Economic Explanation of Ecological and Environmental Problems in China

Faced with the increasingly serious population, food, energy, resources, environment and other global problems, the relationship between the ecological environment and the socio-economic began to receive great attention. Natural and social scientists have carried out useful discussions from different perspectives and achieved promising results. In China, the establishment of ecological economics is a case in point. In this paper, we would like to start from the standpoint of historical research to conduct a preliminary discussion on the connection between socio-economic history research and ecological environment problems, as well as the introduction of the theory of ecological economics into the field of socio-economic history research, with the intention of attracting jade. As we all know, socio-economic history is a discipline which takes the past human socio-economic activities, that is, the process of production and reproduction of material materials (including the links of social production, circulation, distribution, and consumption) as the object of study, and explores and summarizes the characteristics and regularities of the stages of socio-economic development. The production of material resources is essentially the process of material transformation between human beings and nature carried out by people through labor production. Marx once explained the production labor as follows: "Labor is first of all a process between man and nature, and it is a process in which man causes, adjusts and controls the material transformation between man and nature by his own activities." In the process of socio-economic development, people act on the natural environment through various forms of productive activities, transforming and utilizing the natural conditions so as to obtain their own useful means of production and means of subsistence, thus seeking human survival and social development. Therefore, it can be said that the natural world or ecological environment is the basis of people's economic activities. It can also be said that not only productive labor, but also the natural world is the source of social material wealth. If there is no water, soil, light, heat and other natural... Without water, soil, light, heat and other natural resources, including a large number of animals, plants, microorganisms, people play production is not ding can. From the primitive collective collection, fishing and hunting, ancient traditional agriculture, handicrafts to modern socialized machine production, or directly, or indirectly, all so. In a sense, labor for human beings is the production process, is the conditions of human survival, for the natural ecological environment, is a kind of consumption process. Because labor consumes its own material elements, i.e., labor objects and labor materials. In short, socio-economic development and ecological environment evolution is accompanied, **** born, social production process can be produced at the same time economic, ecological two benefits. Whether the benefits are high or low, good or bad. There are even a number of driving forces for socio-economic development that often become destructive factors for the ecological balance. In this sense, the history of socio-economic development, at the same time is the process of ecological evolution. For the social economy. The ecological environment is not purely passive to accept the transformation and utilization of human beings, it has some kind of unconscious mobility. How the ecological benefits, either early or late, directly or indirectly related to the economic benefits of good or bad. Good ecological environment, for the improvement of economic efficiency to create the basic conditions, whether the ecological environment is the original natural or people's labor production transformation. For example, China's ancient southern working people to create the mulberry cane-based fishponds, northern date and food, etc.. On the contrary, if intentionally or unintentionally do not hesitate to destroy the balance of the ecological environment in exchange for socio-economic development, even if the success can be achieved, can only be temporary, and ultimately will be punished, or the loss will not be worth the gain, and even lead to the demise of the entire regional civilization. Based on his understanding of the objective laws of nature and society, Marx pointed out that man's predatory, hostile and abusive attitude towards nature was tantamount to damaging the natural source of his own life process. Engels urged people to note that nature is not in a state of subjugation under the control of human beings, and that human beings should not treat nature in the same way as they would treat a conquered people. Engels pointed out: "Do not revel too much in our victories over nature; for every such victory, nature has taken revenge on us. Every victory, in the first step, has indeed achieved the result we expected, but in the second and third steps it has had an entirely different and unexpected effect, which has often canceled out the first result again." (ii) Nature's punishment of mankind for acting blindly in violation of the objective requirements of ecological balance manifests itself not only as a drastic change in natural phenomena, but as a socio-economic problem, which will cause socio-economic losses in varying degrees. This is the dialectical relationship between ecological and economic benefits. In summary, it is clear that socio-economic development and ecological evolution are closely related. They are two aspects of the same process. As the basis of human social production activities, the ecological environment is affected by socio-economic development, and feedback to the socio-economic activities and constraints on economic efficiency. The ecological environment in which production activities are being carried out is one of the results of past production activities, and the ecological environment after the action of this production activity will become the basis for the next production activity. Obviously, the study of socio-economic history, if we only see the economic development and not see the role of production activities on the evolution of the ecological environment and the evolution of the ecological environment on the socio-economic counterproductive effect is very insufficient, it can not be satisfactorily explained in the process of socio-economic growth, such as the growth of the stagnation and stagnation or even retrogression in the complex phenomena, the development of productive forces or the advancement of relations of production, but the socio-economic phenomena of the contraction of the phenomenon. etc. In this regard, and the reality of the formulation of economic development planning to examine the economic and ecological benefits at the same time, we study the social and economic history, we can not ignore the relationship between economic development and the natural ecological environment, we must take the impact of production activities on the ecological environment and the ecological environment and the constraints of the evolution of the economic benefits as an important part of the investigation.