Information about bird knowledge

There are about 1 185 species of birds in China, accounting for more than 30% of the total number of birds in the world, of which migratory birds account for 40%.

1, Ling Boxian-Stray Birds

Birds are good at flying, diving and foraging in water, but they are not good at walking. There are more than 70 species of migratory birds in our province, mostly distributed in Jianghan Lake Group such as Honghu Lake, Shenhu Lake, Longgan Lake and Liangzi Lake, which are winter migratory birds. The famous "Honghu wild ducks and geese" belong to this category.

2, the god of wetlands-wading birds

Wetland is the richest natural environment on the earth, including aquatic insects, mollusks, crustaceans, fish, shrimps, frogs and other animals and plants, which provide abundant food for wading birds, and those lush aquatic plants provide good hiding places for wading birds. Most wading birds have the characteristics of long mouth, long neck and long legs. The ecological environment in the waters of our province is more suitable for wading birds. In recent years, the number of wading birds in our province has greatly increased and distributed more and more widely. There are common egrets.

3. Eagle in the air-Raptor

Raptors have powerful wings, sharp curved mouths, claws and keen eyes. They can rise and fall quickly, silently and freely, and hunt prey accurately. There are 5/kloc-0 species of raptors in our province, including golden eagle, white-tailed sea eagle and kestrel.

4. Climbing champion-Climbing bird

The climbing ability of a bird is well-deserved. With strong toes and tight tail feathers, they can firmly attach themselves to the trunk. Among the climbing birds, there are many insect-eating birds, such as woodpeckers, cuckoos and nighthawks.

5. Race walkers-land birds

Terrestrial birds have thick legs and feet, dull claws suitable for digging, strong physique, hard mouth, short and round wings and are not good at flying far. There are obvious differences between male and female feathers, and males are generally more gorgeous. The breeding period is often one male and many females, and there are fierce courtship behaviors and complex courtship performances between males. Such as white-crowned long-tailed pheasant, red-bellied golden pheasant, white-necked long-tailed pheasant and so on. Land birds are divided into quail chickens and pigeons.

6. The uncrowned king-songbirds

In the bird kingdom, songbirds are a large group with great vitality and color. There are the most kinds of songbirds, and most of them feed on insects. They are natural enemies of agricultural and forestry pests, such as grey magpie, magpie and oriole. Songbirds are light in posture, bright in feathers, euphemistic in singing and more enjoyable.

Fastest bird: Swift with a pointed tail usually flies at a speed of 170km/h, and the fastest can reach 352.5km/h, so it can be called the fastest bird.

Fastest bird: ostrich, 72 km/h.

The most birds in the world.

The fastest bird to swim: Papua penguin, 27.4 km/h.

The smallest bird and the smallest bird's egg: Many people know that hummingbirds are the smallest birds in the world, but this statement is not very accurate, because there are about 365,438+05 species of hummingbirds in the world, which are distributed from Alaska in North America to strait of magellan in South America and many islands in the middle. Their bodies are also very different. The largest hummingbird is 2 1.5 cm long, but it can't be said to be the smallest bird in the world. The hummingbird produced in Cuba is only 5.6 cm long, of which the beak and tail account for about half, and the weight is only about 2 grams, which is about the size of a bee. This hummingbird is the smallest bird in the world, and its egg is also the smallest bird's egg in the world, not much bigger than a full stop. Hummingbirds' feathers are mostly bright and metallic. Their flying skills are superb, they can fly upside down, take off and land vertically, and their wings vibrate very fast, up to 50 ~ 70 times per second, so they are called "God Birds", "Comets", "Goddess of the Forest" and "Corolla". In recent years, many places in China have claimed to have found hummingbirds, but they are all misinformed.

The largest bird: The largest bird in the world is the African ostrich that lives in Africa and Arabia. He is 2-3 meters tall and weighs about 56 kilograms, with a maximum weight of 75 kilograms. But it can't fly. Its egg weight is about 1.5 kg and its length is about 17.8 cm, which is equal to the total weight of 30-40 eggs. It is the largest bird egg at present.

Bird with the widest wingspan: wandering albatross, 3.63 meters.

The largest bird: Cory bird, which lives in southeast Africa, has a wing length of 2.56 meters and weighs about 18 kg, making it the heaviest bird in the world.

The heaviest bird: Great bustard, male weight 18kg.

The smallest raptor: Borneo Falcon, with a body length of 150 cm and a weight of 35 grams.

Birds with the most feathers: swans, more than 25,000.

Birds with the least feathers: hummingbirds, less than 1000.

The bird with the longest feathers: Rhododendron paradise, whose tail feathers are more than twice as long.

Longest-lived bird: There are many long-lived birds. For example, the average life span of large seabird albatross is 50-60 years old, and large parrot can live to about 100 years old. There is an Amazon parrot named Jamie in Liverpool, England. Born in1870,65438+February 3rd, died in 1975,165438+1October 5th, at the age of 104. Is it a bird? Quot longevity "

Wang Albatross, the longest-lived ringed seabird, lived for more than 60 years.

The longest-lived caged bird: cockatoo sunflower, over 80 years old.

Fastest bird: Swift with a pointed tail usually flies at a speed of 170km/h, and the fastest can reach 352.5km/h, so it can be called the fastest bird.

The fastest sprinting bird: peregrine falcon, which can reach 180 km/h when diving to catch prey.

The fastest bird flying horizontally: European eiderdown duck, 76 km/h.

The slowest bird: woodchuck, 8 km/h.

The bird with the highest flapping frequency: horned hummingbird, 90 times/second.

The slowest flapping bird: vultures glide for hours without flapping their wings.

The bird with the longest flight time: the golden pheasant of North America, flew for 35 hours at a speed of 90 km/h and crossed the sea surface of more than 2,000 km.

The highest flying bird: Swan and alpine vulture are the highest flying birds. They can both fly over Mount Everest, the roof of the world, flying over 9000 meters, or they may hit a steep ice cliff and die.

The farthest bird: Arctic tern is the farthest bird. It is a medium-sized bird, used to living in the daytime, so it is called "daytime bird". When night falls in the Antarctic, it flies to the distant North Pole. Because the day and night in the North and South poles are just the opposite, and the North Pole is the day. Every June, he gave birth to a child in the North Pole. In August, he led the child to migrate to the south, flew over the earth, arrived near the South Pole in June+February, 5438, stayed until the beginning of March of the following year, and then went north again. Arctic terns travel back and forth between the poles every year, flying over 40 thousand kilometers. Because it always lives in a place where the sun never sets, people also call it a "daytime bird".

The fiercest bird: the vulture in the Andes, which lives between the cliffs of the Andes in South America, can reach 1.2 meters in length and spread its wings up to 3 meters. It has a strong and curved "iron mouth" and sharp claws, and specializes in eating live animals, not only small and medium-sized animals such as deer, sheep and rabbits, but also large mammals such as cougars, so it is also called "the bird that eats lions" and "the king of birds".

Bird with the longest tail feather: Japanese long-tailed chicken bred by artificial hybridization, the tail feather length is amazing, generally 6-7 meters, and the longest record is1one bred in 974, which is 12.5 meters. If it stands on a four-story balcony, its tail feather can be dragged to the bottom, so it is also the longest bird feather in the world.

Birds with the biggest difference between male and female weight: Great bustard living in the northern part of Eurasia has the biggest difference between male and female weight. The male body weight is 1 1 ~ 12 kg, while the female body weight is only 5 ~ 6 kg.

Birds with the longest beak peak: Toucans living in South America are the birds with the longest beak peak, and its beak peak length is about 1 meter, which is very strange.

Longest beak: Australian pelican, 47 cm long.

The widest beak: the whalebone, with a width of 12 cm.

Bird who learned the most words: african grey parrot, who learned more than 800 words.

The best bird to sing: wetland reed warbler, imitating more than 60 kinds of birds.

The most complex nest: the nest of the African weaver bird, which is also the largest male nest with more than 300 nests.

The largest bird's nest: the vulture's nest, 6 meters long and 2.9 meters wide.

The smallest nest: the hummingbird's nest, only the size of a thimble.

Birds that lay the fewest eggs: Albatrosses only lay one egg every year, which is the bird that lays the fewest eggs.

Birds that lay the most eggs: grey partridge, with 15 ~ 19 birds per nest.

Birds with the longest incubation period: Albatrosses are also birds with the longest incubation period, which usually takes 75 ~ 82 days.

Birds with the latest sexual maturity: albatross chicks also have the longest sexual maturity process among birds, which takes 9 ~ 12 years.

The largest bird egg fossil:1Before the middle of the 7th century, there was an elephant bird in life in south, Madagascar, which is now extinct. The fossil egg of elephant bird is 35.6 cm long, which is equivalent to the size of 148 eggs. This is by far the largest bird egg fossil found in the world.

The largest bird fossil: The largest bird fossil is a dinosaur, estimated to be 5 meters high. It first lived in Madagascar and became extinct in the 7th century.