Information about the elementary school text Yan'an

Lesson 24 in the first book of the fourth grade of the elementary school "Language" (Humanistic Version) is a modern poem entitled Yan'an, I trace you back. In the text "Introduction", students are asked to "find relevant information to help understand". The following for the students to provide some information related to the text, for reference.

I. Information on the four "Pursuits"

The poem takes "Pursuits" as its clue, in which it writes about four places closely related to Yan'an. Look at these four lines -

The pursuit of you, the tinkling water of the Yanhe River,

The pursuit of you, the fragrance of the pear blossoms in the Zaoyuan Garden,

The pursuit of you, the stiletto of Nanniwan, the stiletto of Nanniwan, and the pursuit of you, the venue of the speech at Yangjialing.

So, here is involved in the "Yanhe", "Zaoyuan", "Nanniwan", "Yangjialing " are the most representative places in Yan'an, and the poet expresses his deep emotion and sincere call to the spirit of Yan'an.

"Yanhe" is a tributary of the Yellow River, which flows through Yan'an, and is a symbol of Yan'an, when many revolutionaries often discuss the reasoning of revolution on the side of Yanhe.

"Zaoyuan" and "Yangjialing" were once the residences of the Central Committee of China***. During this period, Mao Zedong and other central leaders and organs of the Central Committee of China*** commanded the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, led the Great Production Movement and the Rectification Movement, and convened the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Yan'an Literary and Artistic Symposium.

"Nanniwan" is the south gate of Yan'an, the Eighth Route Army 359 Brigade in this famous mass production campaign, is self-reliance, a flag of strength.

Second, the Nanniwan open

In 1939, in order to crush the enemy's economic blockade, the Party Central Committee put forward the "do it yourself, the rich food " call. Border area of the whole army and people carried out a vigorous campaign of production. The "Nanniwan" is a typical example of the mass production movement.

In May 1940, Zhu De, the Commander-in-Chief, returned to Yan'an from the Taihang Anti-Japanese Front, and Dong Biwu, Xu Teli, Zhang Dingcheng, Wang Shoudao, and so on to inspect the Yan'an Xichuan, passing by the Nanniwan, and saw that this part of the Nanniwan has fertile land, and immediately thought that why can't we reclaim this place? So, he put forward the "military reclamation policy", proposed by Wang Zhen brigade commander led by the 359 brigade reclamation Nanniwan.

?

In the spring of 1941, the Eighth Route Army 359 Brigade had a huge drive into Nanniwan. Nanniwan is a piece of wasteland, dozens of miles around uninhabited, living conditions, production conditions are very difficult. Troops do not have a house to live, no food and vegetables to eat, open production and no production tools, seeds and farm animals, faced with many difficulties. But this did not deter the tenacious soldiers, they sang "a stiletto a gun, production and construction to defend the Party Central Committee," the war song, began the mass production campaign.

? Thirty-five-nine brigade under the leadership of Wang Zhen, while tundra open land, while military training, in just three years time, the former deserted Nanniwan into everywhere is a crop, everywhere is the cattle and sheep of the "Shaananxi small Jiangnan", and to achieve self-sufficiency of the troops of the food and funds, but also to the border government to pay the rations of 10,000 quintals.

In 1943, Mao Zedong personally inscribed Wang Zhen with the words "creative spirit" and awarded all the generals of the 39th Brigade, naming them "pioneers of economic development".

Nanniwan has become a shining example of the mass production movement, and the revolutionary spirit of self-reliance and hard work is called the "Nanniwan Spirit". In February 1943, the General Administration of the Eighth Route Army filmed a film called Nanniwan. In February 1943, the General Administration of the Eighth Route Army film troupe filmed "Nanniwan" film, which the Nanniwan spirit is summarized as "self-reliance, hard work, and strive for strength".

Third, Yangjialing speech?

From November 1938 to March 1947, the central government was stationed at Yangjialing, 2.5 kilometers north of Yan'an city. Here has built the Central Auditorium, the Central Office Building, 14 holes of stone kilns, 19 holes of interface stone kilns, more than 100 tile rooms, and dug more than 100 holes of earth kilns in the hillside.

The institutions set up in Yangjialing include the Central Office, Organization Department, Propaganda Department, United Front Work Department, Rural Work Department, Political Research Office, Finance and Economy Committee, Rural Work Committee, Youth Work Committee, Women's Work Committee, and the Central Secretariat. From a height, the Central Office looks like an airplane, so people often call it "airplane building".

Mao Zedong lived in Yangjialing from November 1938 to early 1943, where he wrote many writings, including The May Fourth Movement, The Direction of the Youth Movement, and New Democracy, which are included in Mao Zedong's Anthology. Economic and Financial Problems during the Anti-Japanese Period, and 40 others. The inscription "Do it yourself, get enough food" was written in the Yangjialing residence.

Then, "Yangjialing speech" mainly refers to the important speech in the Central Auditorium. Here is an example.

In November 1944, Mao Zedong received all the cadres of the Eighth Route Army's 359th Brigade south of the Central Auditorium, and educated them to learn two skills: one is the skill of the pine tree, which is principled, and grows in any place that is upright: the other is the skill of the willow, which is flexible, and can be inserted wherever it is alive.

On April 20, 1945, the Sixth Plenum of the Central Committee of the **** Expanded Seventh Plenary Session of the Central Committee was held in the ballroom of the Central Auditorium to discuss and adopt the Resolution on a number of historical issues.

April 23 to June 11, 1945, held in the Central Auditorium of the great historical significance of the Seventh National Congress of the Chinese ****anufacturing Party. June 19, the Central **** Central Committee held the First Plenary Session of the Seventh Plenary Session, elected Mao Zedong as the Central Committee and Chairman of the Central Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, and elected Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, and Ren Buti Shi, Secretary of the Central Committee Secretariat.

Fourth, Jujube Garden

This was originally the orchard of the ragged landowner Shen You'an, who later sold the garden and the kilns in it to Gao Shuangcheng, a warlord in northern Shaanxi province. The central government in Yan'an confiscated it and took it into public ownership. in early 1939, the central social department lived here and renamed it "Yan Yuan".

After 1942, the Central Committee built more than 20 kilns, 80 cottages and a small hall in Zaoyuan. Mao Zedong completed his writings here, such as "Study and the Current Situation", "The Current Situation after the Victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and Our Approach", and 28 of them were included in the Selected Works of Mao Zedong.

Once, when receiving cadres returning from the front here, Mao Zedong said, "You have just returned to Yan'an from the front, and you have to get used to the kilns in Yan'an. Yan'an's kiln is the most revolutionary, with Marxism, can command the victory of the war of resistance against Japan, the whole country's people put their hopes on us, that is, in Yan'an's kiln, you have to look up to Yan'an's kiln ah!" In February 1950, Mao Zedong gave the people of Zaoyuan in Yan'an inscribed "carry forward the revolutionary tradition; strive for greater glory" couplet.

Fifth, Pagoda Mountain and other four mountains

Pagoda Mountain, Qingliang Mountain, Phoenix Mountain, Wanhua Mountain are four famous mountains in Yan'an.

Baota Mountain on the Yan'an Pagoda (also known as Ling Shan Temple Tower) was built more than 1,300 years ago in the Tang Dynasty during the Dali, 44 meters high, eight prongs of the nine-story pavilion-style structure, erect and beautiful, towering over the clouds, has become a symbol of the Revolutionary Mecca of Yan'an. Pagoda Mountain and Qingliang Mountain are far away from each other, if you want to shoot a panoramic view of the Pagoda, on Qingliang Mountain can be.

Cheongliang Mountain is located in the center of the city of Yan'an, across the Yan River and Pagoda Mountain and Phoenix Mountain confrontation. During the Yan'an period, Xinhua News Agency, Xinhua Radio, Jiefang Daily (News Memorial Hall), Xinhua Bookstore (in Cave No. 5), the Central Printing House (in the courtyard of the Ten Thousand Buddhas Monastery) and other news organizations were located in Qingliang Mountain, so Qingliang is also known as the "News Mountain".

Phoenix Mountain is the northwest corner of the city of Yan'an, where the Central Committee of the People's Republic of China (CPC) lived from January 1937 to November 1938, and where the Central Committee of the People's Republic of China (PRC) lived.

Wanhua Mountain is located in the middle of Dufu River, 15 kilometers southwest of Yan'an city. During the Yan'an period, Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi and Zhou Enlai left their ink treasures here.

VI. Full Poem Transcription - "Yan'an, I Put You in Pursuit"

Like swallows returning to their home,

in pursuit of the springtime of yesteryear;

Like a thriving tree,

in pursuit of the rain and the sun.

Tracing you, the tinkling water of the Yanhe River,

Tracing you, the fragrance of the pear blossoms in the Zaoyuan Garden,

Tracing you, the stiletto of the Nanniwan open field,

Tracing you, the meeting place of the Yangjialing speech.

Rows and rows of high-rise buildings are like bamboo shoots,

A piece of household appliances is full of color;

We bid farewell to the dilapidated thatched huts forever,

but we can't forget the warm kang of the kiln caves in Yan'an.

The space shuttle explores the mysteries of the universe,

Electronic computers play a wonderful symphony;

We do not hesitate to throw away the old oxen and broken carts,

but we can not throw away the Baotashan spine of the heavens and the earth.

Yan'an, your spirit is brilliant!

If once lost you, ah,

it is as if without a soul,

how can you spread your wings and fly to a better future?

Ah! Yan'an, I put you in pursuit,

The pursuit of faith, the pursuit of golden ideals;

The pursuit of warmth, the pursuit of bright spring light,

The pursuit of light, the pursuit of the fiery red sun!