh, it is commonly known as "Seven Grandma Temple".

The restored Liang Hongyu Temple has three rooms and one hospital. There are three walls, the south is the gate, and there is a stone drum on each side of the gate. There is an altar three feet six inches high in the cave. There is a shrine on the altar. The shrine has three panels, a glass about six feet square in the south, and a clay sculpture of Liang Hongyu Rong's assembled sword. It is five feet high, elegant and majestic. There is also a stone tablet introducing Liang Hongyu's life in the temple.

● Liu E's former residence ●

Liu E Bookstore is where Liu E lives and writes books. Located in Zangmiao Lane, Heping Road, Huai 'an.

Liu E (1857— 1909) is a modern novelist. The word Tieyun is from Jiankang, Hongdu, An Baili. Jiangsu Dantu (now Zhenjiang) was born in Yangshan (now Huai 'an). Born in a bureaucratic family, but I don't like the words in the examination room. He inherited his family studies, devoted himself to practical knowledge such as mathematics, medicine and water conservancy, surveyed hundreds of schools, and liked to collect calligraphy and painting inscriptions. Oracle Bone Inscriptions was first published to the world by his book "Hidden Tortoise in Iron Clouds". In his early years, the examination hall was unfavorable, and he used to practice medicine and do business. From the 14th year of Guangxu (1888) to the 21st year, he successively entered the shogunate of Wu Da-□, the governor of Henan Province, and Zhang Yao, the governor of Shandong Province, and helped to control the Yellow River Project, with remarkable achievements. He was recommended to the Prime Minister's yamen as a local official. In the 23rd year of Guangxu (1897), he was hired by a foreign company as the manager of mining Shanxi minerals. Later, he participated in the drafting of the articles of association of Yufeng Company of Henan Mining Bureau, and made plans for mining Maha Gold Mine in Sichuan and Sifu Coal and Iron Mine in Quyan, Zhejiang Province, and became a comprador and broker of foreign businessmen. Twenty-six years (1900), Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, and Liu E bought Taicang Xiaomi from the allied forces and set up a stabilization bureau to relieve the hunger in Beijing. In thirty-four years (1908), the Qing court exiled him to Xinjiang on the charge of "selling grain in warehouses privately" and died in Urumqi the following year.

Liu E is famous and highly respected for writing Travel Notes of Lao Can. In addition, he also made a certain contribution to the establishment of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins.

Guan Tianpei Temple ●

There is an ancient and solemn ancestral temple in the East Street of Chuzhou City-Guanzhong Gong Jie Temple, which was built to commemorate the national hero Guan Tianpei.

Guan Tianpei (1781-1841) was born in Shanyang county, Huai 'an (now Huai 'an, Jiangsu). Born in the military, he has served as the commander-in-chief of Susong Town, the prefect of Jiangnan and the prefect of Guangdong Navy. In the First Opium War, he led the Qing army to bravely fight against the British invaders. 184 1 February 25, 2008, he died heroically in the battle with the British army in Jingyuan Fort, Humen, Guangzhou.

Sun Changqing, his confidant, escorted the body back to Huai 'an for burial, and set up an ancestral temple in the east street of the county seat to worship. Guan Zhong Min Ancestral Temple in East Street, Huai 'an County was originally three halls and two rooms, surrounded by antique flower wall courtyards. On the altar, the statue of Guan Tianpei's official uniform is lifelike, with a pair of relatives on each side, holding swords and books respectively. There is a long plaque on the door of the hall, "Guanzhong Festival Public Temple". Lin Zexu's Nanmu elegy inscribed by Zhou Muzhai, a great calligrapher, hangs on both sides of the temple. China has experienced many vicissitudes, and the original temples in Guan Tianpei have been destroyed by the war in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. At the beginning of liberation, the people's government restored Guan Zhong's memorial hall as it was, for guests to pay their respects, and encouraged the descendants of the Chinese people to inherit and carry forward the glorious tradition of patriotism of the Chinese nation and work hard to revitalize China.

Qing Yan Park ●

Qing Yan Park, formerly known as Chengnan Park, is located on the west side of Renmin South Road and the north side of Huancheng Road in Huaiyin City. It is the most representative classical garden in northern Jiangsu. She combines the openness of the north with the exquisiteness of the south, allowing tourists to enjoy the beautiful scenery during their play.

Qing Yan Park was built in the Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty, with a history of more than 300 years. It is the only well-preserved classical garden in Huaiyin, and the only well-preserved official garden in the history of water transport in China. According to Qinghe County Records, Qing Yan Park was once called Huaiyuan, Zhanyuan, Liuyuan and Chengnan Park. The name of Chengnan Park is the longest, and it was restored to the ancient name of "Qing Yan Park" from19910. There are pavilions, terraces, buildings, pavilions and rockeries in the park, with winding paths, long corridors and flowing water. The flowers in the four seasons are flourishing, beautiful and elegant.

● Huanghuatang New Fourth Army former site ●

Huanghuatang, from 10 to 10 in October to10 in September, is the residence of the New Fourth Army and the Central Central China Bureau.

Up to now, there are still two thatched cottages where Luo Binghui, commander of the Second Division, Rao Shushi, acting political commissar of the New Fourth Army, Ceng Shan, organization minister of the Central China Bureau, and Zhang, deputy commander, lived successively, and Lai Chuanzhu, chief of staff of the New Fourth Army, lived. There are Huanghuatang, Ceng Shan, Rao Shushi, Luchaitang ruins, Chen Yi's former residence and Xintang, where swimming places are located in summer, which were the main living water sources of the troops in that year. 1982 the former site of the new fourth army headquarters was announced by the Jiangsu provincial government as a provincial-level "cultural relics protection unit", and 1997 was announced as a "patriotic education base of the whole province".

Huaian folk custom

The second day of the second lunar month is one of the traditional folk festivals in Huai 'an, which is called "Dragon Head Up" or "Dragon Head Festival".

On February 2, the dragon looked up and everyone scraped the tap.

In the old days, there was a saying in Huai 'an that "people have money and no money to shave their heads for the New Year". It's been more than a month since February 2, and it's time to get a haircut. February 2 is an auspicious day to hold the dragon's head up. After a long time, the custom of shaving on February 2 has been formed. On February 2 nd, the dragon looked up and every child shaved his head. The same is true. For good luck, the word "dragon" was added in the middle of the haircut, which was called "shaving tap" to distinguish it from other haircuts. Some girls also chose this day to get their ears pierced. In addition, parents choose this day to send their children to school.

On February 2nd, every family picks up their daughters.

In the old society, the bride did not return in the first month, and the daughter-in-law did not become a monk in the first month. At the same time, there is also a superstition that "a married daughter can't look at her parents' lights in the first month, but she will die after watching her father-in-law", so she is not allowed to return to her family. For more than a month, the girl missed her mother, and her mother missed her, so February 2 was not only the first month, but also an auspicious day, so everyone took their daughters back to their parents' home.

On February 2 nd, the house beam was illuminated, and the scorpion centipede had nowhere to hide.

On this day, I lit the candles for Chinese New Year's offerings. Beams and walls kill pests. In addition, on this day, the children knocked the ladle dry with chopsticks and said, "On February 2, knocking on the ladle fork made nine mice blind." Knock on the small glass with chopsticks and say, "February 2, knock on the small glass, nine empty nests for ten mice" to drive away rats and kill them. Write a list of "On February 2nd, insects and ants went straight to the ground" with white paper, in which "insects and ants went straight to the ground" should be reversed and then pasted on the table or bed leg to avoid insects and ants.

On February 2 nd, the dragon looked up, full of money, and small of money.

It is also a folk custom to draw a grain depot or grain depot with blue gray, or draw circles of different sizes in front of children's doors, symbolizing the connection between the big circle and the small circle and praying for a bumper harvest. On February 2, some people also eat rice crust on New Year's Eve, and women are forbidden to use needlework. It is said that the dragon looks up at the east needle and thread, and his eyes will be hurt.

Huai 'an city has the characteristics of both north and south climate. Generally speaking, the south of the main irrigation canal in northern Jiangsu belongs to the humid monsoon climate in the north subtropical zone, and the north belongs to the semi-humid monsoon climate in the north temperate zone.

Specialty products mainly include: Huai 'an Pucai, Xishunhe Honghuasheng, Huaiyin Black Pig, Hongze Rice, Hongze Corbicula fluminea, Hongze Whitebait, Hongze Gorgon, Jinhu White Goose, Jinhu Gorgon, Jinhu Turtle, Lianshui Egg Cake, Xuyi Lobster, Huaiyin Sweet Potato Noodles, Lianshui, Lianshui Dried Radish and Qin.

There are also Huaiyang Lion Head, Huaicheng Pucai, Zhenfengyuan Wonton, Huaiyin Tofu Fragrance, Baitangwu General Crossing the Bridge Rice Noodles, Filtering salty porridge, Corn Sweet Potato Porridge, Qin Gong Maruko, Caojia Daoxiao Noodles, Crab, Whitebait, Huai 'an Crab, etc.