Are there any articles about horses?

On October 5th, 2002, the launching ceremony of stamps for the Year of the Horse was held in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province. This year's Zodiac stamps are designed with clay horses, a folk handicraft in Fengxiang County, Baoji City.

Wang: I came across a black and white horse on the bookshelf, which is the one selected now. At that time, the horse was dusty for a long time, and maybe no one moved it. But when I saw this horse, my heart lit up. I have a feeling that this year's zodiac ticket is the only one, so I think the jury chose this horse. I think it's this horse. One feature of this feature is that the shape is quite distinctive, very cute and childish, and another feature is that the colors are black and white, and the lines are simple and smooth. Another feature is that it is suitable for our engraving printing.

China's Zodiac stamps have not been issued for a long time, but they have always been loved by people, because they are in line with China people's pursuit of happiness and auspiciousness in the new year. Whenever stamps are issued, people who collect stamps or not like to buy one or two sets of zodiac stamps as a souvenir.

When Baoji Year of the Horse stamp was first issued, the stamp products signed by the designers of this set of zodiac stamps were welcomed by people. What is more striking is that there is an old man who is always surrounded by people. He is the producer of the clay horse statue selected in this set of stamps, Shen Hu, an old artist in Fengxiang County.

Shen Hu: My craft is passed down from my ancestors. I am 72 years old. I have painted this clay sculpture for more than 60 years. I learned the craft from my parents when I was a child.

Shen Hu, 73, is an out-and-out farmer, but as soon as he steps into his home, he will find that his family business is a small clay sculpture processing factory. From mixing mud, rolling mud cakes to entering and leaving the mold, all the working procedures are proceeding in an orderly way. Shen Hu's wife, two sons, daughter-in-law and four grandchildren all make colored sculptures.

Hu's family has their own specialties in clay sculpture, with a clear division of labor in kneading, drawing lines and coloring. Every slack season, the whole family sits on the kang and makes tiger-headed hanging pieces and clay animals together. Their works are full of local flavor, lifelike, rough and exaggerated, and have diverse styles, which are deeply loved by people from all walks of life. This time, the horse chosen as the stamp pattern of the zodiac was discovered by experts in the showroom of the Central Academy of Fine Arts.

Shen Hu: Why did you choose this horse as the national stamp? This horse has many advantages. For example, the horse I ride is full of energy, beautiful and elegant, with smooth lines and strong national flavor.

Fengxiang County, Baoji, where Shen Hu lives, is the birthplace of clay sculpture in China. Since the Zhou Dynasty, it has a history of more than 2,000 years. Because we are located in the Loess Plateau, people spend half of the year with the soil. In order to add some interest to life in the boring winter leisure, people use clay sculptures to express their love for life. During festivals, people will give their clay sculptures to friends and relatives to express their unique generosity and blessings to their friends.

Because Fengxiang's clay sculptures are always associated with folk customs, they are full of local flavor. Bold modeling, rich imagination, simple lines and gorgeous exaggerated colors make Fengxiang's clay sculpture convey a simple and warm interest.

In China, the zodiac is also called the zodiac, or the zodiac. According to the Chinese interpretation, "Sheng" means "Sheng" and "Xiao" means similarity and similarity. In other words, people born in a certain year have some connection with the animal habits represented by this year. Zodiac, not only in China, but also in Japanese, Cambodian, Indian, French, Myanmar and other countries, only in different ways, but all reflect the relationship between man and nature, which is inseparable and interdependent.

In ancient China, eleven kinds of animals and dragons were regarded as zodiac signs according to their haunting time and life characteristics, namely rats, cows, tigers, rabbits, dragons, snakes, horses, sheep, monkeys, chickens, dogs and pigs. These animals are more or less related to the life of ancient people.

The "Zodiac" has been circulating in China society for a long time, but it is difficult to verify when it originated. However, there are scattered expressions and records about the zodiac in The Book of Songs, the earliest collection of poems in China, which has a history of 3000 years.

Li Yan: In the Han Dynasty, it should be said that many categories of China's traditional studies were based on the formation system. There is an article called "Things" in Wang Chong's Lun Heng in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which records in black and white for the first time that the twelve earthly branches are related to twelve kinds of animals, including horses.

In human history, people and animals have a special relationship. Since ancient times, people's description and depiction of animal images have reached a high level. Animals in the zodiac have always been the objects of artists' creation, among which horses have become artists' favorite creative themes because they are closely related to human survival, production and life.

About 5000 years ago in the late Neolithic period, there were pictures of people and horses on Yinshan rock paintings in Inner Mongolia.

By the Qin dynasty more than two thousand years ago, the artistic image of horses had been very rich. In the famous Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor, a large number of terracotta warriors and horses symbolizing the millions of great masters of Qin Dynasty were unearthed. Even more surprising, two bronze chariots and horses were found in this tomb. Bronze chariots and horses are well-proportioned and lifelike. The vigorous and plump horse is covered with glittering gold and silver ornaments, with eyes fixed on the front, teeth clenched, teeth ticking, manes flying in the wind, and bamboo-cut horses' ears cocked up as if obeying orders. Only with a wave of his long strategy, he let go of his hoof and galloped away. Together with the horses in the Terracotta Warriors and Horses, the magnificent scene of the prosperity of Qin and Ma is outlined.

In the Tang Dynasty, due to the strong country, vast territory and frequent foreign exchanges, the role of horses in life, production and war became more obvious, so the image of horses became more prominent. Among them, the most famous one is the relief of Six Horses in Zhaoling of Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Liquan County, Shaanxi Province. These six war horses once accompanied Emperor Taizong in the north and south, and made great achievements. At that time, artists used simple and clear modeling to shape the posture and gait of war horses, showing their bravery and fortitude, highlighting their tenacious character, and also showing the magnificent momentum of the prosperous Tang culture.

In China, the love for horses is not limited to the emperor, but also to ordinary people. In Zhuji City, Zhejiang Province, there is a private residence of a wealthy businessman named "Thousand Bamboo Houses", which is magnificent and exquisite. In the "Thousand Pillars Building", there are many carved works of art, especially the "Hundred Horses Map" on the wall in the courtyard of the main house. The whole drawing consists of 2 1 square brick with a total length of 704 cm. Hundreds of horses are lifelike, lifelike and have both form and spirit, which fully expresses their owners' love for horses.

Li Yan: The oldest classic in China tells the story of heavenly spirit through the divination in the Book of Changes. He regards Marxism-Leninism as a divination, that is to say, the horse is a spirit of heaven, and the vigorous spirit is the spirit of self-improvement. In addition, the totem of our nation is that dragons and dragons are the embodiment of the sky, so many horses are also called dragons and horses, and even the words dragon and horse spirit have been changed, giving the animal image of horses the highest and vigorous position.

The bronze sculpture "Flying Swallows on Horses" unearthed in Gansu is the best interpretation of the spirit of "Tianma" by ancient people in China. This galloping horse with four hooves spread out is vigorous, with its head held high and its tail wagged. Its head slightly leans to the left, and its three legs are in the air. Only its left hind foot rests on the back of a sparrow flying with its wings flying, and it is full of lofty sentiments of "flying freely". "Flying Swallows on Horses" is the crystallization of artists' high wisdom, rich imagination, romantic spirit and superb artistic skills in Han Dynasty, and it is also the embodiment of the spirit of the times advocated at that time.

Since ancient times, the relationship between horses and people has been very close, and artistic images of horses with different characteristics of the times have appeared in all previous dynasties, and among these images, the most well-known is the tricolor horse in the Tang Dynasty.

Tang Sancai was a popular funerary object more than 0/000 years ago. Because they are based on yellow, green and white glaze colors, people are used to calling them "three colors of Tang Dynasty". Tang Sancai has artifacts, statues and all kinds of products, but the most successful is the image of various horses.

Tricolor horses are mostly static. Although they stand, they tend to run. Although they didn't sing, people seemed to hear whistles, which fully reflected the exquisite craftsmanship, wisdom and passion of the producers at that time.

The horses in the tri-colored Tang Dynasty are very different from those in real life. They are actually artistic images of horses.

Li Yan: The shaping of the horse embodies the spirit of an era in the Tang Dynasty, a spirit of vigor, vitality and courage, so he embodies a kind of magical power of the horse. He put it in the most noble position to shape it and exaggerate its most beautiful and spiritual part. It is different from the tricolor horse in real life. For example, its head is very small, its neck is particularly thick, its chest muscles are particularly developed, and its hips are very round. In some real life, there is no such horse at all. It mainly embodies the spirit of a horse, a dragon horse spirit, and uses internal strength to develop external modeling. Therefore, the image is mainly a horse, but more importantly, it embodies the spirit of a horse and the spirit of the times.

Tricolor horses are also dressed in various ways. From their costumes, we can see the rank, status and identity of people from all walks of life in the Tang Dynasty.

Li Yan: Because the Tang Dynasty was a feudal society with a strict hierarchy, there was an obvious hierarchy in the use and dressing of horses, just like the cars we use on the road now, such as Mercedes-Benz BMW Cadillac. Then the Tang Dynasty was a horse with flowers on its mane, which was generally used by princes, emperors and imperial courts.

There are also many works that people combine with horses, such as hunting figurines, riding figurines, groom figurines and so on. In these works, the figure and the horse's posture and manner reflect each other, showing the close relationship between man and horse.

There are also a large number of figurines of Hu people leading horses and riding horses in the tricolor horses, which reflects the open society and frequent foreign exchanges in the Tang Dynasty.

Tricolor horse is a symbol of economic and cultural prosperity in the Tang Dynasty and the embodiment of the spirit of the times. Their vivid modeling and flying spirit show the pursuit of an era.

The production technology of tricolor horse in Tang Dynasty has continued to this day, and tricolor horse has become a handicraft that people are happy to collect because of its unique artistic style. Now, you can see them in many places. Of course, for people who like horses, the art collection of horses is not limited to the three colors of Tang Dynasty.

This is a warm family of three. Cai Meng and Xu Xiaomei are the hosts of TV programs. Because of their work, they always have the opportunity to travel all over the country, so there are many souvenirs from all over the country and even all over the world in this family, and the most striking thing is their large collection of horses.

Cai Meng: I think everyone has different hobbies. Besides growing up, it should be said that there must be something in your blood, in your bones and in your inheritance. Of course it has something to do with my experience. I was born in Hohhot when I was a child. It is a pearl on the grassland. Since I was a child, I have watched horses rush to the Central Plains in droves. There are many people wearing Mongolian robes and restaurants that transport food with meat carts. I think my love for horses is possible. There will be indirect inspiration or induction. 1982 I got paid after I graduated from college. After getting the salary, the economy has certain economic conditions after independence. When you see what you like, you can buy one, one, one, one, one, one. I finally found out that most of the things I bought were horses. Later, I gradually realized that what I like is actually horses. From then on, I had the consciousness of collecting.

Xu Xiaomei: At first, I didn't quite understand it, and I didn't like it. I said I like to make my home warm and simple. I said you should stop buying these messy things and spend a lot of money. Then I think the effect of this shadow is not very good. One is that Cai Meng likes horses. I feel that he has fallen in love with this obsession. From my feeling, I should be smarter. It is better to turn this thing into a right one. I thought about it, which is also a good thing. I said you should pay attention to your taste, and don't bring everything at home in a mess, but I don't think I'm a real collection yet, because collections are generally collections, which is why this thing is of high value. Actually, what do I think? I think it's just love for me.

After mutual understanding and communication, they fell in love with horses and the collection of horse handicrafts. In this family, every artwork is carefully selected and placed by the owner, and there is an interesting story or unforgettable impression behind every artwork.

Cai Meng: For example, when I went to England to explain the 44th World Table Tennis Championships, I remembered that I was in a Japanese-run shop and I wanted to buy something because I didn't have much money. Then I have a watch with a very beautiful horse pattern on it. I was excited as soon as I saw that horse. The waiter said we didn't sell it. Then why don't we sell it? He said there was a little bit on the machine when I left. The problem is that it is just not on time. I said I'm not leaving now. He said he was leaving now. I may not go in the future, but I said it has nothing to do with me. I also asked him to say that you are responsible for yourself. We won't promise you such a guarantee. Later, I bought this watch. After I bought it, I really hung it for a few days, but I didn't go. I think it's beautiful. I thought I was prepared when I bought it. I like the shape of this watch and the design of its horse.

The love for horses and the collection of horse works of art have filled this family with a harmonious atmosphere. Every collection is a kind of history and a kind of culture. On the one hand, they are collected by people, on the other hand, they edify people's temperament in a unique way and make people indulge in the world they show.

Cai Meng: I have an idea in my mind that one day, if conditions permit, I will gradually turn to the explanation and explanation of horses. Equestrian now has six Olympic gold medals, and it is the only Olympic event for people and animals, and the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in China, so equestrian will definitely develop rapidly in China. Then I like horses. I learned a lot about horses from the collection process since the 1980s. I know myself and ride and raise horses myself. I think my ultimate goal is to use my love for horses, my understanding of horses and my passion to become a real commentary and comment on sports horses, so that many people can like this kind of animals, protect animals and care for them through my commentary, and they can live this happy life with horses.

Horses not only appear in folk arts and crafts, sculpture and private collections, but also are strongly expressed images in China's paintings in past dynasties. From those scrolls that have been handed down to this day, we may see the unique views of different artists in different times on the spirit of horse.

China was the first country in the world to invent lacquerware. In the pre-Qin period, especially in the Warring States period, decorative patterns appeared on lacquerware. In these patterns, there is an image of a horse. These lacquer paintings have rigorous composition, strong line drawing, strong contrast between cold and warm colors and rich decorative interest.

Since the Qin Dynasty, as China entered a unified feudal society, the country became powerful and the rulers began to build buildings on a large scale. From palaces, altars and temples to mansions and tombs, magnificent murals are painted, which depict a large number of horses or chariots and horses. Most of the compositions are full and complete, and animals such as figures and horses are randomly scattered, simple and sincere, and fascinating. In the famous Dunhuang murals, the image of horses is also very prominent. Some of them were true portraits of business travelers marching on the Silk Road at that time, while others were the crystallization of people's rich imagination at that time.

Li Yan: In addition, we can't help but mention the stone relief and brick relief in the Han Dynasty, which created the image of a war horse, pulling chariots and riding horses. It was the pinnacle of a generation of painting modeling. Why are such reliefs counted as paintings because there are a lot of rubbings that affect our painting world? Some painters who have influenced us, especially a horse drawn by a running horse-drawn cart on a brick of Han painting, have a square brick of Han painting, and the images of four horses on the brick of Han painting have great dynamic contrast, so when you see such a painting, your eyes wander from one horse to another, which invisibly forms a dynamic contrast on your retina and becomes a benign illusion, that is, the picture of horses moving in all directions is nothing. You have four horses. You think these four horses may run out of your picture in a short time. That is really a masterpiece of painting a horse nearly two thousand years ago.

During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Gu Kaizhi, a famous painter, took Cao Zhi's Ode to Luoshen as a script and reproduced a very romantic story in the form of pictures. This "Ode to the Goddess of Luo" has a lofty position in China painting circle. There are many people riding horses in this painting. Although the horse is only a foil after the characters' activities here, it is full of meaningful charm.

The image of a mature horse really appeared in painting in the Tang Dynasty. The famous painter Zhang Xuan described Yang Guifei's third sister, Mrs. Guo, and her family riding an outing in You Chuntu. Among these flowers, the image of the horse stands out.

In the Tang Dynasty, there were also a group of painters who were famous for painting horses.

Li Yan: Here is a name to look up. In Han Gan, which was also famous in the Tang Dynasty, there was a painting called Night White, which was the name of a horse. Used to be a good horse. A good horse has a name. It means that his horse hair is white when he walks at night. This means that the horse is tied to a horse post, but when you look at it, you don't want to be bound. As long as you untie this lasso, you can fly to the sky. This is the feeling of Li, a master sketch artist in Song Dynasty. It is interesting to describe these horses so succinctly in Mata's sketches. There is a horse keeper in front of every horse. At first glance, the image of a horse breeder is concave eyes and high nose. It must be a brother nation in the northwest. They are good at raising horses. Judging from the image of horses, they are also northwest horses, big-character horses and Wusun horses. The most famous is a white horse named Yu Huacong, which has a small gray circle.

Zhao Mengfu, a great painter who painted horses, appeared in the Yuan Dynasty. Zhao Mengfu is actually an all-round artist of poetry, calligraphy and painting. Drinking Horses in Autumn Suburbs and Bathing Horses are the representative works of Zhao Mengfu's pommel horse paintings. In these paintings, herdsman drives a dozen Mercedes-Benz horses, shuttling between wild seawater, green waves and mangroves. The picture layout is exquisite and the artistic conception is far-reaching. In particular, horses have different postures, such as rushing forward and then rushing, walking slowly, drinking water with their heads down, and ringing bells with their necks, which are vivid and lifelike. It is the top grade in the painting of horses.

The themes of China's paintings have a preference for horses from ancient times to modern times. One of the most representative is the horse painted by the famous painter Xu Beihong in China. Xu Beihong began to study painting at the age of nine and then went to Europe to study for eight years. After returning to China, he engaged in art education in universities and created a large number of works of various schools such as oil paintings. But the most praised is his "Horse".

His horseshoes are flying in the air, and his mane and tail hair stand upright. The pen is healthy and moist, and the freehand lines of Chinese painting are skillfully combined with western light and shadow techniques. The works not only have the bone method of Chinese painting, but also have a strong three-dimensional sense. The whole painting is dripping with ink, with extensive brushwork and thin momentum, which is unique in Chinese painting.

Li Yan: Mr. Xu Beihong lived in an era of frequent national disasters in modern China and had strong patriotism and democratic thoughts. The horses he painted are completely the embodiment of his personal thoughts and the spirit of the times related to the times. It was at the end of the civil war in the 1940s that he drew a galloping horse. What's the title above? All the mountains and rivers have returned to democracy, and the rugged road has been razed. This shows that Mr. Xu Beihong expressed his hope that our country would quickly end the civil war, unite and build a new China with a bright future through such a horse galloping down from the saddle.

Horses have lived with humans for many years. They not only promote the progress of human production and life, but also enrich our spiritual world and provide countless inspirations for human artistic creation. Horses are man's closest companions.

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Since ancient times, "BMW has been a hero", which shows that BMW is also beautiful.

There is a saying called "Lyu3 bu4 in the crowd, red rabbit in the horse pile". Whether this sentence is right or not will not be discussed first. But Dong Zhuo must have taken this sentence as truth. Dong Zhuo is heavily armed and wants to seize the Han family. However, a thousand troops are easy to get, but generals are hard to find. He took a fancy to Lu Bu, but it was difficult to win him over. Although Lu Bu is a cynic, he is not an idle person. Ordinary wealth is not enough to impress him. But he was still on Dong Zhuo's account because of the red rabbit BMW. When Lu Bu chose BMW, he chose the road of "recognizing the thief as his father". Although he later made great contributions to killing Dong thief, he will never get rid of the notoriety of "three surnames of domestic slaves".

Hugh said that a villain like Lu Bu, who is familiar with the Spring and Autumn Annals and understands Guan Yunchang's "Cao Cao in his heart and the Han Dynasty in his heart", learned that after his brother lived in Hebei for a long time, he put on a good show of "hanging seals and sealing gold" and gave up all the gold, silver and beautiful women given by Cao Cao, but he just rode away the red rabbit BMW given by the Prime Minister! It can be seen that no matter how great a hero is, it is difficult to compete with the great temptation of BMW! Hero, what can a hero do? Love horses like life! If you have a BMW, what can you ask?

No wonder Yun Changgong didn't want to give up his war horse. As the saying goes, "Love grows with time". Although horses are animals, they are also very human. Once people get along with it for a long time, they will inevitably have special feelings for it. Hou Jichang, a Xibe ethnic group, was imprisoned for seven years, but he was still hunted repeatedly after regaining his freedom. At the critical moment, his hundredth son, Lei Zhenzi, tried to carry him through five customs. The gentleman said, "I just can't bear to part with my white horse for many years!" " Heaven and earth are enough to move! Xibohousu is famous for his kindness and has a soft spot for white horses! At such a moment where you are going, the horse shed tears, gave a long hiss, and was deeply grieved! When Xibohou flew into the blue sky and suddenly looked back, the horse had already disappeared in the lush foliage. In addition, Qin's mount, Huang Sima, was unfortunately killed in the battlefield. Uncle Bao beat his chest, was in great pain, and even had a serious illness. This BMW has been with Uncle Bao for many years and achieved remarkable results, which won Uncle Bao's love. More importantly, the origin of this horse. When Uncle Bao was down and out, Dan Xiong Xin generously gave it to BMW. Uncle Bao saw it, if he saw it, but he didn't report it today, and Sima has gone. Can he not be sad?

Horses are human. Since people love them so much, horses will repay their masters. After Guan Yu was captured by Sun Quan, Red Rabbit BMW also lost its owner. Who would have thought that such a BMW would go on a hunger strike and eventually die heroically! People say there is truth in the world, and I want to say that horses also have truth! The real BMW also chooses its own owner. Since I can't accompany my master to the front, I will end up in the same month as my master (dare not say the same day). What a big red rabbit! Guan Yu's brother Liu Bei got a "Delu" BMW in Jingzhou. This horse stepped forward when Liu Bei was in danger, and the feat of "leaping over Tanxi" made Cai Mao helpless. Some people say that Liu Bei's "auspicious people have their own nature" is really reasonable. Without the help of "Lu", I'm afraid this timid man with average martial arts would have been thrown into Tanxi to feed the fish. How can there be a great cause of "putting all your eggs in one basket in troubled times, and eventually Wen Da will be a vassal"? Horses can do the same, how can people be heartless?

A gentleman loves a horse, but he should "outsmart it." The bully in Water Margin stole Hu's BMW. After a battle, Zhou Tong became a Liangshan hero, others were caught up with Liangshan, and he was "stolen". It's also a BMW. Zeng Toucheng took a "night jade lion horse" as his own, but it was trampled by the Liangshan army. Why other people's horses were also taken away, and one became a Liangshan hero, drinking in a big bowl and eating meat in large pieces, while the other was killed? The answer is simple. Zhou Tong is a bandit and a "friend", and he also took the royal horse, while Zengtou City is not a "friend", but he took the horse of Chaotian Wang! How can Liang Shanbo, who does justice for heaven, tolerate such an ignorant person? It seems that we must abide by a certain "Tao" when riding a horse, but it is difficult to make an exact explanation of what this "Tao" is.

Since horses are so human, they are bound to bear traces of people, such as the difference of grades and the distinction between nobility and inferiority. In the battle of Guandu, Cao Cao was cornered by Yuan Shao, and the army was short of food and grass. The soldier in charge of the horse once said to a horse like this: "We all have no food, how can we let you spoil it?" I think you are the mount of the Prime Minister, so I will let you eat more! "Look, the prime minister's mount, treatment is not the same! If other horses can understand, it is not impossible to have a riot! The Monkey King is looking after horses for the Jade Emperor. It seems that he is not satisfied. Later, the monkey descended from heaven to subdue the demon, and often shouted, "My old grandson is the Monkey King, the Great Sage of Qitian, making trouble in Heaven!" Even if people laugh at "who am I, it turned out to be Bi Marvin" again and again, I am willing! What happened to the horse? That's the jade emperor's horse, too! Insulting this "Bi Marvin" will eventually bring bad luck. It seems that beating a dog depends on its owner, so does raising a horse!

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people had not yet learned to fight on horseback. At that time, chariots were widely used. Nobles and slave owners sat in chariots, and those who ran hard with swords behind them were slaves. So how are slave owners graded? Look at the horse pulling the cart. Whose Mado? What's the matter with you? What's the matter with you? Hey? Crispy? What's the matter with you? Then play? Even the Great Wall of the Empire? I'm still afraid of you. Why don't you forgive me? What do you think of Miaona's boat? Hey? Speaking of dental caries? Slow media? Stall for time? ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝ ┝. Hey? Let's talk about it Is it burning? Do you want to sneak a harmonic model? So look at the small reef next to the clock. Play plum and Shu? Follow the trick? What's the matter with you? ! Rake slaughter? Strontium ∪ Excuse me? 26.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.6.931hey? ィ? What happened to this building?

I suddenly found it really tiring to be a war horse. Being a BMW is even more tiring than being a man. It is better to run freely on the grassland, regardless of the geometry of the smoke, just seeking food and clothing, enough!

Edited on 2005- 10-0 19: 33.