What is CNC machining?

"CNC" is the abbreviation of English ComputerizedNumericalControl. Traditional machining is to operate ordinary machine tools by hand. When machining, the metal is cut by shaking mechanical tools by hand, and the precision of the product is measured by calipers with eyes and other tools. Modern industry has long used computer-controlled machine tools to operate, and CNC machine tools can automatically process any products and parts directly according to the programs compiled by technicians in advance. This is what we call "CNC machining". Numerical control machining is widely used in various fields of mechanical processing, and it is also the development trend and important and necessary technical means of mold processing. Computer numerical control, abbreviated as numerical control. It is a method that uses digital information to control the movement and machining process of machine tools. A machine tool that uses numerical control technology to realize machining control, or a machine tool equipped with a numerical control system, is called a numerical control (NC) machine tool. Numerical control system includes: numerical control device, programmable controller, spindle driver and feed device. CNC machine tools are highly integrated products of machinery, electricity, liquid, gas and light. In order to control the machine tool, it is necessary to describe the relative motion between the tool and the workpiece with geometric information, and to describe some process parameters that the machine tool must have with process information. For example: feed speed, spindle speed, spindle rotation, tool change, coolant switch, etc. These information are stored in the information carrier in a certain format, and then read in by the numerical control system on the machine tool. Through decoding, the machine tool can move and process parts. Modern CNC machine tool is a typical product of mechatronics, and it is the technical basis of a new generation of production technology and computer integrated manufacturing system.

The development trend of modern CNC machine tools is high speed, high precision, high reliability, multi-function, compound, intelligent and open structure. The main development trend is to develop an intelligent universal numerical control device with open hardware and software structure. Numerical control technology is the basis of machining automation and the core technology of numerical control machine tools. Its level is related to the strategic position of the country and the level reflecting the comprehensive strength of the country. It develops with the development of information technology, microelectronics technology, automation technology and detection technology. CNC machining center is a kind of CNC machine tool with tool magazine, which can automatically change tools and perform various machining operations on workpieces within a certain range. The characteristics of machining parts in machining center are as follows: after the machined parts are clamped once, the CNC system can control the machine tool to automatically select and replace tools according to different processes; Automatically change the auxiliary functions such as the spindle speed, feed speed and the movement track of the cutter relative to the workpiece, and continuously and automatically perform multi-process machining such as drilling, countersinking, boring, tapping and milling on each machining surface of the workpiece. Because the machining center can automatically complete various processes in a centralized way, it can avoid human errors, reduce the time of workpiece clamping, measuring and machine tool adjustment, as well as the time of workpiece turnover, handling and storage, and greatly improve the machining efficiency and accuracy, so it has good economic benefits. Machining center can be divided into vertical machining center and horizontal machining center according to the position of spindle in space. Is numerical control technology and equipment emerging? Enabling technologies and the most basic equipment for high-tech industries and cutting-edge industries. Numerical control technology is widely used in information industry, bio-industry, aviation, aerospace and other national defense industries all over the world, in order to improve the manufacturing capacity and level, and improve the adaptability and competitiveness to the market. Industrially developed countries also list numerical control technology and equipment as national strategic materials. They not only vigorously developed their own numerical control technology and industry, but also imposed a blockade and restriction policy on China in terms of "sophisticated" numerical control key technologies and equipment. Therefore, vigorously develop numerical control technology as the core? Advanced manufacturing technology has become an important way for developed countries to accelerate economic development and improve their comprehensive national strength and national status.