Common sense of Han fu

As the saying goes, "Tang poetry, gold lettering, Chinese writing", and later the combination of "Tang poetry and Song poetry, Yuan Qu and Han Fu" are all literary forms that reached their peak in a certain era. The so-called "Chinese language" mainly refers to Han Fu.

Fu is a kind of prose with rhyme, and its main manifestations are recitation and description, with rich rhetoric and poor sound and appearance. From the content, Fu mainly focuses on palaces, cities, hunting and traveling. But most of them give specific reasons or feelings.

The origin of Han Fu is generally considered to be related to Xunzi, because according to Hanshu. According to Yiwenzhi, Xunzi once wrote five articles.

In addition, Han Fu is also closely related to Chu Ci, absorbing the characteristics of gorgeous rhetoric and exaggerated description of Chu Ci. Hanshu.

There are more than 900 pieces of Han Fu recorded in Yiwenzhi, and only more than 200 pieces have been preserved so far, some of which are incomplete. Besides being included in Historical Records, Hanshu and Houhanshu, the existing Han Fu is mainly preserved in Selected Works.

His representative works include Zixu Fu, Shanghe Fu, Meicheng's Qifa, Liu Fu and Tu Fu, Jia Yi's Diaoqu Yuan and Pengniao Fu, Yang Xiong's Hedong Fu, School Hunting Fu and Changyang Fu, etc.

2. How much do you know about Hanfu?

First, the structure of Hanfu Hanfu is made of 2 feet 2 inches (about 50cm) wide cloth, which is divided into ten parts: collar, lapel, waist, sleeve, sleeve, belt and collar.

Take two pieces of cloth with the same length, fold them in half respectively as front and rear purlins, and sew the back seam. Straight-neck double-breasted clothing is a kind of clothing without slit in front.

If you take another piece of cloth, cut it into two pieces and sew it on the left and right lapels, it will be the right lapel. The middle seam at the front and back is called V, that is, Du meridian and Ren meridian, which are on the right side of Ren meridian, so it is called right V..

The length of the shackles is divided into waist, knee and foot. Hanfu is divided into three lengths: garment, garment and garment.

The seam between the sleeve and lapel is called seam, and the cuff is called seam. A complete Hanfu usually has three layers: underwear, underwear and coat.

1. When the left skirt and the right skirt cross the chest, the neckline naturally crosses, so it is vividly called "cross collar"; The intersection of two straight lines on the left and right sides of the center line of clothing represents the symmetry of traditional culture, shows a unique charm of righteousness and represents impartiality in life. If Hanfu represents the unity of heaven and man, then the intersection represents the earth at the circle and represents human nature, that is, square and righteousness. Sleeves are round, representing the sky in the round place.

The expression of this kind of local studies in Hanfu is also a reflection of the ancient culture of China. The most typical collar shape of Hanfu is "cross-neck right slit", that is, the collar is directly connected with the skirt, the skirt crosses the chest, and the left skirt presses the right skirt, which is Y-shaped in appearance, forming the effect that the whole garment leans to the right.

Gee, the original skirt. The right axillary frenum of the left front cover, inside the right front cover, is called the right seam, and vice versa.

This is the tradition that Hanfu has always maintained the same style, and it is also closely related to China's thought of "respecting power". These characteristics are obviously different from the costumes of other nationalities. Another kind of "cross collar" is "straight collar" and "disc collar"

Straight collar means that the collar is straight down from the chest, parallel and vertical, and does not pass through the chest. Some have lacing on their chests, while others speak directly without lacing. This kind of straight-collared clothes is generally worn outside the cross-collared Hanfu, and is often used in everyday coat styles such as tops, half-arms, buttons, etc.

Collar is a common style in men's wear. The collar is disc-shaped, with a tie on the right collar and shoulder. It is used in official clothes of Han and Tang dynasties, and it also has collar type in daily clothes. 2, praise clothes and wide sleeves Hanfu Since ancient times, dresses have been praised with wide belts and long sleeves.

Compared with western clothing in the same period, Hanfu has indisputable superiority in human nature. When westerners use breastplates and skirts to restrain women's physical development, generous Hanfu has realized the characteristic of letting the body stretch at will.

The sleeves of Hanfu, also known as "Mei", are unique in the history of national costumes in the whole world. Sleeves, in fact, are all round, and the round place represents the sky.

Sleeves are wide and long, which is a remarkable feature of dress sleeves in Hanfu, but not all Hanfu are like this. Hanfu dresses are generally wide sleeves, showing a graceful, elegant, solemn and smart style.

For a long time, the standard style of Hanfu sleeves is round, and the objects reflected from pre-Qin to Han Dynasty are the same. For a long time, except for small sleeve's appearance in the secret service after the Tang Dynasty, the mainstream of Hanfu sleeves was gathered and removed.

"Sleeve width and sleeve length" is the main feature of the sleeve shape of Hanfu dress, but it is not the only style feature. Small sleeve and short sleeves are also common in Hanfu. There are mainly these usages: the clothes of ordinary people who take part in daily manual labor, the military clothes of non-commissioned officers and generals, and the winter clothes with tight sleeves to keep warm.

In history, sometimes different dynasties have different economic, cultural and aesthetic concerns, and they also have different performances in sleeve types. For example, in the Han and Tang Dynasties, the aristocratic dresses used wide sleeves, and in the Song and Ming Dynasties, the uniforms used small sleeve. 3. The hidden button in Hanfu with hidden button actually includes two situations: buckle and unlock.

Under normal circumstances, Hanfu does not use buttons. Even if buttons are useful, they are hidden and will not be exposed. Usually, you tie your clothes with a tie.

At the same time, there are big belts and long belts at the waist. All belts are made of cloth for clothes.

A dress has two belts, which is very practical. A waistband under the left armpit is tied with the waistband in the right skirt with a pair of knots, and the waistband under the right armpit is tied with the waistband in the left skirt with a pair of knots respectively, thus completing the dressing process. The other is a big belt with a long belt around it, which is both practical and decorative, symbolic and symbolic of power.

Compared with kimono, the big belt of Hanfu is wider.

3. How much do you know about Hanfu?

First, the structure of Hanfu

Hanfu is made of cloth and silk, with a width of 2 feet and 2 inches (about 50cm). It is divided into ten parts: collar, lapel, slit, sleeve, sleeve, belt and collar. Take two pieces of cloth with the same length, fold them in half respectively as front and rear purlins, and sew the back seam. Straight-neck double-breasted clothing is a kind of clothing without slit in front. If you take another piece of cloth, cut it into two pieces and sew it on the left and right lapels, it will be the right lapel. The middle seam at the front and back is called V, that is, Du meridian and Ren meridian, which are on the right side of Ren meridian, so it is called right V.. The length of the shackles is divided into waist, knee and foot. Hanfu is divided into three lengths: garment, garment and garment. The seam between the sleeve and lapel is called seam, and the cuff is called seam. A complete Hanfu usually has three layers: underwear, underwear and coat.

1, horizontal collar and right collar

When the left skirt and the right skirt cross the chest in Hanfu, the neckline naturally crosses, so it is vividly called "cross collar"; The intersection of two straight lines on the left and right sides of the center line of clothing represents the symmetry of traditional culture, shows a unique charm of righteousness and represents impartiality in life. If Hanfu represents the unity of heaven and man, then the intersection represents the earth at the circle and represents human nature, that is, square and righteousness. Sleeves are round, representing the sky in the round place. The expression of this kind of local studies in Hanfu is also a reflection of the ancient culture of China.

The most typical collar shape of Hanfu is "cross-neck right slit", that is, the collar is directly connected with the skirt, the skirt crosses the chest, and the left skirt presses the right skirt, which is Y-shaped in appearance, forming the effect that the whole garment leans to the right. Gee, the original skirt. The right axillary frenum of the left front cover, inside the right front cover, is called the right seam, and vice versa. This is the tradition that Hanfu has always maintained the same style, and it is also closely related to China's thought of "respecting power". These characteristics are obviously different from the costumes of other nationalities.

Another kind of "horizontal collar" is "straight collar", and "collar" straight collar means that the collar comes down directly from the chest, parallel and vertical, and does not pass through the chest. Some have lacing on their chests, while others speak directly without lacing. This kind of straight-collared clothes is generally worn outside the cross-collared Hanfu, and is often used in everyday coat styles such as tops, half-arms, buttons, etc. Collar is a common style in men's wear. The collar is disc-shaped, with a tie on the right collar and shoulder. It is used in official clothes of Han and Tang dynasties, and it also has collar type in daily clothes.

2. Compliment clothes with wide sleeves

Since ancient times, Hanfu has been praised for its dresses, coats and wide sleeves. Compared with western clothing in the same period, Hanfu has indisputable superiority in human nature. When westerners use breastplates and skirts to restrain women's physical development, generous Hanfu has realized the characteristic of letting the body stretch at will.

The sleeves of Hanfu, also known as "Mei", are unique in the history of national costumes in the whole world. Sleeves, in fact, are all round, and the round place represents the sky. Sleeves are wide and long, which is a remarkable feature of dress sleeves in Hanfu, but not all Hanfu are like this. Hanfu dresses are generally wide sleeves, showing a graceful, elegant, solemn and smart style. For a long time, the standard style of Hanfu sleeves is round, and the objects reflected from pre-Qin to Han Dynasty are the same. For a long time, except for small sleeve's appearance in the secret service after the Tang Dynasty, the mainstream of Hanfu sleeves was gathered and removed.

"Sleeve width and sleeve length" is the main feature of the sleeve shape of Hanfu dress, but it is not the only style feature. Small sleeve and short sleeves are also common in Hanfu. There are mainly these usages: the clothes of ordinary people who take part in daily manual labor, the military clothes of non-commissioned officers and generals, and the winter clothes with tight sleeves to keep warm. In history, sometimes different dynasties have different economic, cultural and aesthetic concerns, and they also have different performances in sleeve types. For example, in the Han and Tang Dynasties, the aristocratic dresses used wide sleeves, and in the Song and Ming Dynasties, the uniforms used small sleeve.

3, lace hidden buttons

The hidden buckle in Hanfu actually includes two situations: buckle and non-buckle. Under normal circumstances, Hanfu does not use buttons. Even if buttons are useful, they are hidden and will not be exposed. Usually, you tie your clothes with a tie. At the same time, there are big belts and long belts at the waist. All belts are made of cloth for clothes. A dress has two belts, which is very practical. A waistband under the left armpit is tied with the waistband in the right skirt with a pair of knots, and the waistband under the right armpit is tied with the waistband in the left skirt with a pair of knots respectively, thus completing the dressing process.

The other is a big belt with a long belt around it, which is both practical and decorative, symbolic and symbolic of power. Compared with kimono, the big belt of Hanfu is wider.

4. So what is Han Fu?

Fu is a literary genre from the ancient Han Dynasty to the Six Dynasties in China. Originated from Chu Ci, it flourished in the Han Dynasty, so it was called Han Fu.

"Wen Xin Diao Long? According to the interpretation of Fu, Fu evolved from poetry. According to Ban Gu's Preface to the Ode to Two Cities, "the giver is the stream of ancient poetry".

Xun Qing's Fu Pian is the first work famous for Fu. Xun Qing wrote 65,438+00 pieces of Fu, but it was not until the Han Dynasty that Fu formally formed a special style. Han Fu pays attention to literary talent and rhythm, and has the characteristics of poetry and prose.

He is especially good at describing things delicately and objectively with beautiful rhyme, which is called "writing things and painting like carving pictures". Han Fu can be divided into big Fu and small Fu.

Dafu wrote more about the prosperity of the palace to boast of the emperor's rich and luxurious life. Dafu is long and large-scale, and many novels are more than 1000 words, mostly in the form of subject-object questions and answers.

In the language structure, verse and prose are mixed, and the words are gorgeous; Sentences are informal, mainly four or six words, but also three, five, seven words, or even a dozen words; Appropriate related words are often chosen as the cohesion hub between sentences. Fu Xiao is mostly a lyric work with a short length.

Fu later developed in the direction of prose and parallel prose, close to the "literary fu" of prose and the "parallel prose" or "rhyme fu" of parallel prose.

5. What are the characteristics of Han Fu?

The writing style of Han Fu is broad and vigorous, which meets the needs of "polishing the great cause" of the Han Empire.

The wonder of mountains and rivers, the prosperity of cities, the prosperity of commerce, the abundance of products, the grandeur of palaces, the elegance of emperors and the grandeur of plans have all been fully rendered in Han Fu, showing the broad atmosphere of the unification, strength, expansion and enterprising of the Han Empire. Later generations said that the content of Han Fu "contained the universe and surveyed people", which was not empty at all. It is human nature to sing for the prosperous times when people meet them.

However, Han Fu later became a tool to praise the merits of emperors, gradually divorced from social life, and tended to be empty in form, piling up articles with gorgeous and obscure words, which was empty and dull, so it gradually declined after the Han Dynasty. There are more than 200 pieces of Han Fu today.

Most of them are songs of praise

6. What are the characteristics of Han Fu?

Fu is a literary genre from the ancient Han Dynasty to the Six Dynasties in China. Originated from Chu Ci, it flourished in the Han Dynasty, so it was called Han Fu.

"Wen Xin Diao Long? According to the interpretation of Fu, Fu evolved from poetry. According to Ban Gu's Preface to the Ode to Two Cities, "the giver is the stream of ancient poetry".

Xun Qing's Fu Pian is the first work famous for Fu. Xun Qing wrote 65,438+00 pieces of Fu, but it was not until the Han Dynasty that Fu formally formed a special style. Han Fu pays attention to literary talent and rhythm, and has the characteristics of poetry and prose.

He is especially good at describing things delicately and objectively with beautiful rhyme, which is called "writing things and painting like carving pictures". Han Fu can be divided into big Fu and small Fu.

Dafu wrote more about the prosperity of the palace to boast of the emperor's rich and luxurious life. Dafu is long and large-scale, and many novels are more than 1000 words, mostly in the form of subject-object questions and answers.

In the language structure, verse and prose are mixed, and the words are gorgeous; Sentences are informal, mainly four or six words, but also three, five, seven words, or even a dozen words; Appropriate related words are often chosen as the cohesion hub between sentences. Fu Xiao is mostly a lyric work with a short length.

Fu later developed in the direction of prose and parallel prose, which was close to "Wen Fu" in prose, "Parallel Fu" or "Rhyme Fu" in parallel prose.

7. What kind of style is Han Fu?

Fu is the most popular style in Han Dynasty, which is different from poetry and prose.

During the 400 years between the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty, ordinary literati devoted themselves to this style of writing, so it flourished for a while, and later generations often regarded it as the representative of Han Dynasty literature. Fu is a style as early as the pre-Qin Confucian Xunzi. There is a book called Fu Pian in Xunzi, in which five things are written: cloud, silkworm, ceremony, knowledge and needle.

At that time, the main feature of Fu was "reciting without singing", which was suitable for oral reading. Its lyrical elements are few, focusing on description and description, close to prose; When writing, it often comes out between rhymes, half poetry and half text; In the text structure, questions and answers are often used.

Fu evolved from The Book of Songs and Songs of the South, with The Book of Songs as its far source and Songs of the South as its near source. In the Western Han Dynasty, it was enough to become a representative of the literature of the Han Dynasty, and even influenced the history of China literature for thousands of years.

The formation and development of Han Fu can be divided into three stages: at the beginning of Han Dynasty, Fu writers inherited the legacy of Chu Ci, when the so-called "Sao Fu" prevailed, and the representative writers and works were Jia Yi's Fu of Hanging Qu Yuan, Zhao Yin of Huainan Mountain and Seven Hair of Meicheng. Later, it gradually evolved into the so-called prose fu with independent characteristics, which is the main body of Han Fu and the most prosperous stage of Han Fu. Representative writers and works include Zi Xu and Shang Lin by Sima Xiangru, Gan Quan and Hedong by Yang Xiong, Yu Hunting He, Du Fu by Ban Gu and so on. After the mid-Eastern Han Dynasty, prose poetry gradually declined, and lyric poetry began to rise. Representative writers and works include Zhang Heng's poem "Two Wells Go to Heaven", Zhao Yi's poem "Leaving the World to Hate", Cai Yong's poem "Syria" and Mi Fei's poem "Parrot". Although prose poems are flashy and pretentious, Han Fu still has a certain position in the history of China literature.

It is of great significance to enrich the vocabulary, phrases and skills of literary works and promote the formation of literary concepts. Fu can be roughly divided into five kinds, which are also five important periods: * * * regards the works of Qu Yuan and Song Yu, poets of Chu Ci, as Fu without certain restrictions, which is called Sao Fu of Chu Ci; The length of Han Fu is long, mostly in question-and-answer style, and the rhyme is scattered. Its sentence pattern is mainly four or six words, but there are also five or seven or longer sentences. Han Fu likes to pile up words and use difficult words, but it is regarded as an original by later generations, also known as ancient Fu. The Six Dynasties Fu is a variant of the short lyric Fu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which is characterized by short length, neat sentence structure, and mostly composed of four characters and six characters. At the same time, it pays attention to the rhyming of flat and even words and the whole story, also known as Nuo Fu. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, there were strict restrictions on law, title, rhyme and level tone. Wen Fu is a prose style formed after the middle Tang Dynasty. Do not deliberately pursue duality, rhythm, diction, allusion, sentence patterns are scattered, rhyme freely, and even use a lot of prose sentences. In fact, it is a liberated fu.

The main representatives of the Fu family are Qu Ping, Song Yu,, Mei Cheng and others. Han Fu is undoubtedly a far-reaching genre in classical literature.