How much do you know about the customs of Tianjin Mid-Autumn Festival?

On the occasion of the Mid-Autumn Festival, the folk customs in China are colorful. In the memory of the Wei generation in Tianjin, the Mid-Autumn Festival in the past was more interesting than it is now, so let the old calendar introduce you to the Mid-Autumn Festival custom in old Tianjin.

Yue Bai Yue Bai is the highlight of Tianjin Mid-Autumn Festival. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, the jade plate hangs high and the moonlight is like silver. Each family set up a console table in the yard to worship the moon god. The offerings include pomegranate, watermelon, apples, moon cakes, yellow incense and thousands of gold ingots. Women in the family burn incense to Yue Bai in order of age, which is called "Yue Bai" in folk customs.

Because the legendary lunar Xing Jun is a woman's idol, she is in charge of everything such as marriage, pregnancy and childbirth. The moon's profit and loss cycle is 28 days, which is similar to the menstrual cycle of women. Therefore, married women, unmarried women, and infertile women after marriage will say some confidences to luna. These prayers are private words of women, and it is inconvenient for men to be present. Therefore, Yue Bai has become a woman's exclusive ceremony. There is a folk saying that "men don't Yue Bai, women don't sacrifice stoves", which comes from this.

During the Republic of China, Tianjin literati Feng Wenzhun wrote a poem "Zhi Zhu Ci" describing Yue Bai's scene: "After the tip is withdrawn, it will be sent to every household, with different habits or bad habits. Men worship the kitchen god, women look at the moon and bite the spring radish and autumn melon. "

Moreover, every year near the Mid-Autumn Festival, the "Moonlight God" is sold in Tianjin South Paper Bureau, Zhacai Shop, Gongnan North and various grocery stores. Vendors walking the streets also shouted in the hutong: "Buy the moon horse, the moon horse is for the supply ..." The yard was full of Yue Bai cigarettes, which lingered for a long time, bringing a strong festive atmosphere to the hutong.

Male prostitute male prostitute is the honorific title of Tianjin people for the legendary Jade Rabbit in the Moon Palace. Because people believe that male prostitutes can bring peace and tranquility to the world, and their "elixir of life" can protect people from diseases. Therefore, in addition to enjoying the moon and eating moon cakes, the Mid-Autumn Festival should also buy a prostitute for the family to increase the festive atmosphere.

The male prostitute on the altar is an anthropomorphic sitting rabbit made of mud or pulp, wearing a golden helmet and shining armor, pretending to be a general, with towering ears on his head, holding a pestle, wearing a red shirt, sitting on a tiger skin, commanding and handsome, with only the same three-petal mouth, which indicates that this is a rabbit general. People put fresh fruits, moon cakes and cakes, incense burners and bottles of flowers and all kinds of preserves on the altar. The incense burner is full of incense, and I hope that male prostitutes can bring good luck and peace to the world.

Generally, different mounts under rabbits have different meanings. The one riding a tiger is called "General Khufu", which represents courage, perseverance and strength. Riding elephants and sheep represents auspiciousness and peace; Riding a gourd represents both Fulu and Fulu; Riding carp represents wealth and prosperity; Riding a unicorn represents poetry and calligraphy, and there is another implication that children and grandchildren are full.

There is also a "rabbit cart" for children to play with. It is a colorful male prostitute standing on a wooden cart with a pestle in her hand and a medicine mortar under her feet. Pulling a rickshaw, the pestle of a prostitute will be smashed in the mortar, and her red eyes will blink, which will make people laugh.

There are also "faces" made by male prostitutes with pulp. In the hutong, children almost put one hand on their faces, chasing each other and running "rabbits" all over the hutong. There are also rabbit dolls made of cloth, which are very childish. Mud-kneaded "Male Prostitute Hit the cymbals" is really touching. Paper-covered male prostitutes' kites were put in the air with flashing eyes, which attracted many passers-by to stop and watch.

The pastry shop on the street sells different kinds of "sugar rabbits". They boiled sand with white sugar, poured it into molds, turned it into all kinds of sugar rabbits, and painted it with edible color, which was both beautiful and delicious. At that time, there were large and small sugar rabbits in Siyuan Lane, Xiangdezhai and Guishunzhai in Tianjin.

Many old people make rabbit shoes and hats for their children, which means driving away evil spirits and praying for health and longevity. Mr. Feng Wenzhun's "Zhi Zhu Ci" also has a poem about male prostitutes: "The Moon Palace worships every family and seeks justice for the reunion of melons and fruits. I respect my name very much, and I play male prostitutes in the boudoir. "

In the Mid-Autumn Festival, Tianjin also has the custom of "crab climbing the moon". The so-called "climbing the moon" is actually a game. Before the festival, I bought some river crabs and kept them in pots. When the Mid-Autumn Festival is full, I will wrap them in paper and twist them, tie them to crabs' backs, dip them in oil and light them in the yard, so as to predict the fortune of the coming year.

If crabs crawl indoors, it indicates that there will be plenty of money in the coming year. If crabs crawl outside the courtyard, it indicates that there will be no money in the coming year. In the past, when there were many children in the family, parents arranged for the children in the family, one person and one stalk, and those who climbed out were blocked with stalks to let them climb into the house.

Families with fewer children also call the children next door to guard them together. Crabs with oil on their backs are crawling around like flies. The child is shouting, blocking it with straw, and kicking it if it can't be stopped. The adults looked at the cheering children and laughed.

The yard is full of people, the ground is brightly lit, crabs are crawling around, and crabs forced into the house by adults are taken off and thrown into the pot. In a short time, it was served on the table, the cream was wrapped in fat, and the smell of crabs was very fragrant. People eat it in droves.

"Crab Climbing the Moon" is said to pray for wealth, but it is just a game to set off the festive atmosphere. There is a scene of "climbing the moon" in Mr. Feng Wenzhun's "Bing Yin Tianjin Zhi Zhu Ci": "I can't bear to cook when I come back from buying crabs, and it's even more rampant tonight. According to legend, landing on the moon is responsible, and the paper burns brightly. "

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