Traditional Culture Manuscript: Confucianism

Confucianism advocates "Rites of the Week", and believes that everyone is content and caring for each other, and reaching a world of great harmony is "benevolence". Benevolence is the core content of Confucianism. Its main contents are as follows:

Ethics: "Benevolence" is the general program of ethics. "Benevolence" means "love". The monarch mainly reflects people's feelings, cherishes people's strength and opposes tyranny. If we want to practice benevolence, we need "loyalty" and "forgiveness" "Loyalty" is to do one's part; "Forgiveness" means pushing yourself and others. Advocate "courtesy" and "joy" to restrain people's behavior and cultivate their temperament.

political view: advocating the rule of courtesy and righteousness and restoring the rule of virtue in the Western Zhou Dynasty. People from all walks of life should do their part to achieve a harmonious situation of "Jun Jun, minister, father, son", which is the idea of clearing names.

education view: Confucius advocated that "there is no class in teaching", and thought that teaching should not be divided into noble, humble, virtuous and foolish. He believes that "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" is an ideal teaching method. He also advocated learning methods such as "reviewing the old and learning the new" and "drawing inferences from others".

Cosmological outlook: We hold the attitude of "keeping the ghosts and gods" and advocate "staying away from ghosts and gods", but attach great importance to offering sacrifices to ancestors.

Later, Mencius discussed "benevolence" with the theory of "good nature". "People are different from animals, and there are few hopes." He believes that human nature is good, with four good ends: compassion, shame, resignation and right and wrong. If we carry them forward, we can become the virtues of benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom.

Xunzi advocated the theory of "evil nature", holding that human beings are no different from animals, and "hungry for satiety, cold for warmth". If we follow human nature, it will certainly cause disputes. He advocates changing human nature through education, and eliminating evil for good. Xunzi emphasized maintaining social order through "rule by courtesy", so that people from all walks of life can keep their duties and the society can be stable.

"Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and faithfulness" advocated by Confucianism has been respected by rulers and academic circles in past dynasties, and has become the core of China's traditional thought and the mainstream of morality.