What are the folk customs, culture and art of She nationality?

In the process of migration, the She nationality created rich and colorful culture and art with distinctive national characteristics while developing and cultivating the soil. She nationality is rich in literature and art, and folk songs are the main body of She nationality literature, which are mostly expressed in the form of singing in She nationality language. So she literature is basically folk oral literature. On festive days, they often sing, even when they are working in the mountains and fields, visiting relatives and friends to welcome guests. There are about 1000 folk songs handed down, with 40,000 lines. Among the long narrative poems, the most famous one is Song of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Song of Gaudi, also known as Song of Pangu, Song of Dragon Emperor and Song of King Panhu, is a seven-character epic with three or four hundred sentences. In the form of myth, it tells the story that Pan Hu, the ancestor of She nationality, braved hardships and made great achievements and gave birth to descendants such as Pan, Lan, Lei and Zhong. It reflects the primitive religious belief and totem worship of She nationality. In particular, they also painted this legend into a cartoon portrait, called Zutu, that is, on a piece of cloth more than ten feet long, more than 40 portraits of this legend were painted in series on a scroll with colored pens and treasured for generations. She folk songs can be seen everywhere and expressed in the form of singing in She language. Think twice about your relatives during the festive season. Even when working in Shan Ye, visiting relatives and friends to welcome guests, we often talk with songs. There are about 1000 folk songs handed down, with 40,000 to 50,000 lines. The singing forms of She nationality are solo, duet and chorus. Among them, unaccompanied folk songs are the favorite folk songs of the She people. "Double-tone" is a singing method of two-part duet that she nationality is good at, also known as "double-tone falling".

Exquisite knitting technique

Hard-working and simple She women are not only experts in production, but also skilled craftsmen in weaving and embroidery. Their handicrafts are rich in variety, bright in color and unique in style. Such as woven belt, also known as towel belt, that is, flower belt, with diverse patterns and beautiful color matching. Woven hats, with exquisite patterns and exquisite craftsmanship, are decorated with pink ribbons, leucorrhea and various beads, which are more ethnic and are the favorite decorations of She women. Embroidered handkerchiefs or ribbons carefully woven by She girls are the best symbol of love for beloved couples. After liberation, this technology has been further developed and become a sought-after tourism product and export product. Ribbon and bamboo weaving are the most praised weaving techniques of She nationality. Ribbon is a flower belt, also called a towel belt. She girls have been learning to weave ribbons with their mothers since they were five or six years old. The fineness of ribbon is an important criterion to measure the ingenuity of girls. She nationality region is rich in carnation, bamboo, Dendrocalamus latiflorus and Phyllostachys praecox, which provides rich raw materials for the production of bamboo weaving crafts. Women's dresses of She nationality are slightly different from place to place, and their * * * feature is that there are more embroidery on them. In particular, the blouses of Fuding and Xiapu in Fujian have various embroidery patterns, flowers, birds, dragons and phoenixes on their collars, lapels, clothes buckets and even cuffs. The most important dress of She women is "phoenix dress".

Unique national movement

She nationality has always attached importance to sports activities, and there are many sports activities, such as martial arts, mountaineering, "big and small dramas", "riding stones", "riding seahorses" and bamboo forest competitions. The most famous martial art of She nationality is She nationality boxing, followed by sticks. She nationality boxing is an original creation of She nationality, which has a history of more than 300 years. The creator's name is Lei Wulong, and people respectfully call him "Oolong Gong". The main movements of She Boxing are rushing, twisting, pushing, releasing, cutting, grasping, poking, kicking, sweeping and jumping. She Wushu can be divided into stick and fist. There are many kinds of sticks, and the names of actions are complex and diverse. Boxing is very popular. As a part of boxing, there are amazing acupoints. Old boxers who are proficient in martial arts generally know acupuncture and medical skills. However, She Wude has yet to be further sorted out and excavated.

A long history of wine-making culture

There is a precious green Qu liquor in Jingning Mountain area, which is the crystallization of the wisdom of the She people. It is said that it was handed down in the second year of Tang Yongtai (766), with a history of about 1200 years. Due to the low level of local productivity, the backward mode of cultural communication, the concept of self-restraint, and other objective factors, the She nationality Qingqu wine has experienced vicissitudes in its inheritance and almost died out. However, due to the relatively closed, conservative and unobtrusive living space in Jingning mountain area in southwest Zhejiang Province since ancient times, the influence of She nationality Qingqu liquor has been endless. 1984, the State Council announced the establishment of the only Jingning She Autonomous County in China. The descendants of the She nationality commemorate their ancestors. After a long period of excavation, sorting and research and development, the quality of She nationality's green qu liquor was comprehensively evaluated and its brand was upgraded, and it was named "Baisuimen 1984 She nationality's green qu liquor", which inherited the health-keeping culture and promoted the national spirit. Compared with other famous wines, Jingning Society's Qingqu liquor is all distilled from grain. The difference lies in its unique secondary brewing technology-adding rice-brewed liquor into the cellar for secondary brewing. After long-term sun exposure and low-temperature storage, the liquor body is fully absorbed, containing the natural color and fragrance of natural crops in mountainous areas, and then filtered and naturally aged for many times. The wine body is naturally pure golden yellow and green, and the wine liquid is clear and transparent, just like the emerald in Shan Ye; Fresh and elegant mountain grass fragrance, gentle and elegant, smooth entrance, pure and quiet, mature and elegant, unique style. Jingning She Qingqu Liquor is based on natural raw materials in the deep mountains, advocating natural health, respecting traditional culture and attaching importance to modern science and technology, which meets the requirements of people returning to nature. Moreover, the brewing raw materials are taken from pollution-free natural products, and are rich in natural and effective active nutrients, such as grape polyphenols, tea polyphenols, anthocyanins, icariin, aromatic oil, natural antioxidants, etc., which have anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-allergy, anti-fatigue, physical fitness, sexual function improvement, skin elasticity and smoothness, irritability, dizziness, fatigue, memory loss and other symptoms, and have strong effects of delaying aging and enhancing immunity.

Custom festival

rice wine

In history, she people migrated everywhere and their material life was particularly simple. They "tied the Lushan Valley, covered it with wool tiles, woven bamboo as fences, and cut it as the" March 3 "of the She nationality.

Xuan ",live in groups. Usually live in thatched houses and houses with wooden roofs. Nowadays, with the change of the living standard of the She people, more and more people are building small buildings. Fire Dragon and Tang Huo are an indispensable couple in the family life of She nationality. Due to the cold climate in the mountainous area, coupled with severe winter and December, the whole family sat around the fireplace to keep warm. There are less paddy fields, more dry land, less rice planting and more miscellaneous grains in the mountainous areas of She nationality. They usually take sweet potato rice mixed with rice as their staple food. Pure rice is only used when entertaining VIPs. They like to eat shrimp skin, kelp and tofu. You like to drink rice wine and ale.

Dress

The traditional costumes of She nationality are colorful. The clothing of She nationality advocates cyan, and the material is mostly self-woven linen. At present, the clothing of She nationality men is no different from that of Han nationality, while some She nationality women in eastern Fujian and southern Zhejiang still have distinct national styles. The collar, cuffs and right lapel are inlaid with lace, and there is a habit of wearing shorts and leggings. In particular, women's hairstyles are different from those of the Han nationality. Girls like to tie red wool into their hair, braid it into long braids and wear it on their heads. Married women usually wear decorations, that is, a small and exquisite bamboo tube is wrapped with a red cloth handkerchief, and a foot long and an inch wide HongLing is hung under it. Women of different ages, old and young, also have black, blue or red wool in their hair. The crown is decorated with a round silver medal, and three small silver medals are hung on the card; Hanging on her forehead, the She people call it Longji, which means the rockhopper worn by "Yincui gorge" (according to legend, Emperor Gao Xin betrothed Yincui gorge to Tiger Pan, who had made great achievements in cutting dogs. There is also a silver hairpin on the crown, and it will be particularly gorgeous and dazzling if you put on a silver collar, chain, bracelet and earrings.

marriage customs

Before liberation, the marriage and family of She nationality generally practiced monogamy, and still retains simple marriage customs. Generally speaking, the same surname is not married, but the four surnames of Pan, Lan, Lei and Zhong within the nation are married. It turns out that external marriage is a traditional marriage custom of She nationality. However, due to the national oppression and discrimination policies of the rulers of past dynasties, the marriage between the She nationality and the Han nationality was forbidden, which was once a kind of clan rule within the She nationality. After liberation, with the implementation of the policy of equality and unity among ethnic groups, the intermarriage between the She nationality and the Han nationality is increasing. In ancient times, young men and women of She nationality had a tradition of free love, and it was the custom of her ancestors to get married by singing. However, with the development of feudal landlord economy and the influence of Han nationality's concept of marriage, the feudal buying and selling arrangement of She nationality's marriage before liberation was very serious. It was abolished after liberation, and now young men and women of She nationality can basically fall in love freely and get married independently. The form of funeral is burial, which retains the custom of reburial.

traditional festival

The festivals of the She nationality mainly include the Dragon Boat Festival on the third day of the third lunar month, the seventh day of July, the beginning of autumn Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Double Ninth Festival and the Spring Festival. In addition, the 15th of February, 15th of July and 15th of August in the lunar calendar are the ancestral worship days of the She nationality. She people attach great importance to traditional festivals and ancestor worship. February, July and August 15th are ancestor worship days, and people believe in ghosts and gods. When offering sacrifices to ancestors, two glasses of wine, a cup of tea, three meats and three vegetables, six bowls of dishes, and candied fruit in different seasons. During the festival, except for wine and meat, there are certain traditional habits for eating anything in every festival. But no matter what festival, we should make Ciba. Besides killing chickens and ducks, adults should also make Ciba on their birthdays. "March 3rd" is a traditional festival of She nationality, which is held every year on the third day of the third lunar month. Its main activity is to go for an outing and eat black rice to commemorate our ancestors, also known as "Ebony Day". Black rice is to dye glutinous rice black with the juice of a plant. According to legend, in the Tang Dynasty, the leaders of the She nationality, Lei Wanxing and Lan Fenggao, led the She people to rebel against the ruling class at that time and were besieged by the imperial army in the mountains. The soldiers lived for a year by eating a kind of wild fruit called "black rice", and rushed out of the encirclement on March 3 of the following year to win. In order to commemorate them, people regard March 3 as a festival and eat "black rice" to commemorate them. During the festival, dozens of nearby She people gathered in the concert hall, singing from morning till night, including praising Pan Hu and remembering their ancestors. The whole Sheshan is immersed in the ocean of songs. In the evening, every household eats "black rice". Late at night, ancestor worship activities were held. In addition, the She people also celebrate the Spring Festival. In addition to killing chickens and pigs during the Spring Festival, we should also make Ciba. I wish you good luck in the new year and every day is sweet. On the first morning, the whole family paid homage to "the founder of Pangu", and the old man talked about the difficulty of starting a business in his ancestors. Later, the family got together, sang folk songs and gave gifts. Young men and women walk from one village to another, expressing their feelings and exchanging friendship with songs.