What was Weiqi like in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties?

During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, there was a man in Haining, Zhejiang Province who loved playing Go. His surname is Fan and his first name is Fan Lu. Fan Lu is obsessed with Weiqi all day, but unfortunately his skill in Weiqi is always not high. One day, Fan Lu was playing chess with friends at home, and his 3-year-old son Fan Xiping was pointing at him. His son always looks at the chessboard and babbles. Fan Lu likes to surround himself when he sees his youngest son.

Chess, very happy, he passed on his hobby to his son.

Knowing that his Go talent is not good, Fan Li pinned all his hopes on his son Fan Xiping. Fan Lu is afraid that his son will be as bad as himself. He decided to take Fan Xiping to visit Tang Guo Zhen and Zhang Weishi, the famous Go players in the village. Soon, Fan Xiping's chess skills improved day by day.

Soon, the chess skills of the two teachers were not as good as those of Fan Xiping. Fan Lu sent him to worship Yu Changhou, a famous chess player in Shanyin County. Yu Changhou ranked third in chess. Fan Xiping has made faster progress under the guidance of this famous teacher. Thanks to his talent and hard work, 12-year-old Fan Xiping can already be on a par with his teacher Yu Changhou.

Three years later, Fan Xiping achieved something. He beat his teacher. Fan Xiping and Yu Changhou tied 10, and Yu Changhou couldn't cope with the fierce attack of student Fan Xiping, so he defeated 10. From then on, Yu Changhou retired from chess and never played chess with anyone again.

/kloc-At the age of 0/6, Fan Xiping became a world-famous national player. Two years later, when Fan Xiping became a proud chess player, there was only one person in China who could compete with Fan Xiping in Go, and that was Shi Xiangxiang, who was one of the "Four Masters" with Fan Xiping. However, Shi is a thinker, and his thinking is not as agile and flexible. When they were playing chess, Shi often locked his eyebrows and meditated, but he couldn't come up with a piece for a long time.

On the other hand, Fan Xiping is much more relaxed, and Fan Xiping seems to have completely ignored the chess game. After that, he should be a child. He knew that Shi Xiangxiang had to think about it for a long time and went to bed.

On one occasion, Fan Xiping and Shi Xiangxiang were at war, and the situation in Fan Xiping was very critical. Chess players think that Fan Xiping will lose, and there is no hope of winning.

Fan Xiping remained calm, only thought for a while and gave birth to a son. Sure enough, this son made the situation in Fan Xiping better, and a full plate of dead chess actually survived, which was praised by Shi Xiangxiang, and people watching chess were amazed.

When they were in Qianlong for four years, they were invited by Danghu scholar Zhang Yongnian to teach him to play chess. Invited two famous chess players to play this game as a demonstration, and played the famous "Danghu Ten Games" with the stone.

Ten innings in Danghu is extremely thrilling. It is the most exquisite masterpiece of Fan Xiping and Shi Xiangxiang in their lives, and it is also the pinnacle of ancient games in China.

Their chess skills are far above many players, and there are only a few people in the country who can play with them. Generally, experts have to give up their children before they can start fighting, which shows the fierce points of Fan Xiping and Shi Xiangxiang.

There is also a story about Fan Xiping letting his son play chess.

It is said that in the early years of Jiaqing, Fan Xiping went to Shanghai. At that time, the best player in Hong Kong was Ni Kerang, followed by Gong Jialu and others, but neither of them was Fan Xiping's opponent.

One day, Fan Xiping came to the Yuyuan Garden. He saw someone playing chess and stopped. He watched it for a while, and when he saw that the guest was going to lose, he kindly gave advice to the guest. The bystander was very unhappy and said to Fan Xiping, "This is gambling. Onlookers can't talk much. Since you can play chess, why not decide for yourself? "

Fan Xiping smiled. He took out four silver coins from his pocket and said to everyone, "This is my bet. Who will play a game with me? "

People on the side saw so much money that they thought Fan Xiping was so rich that he couldn't play chess. So people compete to play with Fan Xiping.

Fan Xiping went on to say, "I'm not afraid of others talking when playing chess. You can play with me. If I lose, you can split the money! "

Everyone burst into laughter. But they soon stopped laughing. They lost five games in a row, and every time they didn't score a third, the players who played against Fan Xiping were at a loss. Even if they cooperate, they always lose on the road against Fan Xiping.

So someone hurried to report to the chess player Gong Jialu. After Gong Jialu arrived, Fan Xiping was calm and promised to let his third son play games with him. Gong Jialu soon lost. Fan Xiping gave up again, but Gong Jialu still lost. Everyone suddenly blindsided and had to move in the last reinforcements, Nikrang.

Nick heard the wind and recognized it at once. Without saying anything, Nikrang reached forward and messed up the chessboard. He told everyone: "This is the best Mr. Fan in the world. How can you be his opponent! "

Shocked, they came forward to apologize to Fan Xiping and blamed themselves for their ignorance. The news that Fan Xiping came to Shanghai soon spread, and the rich people in Shanghai asked him to teach chess.

Fan Xiping's chess style is very flexible. He doesn't pay much attention to the gains and losses of one city and one place, but thinks more about the overall situation. Fan Xiping's specific skills are also changing from time to time, which makes many players convinced, so they give Fan Xiping a high evaluation.

Fan Xiping not only learned all previous experiences, but also created and developed Weiqi through his own understanding. What is valuable about Fan Xiping is that he doesn't think that Go will stop when it develops to himself. He believes that the development of Go is endless.

Through several short stories of Fan Xiping, we can know that the level of chess in China was improved rapidly in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

The development of Go in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties is mainly manifested in the emergence of schools in Ming and Qing Dynasties and the spread of Go among the people.

During the Ming Dynasty and Jiajing period, Weiqi formed three famous schools: one was Yongjia School headed by Yongjia Renbao, followed by Xu Xisheng and others; First, Xin 'an School, headed by Cheng and others, with Wang Shu, Fang Ziqian and others attached; The first is the Shi Jing School headed by Beijingers Yan Lun and Li Fu.

These three schools have different styles and different emphasis on attack and defense, but they are all famous players at that time. Driven by the three major schools of Weiqi, Weiqi, which has long been monopolized by court nobles and literati, began to develop among the citizens.

At that time, a large number of "Lane Villains" players emerged. Through frequent folk competitions, Go has been further popularized and developed.

With the prosperity of Weiqi entertainment activities, a large number of Weiqi handbooks compiled by some folk players appeared, such as Feeling Record by Lin Yinglong, a scholar in Ming Dynasty, and Stone Chamber Fairy Machine by Xu Gu, a writer in Ming Dynasty, which were all valuable works at that time. From these manuals, we can get a glimpse of the development of Go technology and theory at that time.

Manchu absorbed and advocated Chinese culture in Qing dynasty, which also made Go entertainment activities develop highly in Qing dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, famous artists came forth in large numbers, and chess houses were unprecedentedly prosperous. There were a large number of famous artists in the early Qing Dynasty, among which Guo Boling, Shan Dayou and Wu Ruicheng were the most famous.

In particular, the two volumes of Zi Si Pu written by Guo Boling, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, were revised and annotated in detail according to the old methods of the Ming Dynasty, making Zi Si Pu an immortal masterpiece in the history of Weiqi.

During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Weiqi, which integrates science, art and competition, has the characteristics of developing intelligence, cultivating will quality and flexible strategic and tactical ideas, thus gradually developing into a cultural competitive activity suitable for all ages.

Different from chess, Go carries more China cultural and artistic thinking. Chess is not as artistic as Weiqi, so Weiqi is listed as one of the four great arts in ancient China.

Traditional art in China focuses on aesthetics, and Weiqi, like music, calligraphy and painting, can give people a sense of beauty. Go, whether it is a chess set or a chess posture, whether it is a chess theory or a chess posture, has an unspeakable beauty in it.

Due to the unique cultural color of our country, Weiqi has its unique cultural value from the beginning. It is not only an intelligent game, but also an enlightenment tool for self-cultivation.

Since the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the passage of time, the meaning of Go has been constantly evolving, but some China colors of Go still cannot be erased.

The vigorous development of Weiqi in the Qingming period of Yuan Dynasty also made the requirements for the intelligence of chess players more and more strict. Specifically, the board of Go seems to be very small, but it is actually very big and contains too much wisdom. If a chess player is too narrow-minded, thinks too little, or only looks at the chess in front of him without considering the overall situation, then he can't win chess.

Therefore, in the process of playing chess, we should solve the problem through tricks and ideas. For example, players win games by rolling dice. Among them, the most important thing is the overall view, which is a necessary condition to win chess in Go.

Having said that, it also raises a very important question, that is, the psychological problems of Go, including mental health and psychological quality. Go can exercise psychological endurance. When at a disadvantage, players will keep fighting and want to turn defeat into victory. Of course, there are always winners and losers. No matter how powerful a player is, he may not always be a winner. This is normal. Although Weiqi is only a game or competition, there are endless thoughts about Weiqi and China traditional culture, Weiqi and other aspects of being a man. Therefore, Go is an indispensable part of China's excellent culture.