High school geography problems

Due to the different geographical distribution of animals and plants, as well as the regional differences in natural conditions and socio-economic conditions, a variety of stable and regional agricultural regional types have been formed in a certain region of the world.

First, tropical rain forest immigrant agriculture

Migration agriculture is an ancient and primitive mode of agricultural production. There is no fixed farmland in this farming method, and the cultivated land is selected in areas with dense forests and grasslands. Farmers cleared a piece of land in the forest through logging and burning, and planted crops in the original way. When the soil fertility of this land declines and plants can no longer grow, farmers give up this land to develop another land, so this kind of agriculture is called migration agriculture. This kind of agriculture is easy to cause soil erosion and the destruction of ecological balance. At present, immigrant agriculture is mainly distributed in lowland and hilly areas in tropical rain forest areas. The crops planted by immigrant agriculture are different.

Second, rice planting.

Rice planting is a unique agricultural type in humid tropical and subtropical regions. Mainly concentrated in the monsoon areas of East Asia, Southeast Asia and South Asia and the tropical rain forest areas of Southeast Asia. Rice planting is an intensive agriculture that requires a lot of labor. Rice cultivation in Asia has the following characteristics: first, small-scale peasant management; Second, the output per unit area is high, but the commodity rate is low; Third, the level of mechanization is low; Fourth, the amount of water conservancy projects is large; Fifth, the technical level is low. Problems and solutions: increase investment in science and technology, moderately expand planting scale, etc.

Third, planting agriculture.

Plantation agriculture is a large-scale intensive commercial agriculture that grows a single cash crop in tropical areas, which is widely distributed in Latin America, Southeast Asia, South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Although the production form of rubber farms in Hainan Island is similar to plantations, their nature, scale and management are quite different from plantations. Plantation agriculture is often engaged in large-scale production. The production and living facilities in the park are complete. Many plantations not only have agricultural and transportation machinery, but also have no road system, agricultural products processing plants, agricultural machinery repair shops, power supply and water supply, education and health facilities. These areas have many special plant resources, such as coffee, cocoa and tea. Banana, pineapple, mango; Oil palm, sisal, tobacco, cotton and jute play an important role in the world economic crops.

Production characteristics: a large-scale intensive farm planting a single cash crop.

Problems and solutions: Production and sales are mostly controlled by the market and capital of developed countries, and they are at a disadvantage in international trade.

Fourth, commodity grain agriculture.

Commodity grain agriculture is the main regional type of producing commodity grain in the world, and it is a market-oriented agricultural type. The crops planted are mainly wheat and corn. Mainly distributed in the United States, Canada, Argentina, Australia, Russia, Ukraine and other countries. Commodity grain agriculture in these countries is generally family-run, while commodity grain agriculture in China is generally state-owned.

Production characteristics: large-scale production and high degree of mechanization.

Problems and solutions: high agricultural cost and high energy consumption.

Five, pasture animal husbandry

Grassland grazing is a kind of agricultural regional type of large-scale commodity animal husbandry production. This kind of agriculture is often distributed in arid and semi-arid climate areas, with a vast land and a sparse population, and the surface is dominated by grassland vegetation, thus forming an agricultural regional type of grazing in large pastures. The main distribution areas are the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, South Africa and other countries and regions.

Production characteristics: high commodity rate, large production scale and good economic benefits.

Problems and solutions: improving transportation conditions, cultivating improved varieties, opening up water sources, planting feed, etc.

Six, dairy industry

Dairy industry is a market-oriented agricultural regional type formed with the development of the city, and its production target is dairy cows; Products are mainly milk and its products, such as milk powder, butter and cheese. The distance of the market and the supply of feed are two important factors affecting dairy production. Dairy farmers in the world should be located in the Great Lakes of North America, Western Europe, Central Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Dairy industry has also developed around big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, and the products are mainly fresh milk.

Seven. mixed farming

Mixed agriculture is a regional agricultural production mode that organically combines planting and animal husbandry on the same farm. There are various forms of mixed agriculture, but the production forms are relatively stable and widely distributed, and the commodity production has a certain scale. Economically developed countries only have mixed agriculture of grain and livestock. Therefore, the so-called mixed agriculture refers to the mixed agriculture of grain and livestock.

Distribution: Europe, North America, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. Pond production in the Pearl River Delta of China is a new type of mixed agriculture.

Production characteristics: benign agricultural ecosystem, effective production arrangement, strong market adaptability, large scale and high level of mechanization.

Problems and solutions: reasonable arrangement of labor force, water conservancy project construction, etc.

Eight, nomadic industry

Nomadic industry refers to a kind of self-sufficient agriculture mainly relying on grazing livestock, which is a typical extensive agriculture. This mode of production is suitable for arid areas where agriculture is difficult to settle down.

Nine. gardening

Horticulture is a commercial agriculture that provides vegetables, fruits and flowers for cities. The rise and development of this kind of agriculture is related to the acceleration of urbanization in the modern world. Farmers engaged in gardening are engaged in intensive and specialized production. Some only produce vegetables, and some even produce only a special purpose product. This kind of agriculture was generally distributed around big cities, and later there was a cross.

With the development of transportation and preservation technology, horticulture has also been developed in areas far away from cities but with suitable climatic conditions. Common: rice planting, commodity grain agriculture, ranch animal husbandry, dairy farming and mixed agriculture.