Introduction of Zhan Tianyou

Zhan Tianyou was born in Nanhai County, Guangdong Province in 1861. Zhan Tianyou is China's earliest outstanding railway engineering experts, for China's railroads have made outstanding contributions. Zhou Enlai once praised him as "the glory of the Chinese people".

July 8, 1872 at the age of 12, Zhan Tianyou as China's first government-run students to study in the U.S. In 1881, graduated with honors from Yale University, and returned to China in the same year. 1888, Zhan Tianyou recommended by his old classmates, to the China Railway Company as an engineer. In 1894, the British Engineering Society elected Zhan Tianyou as a member of the Society.

Zhangjiakou for Beijing to Inner Mongolia, the key to the North and South travelers and businessmen to and from the hole, has always been a soldier must fight, so the Beijing-Zhangzhou Railway has an important economic value and political value. When the Qing court to repair the news of the Beijing-Zhangzhou Road, the largest force in China, Britain is determined to win, depending on the Great Wall to the north of its sphere of influence of the Tsarist Russia vowed not to give up, the two sides argued, and finally reached an agreement: all by the Chinese people to repair this road.

In May 1905, the Beijing-Zhangzhou Railway General Administration and Engineering Bureau was established in 1906, Zhan Tianyou was promoted to the chief office and chief engineer. Zhan was well aware of the enormity of the task, and he wrote to his American teacher, Mrs. Northrop, "If the Jing-Zhang project fails, it will be not only my misfortune, but also the misfortune of the Chinese engineers, and at the same time will bring great loss to China. In my acceptance of this task before and after, many foreigners blatantly claimed that Chinese engineers can not bear the Beijing-Zhangzhou line of stone and caves of the arduous project, but I insisted that I engineering. Fully embodies the patriotic heart of Chinese intellectuals and national responsibility.

Zhan Tianyou surveyed three routes, the second detour too far for the undesirable. The third is today's Fengsha line. Zhan Tianyou decided to use the first route, that is, from Fengtai north to Xizhimen, Shahe, through the Nankou, Juyongguan, Badaling, Huailai, Jimingyi, Xuanhua to Zhangjiakou, a total length of 360 miles. The whole line of the difficulties in the Guan ditch, this area of stacked mountains, cliffs, engineering difficulties at that time for the country did not, the world is rare; slope is very great, Nankou and Badaling height difference of 180 feet. Zhan Tianyou divided the whole line into three sections: Fengtai to Nankou for the first section, Nankou to Kangzhuang for the second section, the rest for the third section.

On September 4, 1905, construction officially began, and on December 12, track laying began. A year later, the first section of the project all opened to traffic, the second section of the project began at the same time. The difficulty lay in the second section, which first had to open four tunnels, including Juyongguan and Badaling, the longest of which was the Badaling Tunnel of 1,092 meters. This required not only precise calculations and correct command, but also new-fangled mechanical equipment. They overcame many difficulties and finally completed the second section in September 1908.

The difficult third section of the project was the Huailai Bridge, the longest bridge on the Jing-Zhang Road, which consisted of seven 100-foot-long steel girders erected. It was built in time thanks to the correct direction of Zhan Tianyou.On April 2, 1909 the train went through to Xiahuayuan. Xiahuayuan to Jimingyi mine turnoff section is not long, the project is extremely difficult. Zhan Tianyou to the mountain to open the stone to pad the riverbed under the mountain, the victory completed the third section of the section.

Zhan Tianyou is a creative spirit and courage to overcome the difficulties of the engineer. At that time, the construction conditions in China were very simple. Zhan Tianyou created the construction method of opening the shaft in the middle, increasing the working surface and improving the work progress. In the steep terrain of Badaling, he used the principle of "folding line" to design a "human" route to reduce the gradient, and adapt to local conditions, building stone arch bridges to shorten the construction period. Beijing-Zhangzhou Railway, all by Chinese engineers, two years earlier than the original plan to open to traffic, and the cost of road construction is only two-sevenths of the estimated price, **** saving more than 280,000 taels of silver, was regarded by foreign engineers as "impossible miracle".

The triumphant completion of the Jingzhang Road was a victory for the Chinese people and a full manifestation of the patriotic spirit of the Chinese patriotic intellectuals.

Author: 222.139.3.* 2006-2-14 23:06 Reply to this statement

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9 Responses to I cry 555 can't find Zhan Tianyou info!

Because of the years of struggle in the road construction site, Zhan Tianyou accumulated labor sickness. 1919 January, Zhan Tianyou to participate in the international joint supervision of the Far East Railway Conference, defending the rights of our country, thwarted the U.S. and Japan to fight for the right of way conspiracy. April 15, Zhan Tianyou due to illness leave to return to Wuhan, soon after the disease, died at the age of 59 years old.

On October 2, 1909, the Beijing-Zhangzhou Railway, the first railroad designed and built by the Chinese, was opened to traffic. The 449-mile-long Jingzhang (Beijing-Zhangjiakou) Railway, designed, built and operated by chief engineer Zhan Tianyou, was built in 1905.

Zhan Tianyou, born in 1861 in Nanhai County, Guangdong Province, was 12 years old on July 8, 1872, when he studied in the U.S. as one of the first Chinese students to study in the U.S. under the auspices of the Chinese government.

Zhan Tianyou in the United States has studied in Weihafen elementary school, crossbow Hafen middle school, and in 1881 graduated from Yale University with honors, and wrote a thesis entitled "the study of dock cranes," was awarded a bachelor's degree, and returned to China in the same year. After returning to China, Zhan Tianyou into the Mawei ship before the school, after completing his studies, sent to the flagship of the Fujian navy "Yangwu" as a gunner, participated in the Mawei sea battle. After the war was transferred to Huangpu Marine Academy as a teacher.

Fujian navy flagship "Yangwu"

In 1888, Zhan Tianyou by his old classmate Kwong Sunmou's recommendation, to the China Railway Company as an engineer. Was annihilated for seven years before Zhan Tianyou had the opportunity to dedicate himself to the cause of the motherland's railroad. At this time when the Tianjin - Tangshan Railway construction, he did not want to live in Tianjin, on the site in person, and workers with the **** bitter, the result is that only eighty days of time on the completion of the opening. However, Li Hongzhang to the British Jinda's credit on the work, and promote Jinda as chief engineer. Zhan Tianyou's credit was thus plagiarized.

In 1890, the Qing government and repair the Guanzhou Railway (now the Beijing-Shenyang Railway), to Jinda as chief engineer. 1892 project to the Luanhe Bridge, many countries want to tout this business, of course, Jinda to the British first, but the British Karkes to build the bridge and failed. Japanese and German contractors also failed. As the deadline for delivery is approaching, Jinda had to turn to Zhan Tianyou. Zhan Tianyou exhaustive analysis of the reasons for the failure of various countries, and the bottom of the Luanhe River geological soil after thorough measurement and research, decided to change the pile site, using the traditional Chinese method to Chinese divers to dive into the bottom of the river, with machine operation, the victory completed the task of piling, built the Luanhe River Bridge. In 1894, the British Engineering Society elected Zhan Tianyou as a member of the Society.

Since then, Zhan Tianyou has led the construction of the Beijing-Tianjin Road, Pingli Road (Pingxiang to Liling) and other railroads.

Yuan Shikai, in order to curry favor with the Naras, in 1902 requested the construction of a new easy railroad (Gaobeidian to Yixian) dedicated to the royal family to pay homage to their ancestors. Train to the ancestors, Narra naturally happy. In order not to miss the ancestral use in 1903, ordered Yuan Shikai in six months to complete. Yuan Shikai ordered Zhan Tianyou to be the chief engineer. Although the value of this road is not great, but is the beginning of the Chinese people since the construction of railroads, so Zhan Tianyou is still very important. Zhan Tianyou completely abandoned the foreigners at that time must be in the roadbed after the completion of air-drying a year before laying tracks of the conventional, only four months to save the cost of building a new easy railroad. This greatly encouraged the Chinese to build their own railroads and laid a good foundation for the construction of the Beijing-Zhangzhou Railway.

Zhangjiakou for Beijing to Inner Mongolia's key, north and south travelers and businessmen to and from the porous road, has always been the military must fight, so the Beijing-Zhangzhou Railway has an important economic value and political value. When the Qing court to repair the news of the Beijing-Zhang Road, the largest force in China, Britain is determined to win, depending on the Great Wall to the north of its sphere of influence of the Tsarist Russia vowed not to give up, the two sides argued, and finally reached an agreement: if the Qing court does not borrow foreign debt, do not use the foreign craftsmen, all the way by the Chinese people to repair this road, the two sides can not reach out. In this way, the Qing government put an end to the idea of seeking help from the foreigners and focus on self-maintenance.

In May 1905, the Beijing-Zhangzhou Railway Bureau and the establishment of the Bureau of Engineering, Chen Zhaochang for the General Manager, Zhan Tianyou for the Office of the Office of the Chief Engineer, in 1906 Zhan Tianyou was promoted to the Office of the General Manager and Chief Engineer. Zhan Tianyou clearly know the enormity of this task, he first had to resist cynicism from all sides: some people said he was "self-importance", "but spend a few dollars just", and even said he was "bold and arrogant! He was even called "audacious". He wrote to his American teacher, Mrs. Nosopo, "If the Jing-Zhang project fails, it will be not only my misfortune, but also the misfortune of the Chinese engineers, and will bring a great loss to China at the same time. In my acceptance of this task before and after, many foreigners blatantly claimed that Chinese engineers can not bear the Beijing-Zhangzhou line of stone and caves of the arduous project, but I insisted that I engineering. Fully embodies the patriotic heart of Chinese intellectuals and national responsibility.

Zhan Tianyou surveyed three routes, the second detour too far for the undesirable. The third is today's Fengsha line. Due to the limited funding from the Qing court, time is running out, Zhan Tianyou decided to use the first route, that is, from Fengtai north to Xizhimen, Shahe, through the Nankou, Juyongguan, Badaling, Huailai, Jimingyi, Xuanhua to Zhangjiakou, a total length of 360 miles. The whole line of the difficulties in the Guan ditch, this area of stacked mountains, cliffs, engineering difficulties at that time for the country did not, the world is rare; slope is very great, Nankou and Badaling height difference of 180 feet. Zhan Tianyou divided the whole line into three sections: Fengtai to Nankou for the first section, Nankou to Kangzhuang for the second section, the rest for the third section.