Rebirth after "Earthquake" Injury —— Reconstruction of Bailu Town after Disaster

According to the China Seismological Network, an earthquake of magnitude 7.0 occurred in Jiuzhaigou County, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province on 2 1: 09 on August 8, with a focal depth of 20 kilometers. As of August 10/2, the earthquake has caused 20 deaths and 43 1 injured. Soon after, at 07: 27 on August 9, an earthquake of magnitude 6.6 occurred in Jinghe County, Bortala Prefecture, Xinjiang, with a focal depth of 1 1 km.

Sichuan is located in earthquake-prone areas and mountainous areas, and the associated geological disasters caused by earthquakes will cause devastating damage to regional economy, industry and life. The Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 brought a devastating blow to Bailu Town: 55% of the houses in the town collapsed, 45% were seriously damaged, and many important historical sites were damaged. The death toll was 68, and the number of injured was 1 123, which was the worst disaster area.

Today, Bailu Town has undergone a painful baptism, and its face has taken on a new look: a European-style town with the medieval architecture of French style street as the highlight; Compared with before the earthquake, the per capita income level of Bailu Town has been greatly improved. The pain of the earthquake in the hearts of the local people was slowly healed, and the residents ignited hope for a new life.

After the disaster, when many industries are in a hurry, it has become international common sense to give priority to restoring the development of tourism. Whether it is the coast of Thailand after the tsunami in Southeast Asia or Lijiang after the earthquake, local governments regard tourism as a dominant industry, giving priority to its recovery and development, which has greatly promoted the economic revitalization of the affected areas.

Bailu Town Business Academy is an advanced monastery built by French missionary Hong Guanghua in 1860 to train senior philosophers. Now it is a national cultural relics protection unit. Taking advantage of this historical event, the post-disaster reconstruction work put forward to focus on developing its religious culture and earthquake site resources and creating a unique "Sino-French town".

After the disaster, Bailu Town rebuilt three kinds of tourist architectural landscapes according to the planning orientation: French architectural landscape, folk architectural landscape and earthquake site landscape. The public landscape of Bailu Town has changed from a dull traditional village landscape to a diverse and exquisite tourist landscape. Secondly, Bailu Town has built more perfect urban infrastructure and diversified leisure public spaces, such as pedestrian streets, sightseeing lanes, parking lots, farmers' markets, hospitals and other infrastructure and community cultural leisure centers, leisure squares, wineries and other leisure and entertainment spaces; Finally, in order to present a complete Sino-French style, the houses and churches in Bailu Town have been converted into French-style or Ming-Qing-style buildings, and the converted houses and churches have become new landmark buildings.

In addition, the private living space of local residents has also changed. Compared with the earthen houses before the earthquake, the residential buildings are uniformly designed into a unique landscape, and the houses are equipped with perfect drainage systems and energy pipelines, thus beautifying and upgrading the private space of residents.

The development of post-disaster tourism makes the production space and private living space of residents move from separation to integration. Before the earthquake, Bailu Town was mainly engaged in farming or going out to work. The separation of cultivated land, factory and private space leads to the separation of production space and family life space. However, after the earthquake, residents living near the roads in tourist attractions transformed their houses into hotels, restaurants or shops, which changed the shape of houses and promoted the integration of production space and private living space. At the same time, compared with the scattered living space before the earthquake, the residential buildings are intensively planned and constructed after the earthquake, and the private living space of residents is more compact and concentrated.

In order to adapt to the changes brought about by post-disaster reconstruction, the daily life of Bailu town residents has also changed due to the adjustment of local morphology and industrial structure, which is mainly reflected in three aspects: livelihood, leisure life and social interaction:

According to statistics, under the guidance of the government, the tourism industry in Bailu Town has developed rapidly. In 20 13 years, Bailu Town received 800 ~ 1 10,000 tourists annually; During the Golden Week of Spring Festival in 20 14, Bailu Town received more than 60,000 tourists/kloc-0, with an average daily traffic of 3,500 vehicles, a record high. 20 15 Bailuxi rafting project of Beijing Wubingu Company settled in Bailu Town, adding icing on the cake to the tourism development of Bailu Town.

Ming Peng Lv Wen Research Institute believes that the success of Bailu Town's post-disaster reconstruction mode lies in that Bailu Town has broken through the original land and landscape problems and the financial limitations of local development with the help of "White Paper", post-disaster reconstruction funds and policy support. With the help of post-disaster reconstruction funds and planning, it can build tourism landscape, improve public facilities, promote space appreciation, local industrial transformation and production of tourism activities, thus realizing local upgrading and development.

1, "top-down" tourism reconstruction model

The main characteristics of Bailu Town's reconstruction work are government-led, residents' response, relying on resources, zoning development and giving full play to advantages. Create a Sino-French town with clear positioning, prominent subject image, natural scenery charm, historical and humanistic charm, popular science education, ecological leisure and other functional layouts. , outstanding utility, give full play to resource advantages and overall functional advantages.

2. Rationalization and materialization of cultural symbols

In order to highlight local characteristics and enhance local attraction, the local government used temples and other sites to create momentum, and at the same time, through the publicity of relevant missionary historical texts, further strengthened the effect of historical propaganda, so as to construct the rationality and historical inheritance of local French cultural symbols, and transform the place into a visible entity, thus rewriting the place of Bailu Town.

3. Rebuild the local sense of dependence and identity.

The loss of relatives and the destruction of homes have brought permanent trauma to Bailu residents. Faced with severe pain, people will instinctively choose to escape and leave. Therefore, it is extremely important to rebuild the identity of Bailu residents to their hometown. First of all, the beautification of the physical environment strengthens the residents' functional dependence on the local area, and the improvement of the local physical environment enhances the residents' life satisfaction. At the same time, the beautification of the local environment in Bailu Town has also enhanced residents' sense of belonging and superiority, and strengthened their sense of local identity. Residents of Bailu Town believe that compared with other places, Bailu Town can provide more conditions to meet their material and spiritual needs, and their willingness to leave is low.