What does Chen Weisong mean by Jiang Nanchun?

Jiangnan, the sound of green and red flowers, the waterside village in the foothills.

More than 480 ancient temples were left in the Southern Dynasties, and countless pagodas were shrouded in wind and rain.

Brief introduction of the author

Du Mu (803 ~ 854) was born in Mu Zhi, Fan Chuan in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi City, Shaanxi Province). Born into a bureaucratic landlord family for generations. Zhong Shi, 26, is the librarian of Hong Wen Pavilion. Later, in addition to working as a local aide for ten years, he also worked as an ambassador in Huang, Chi, Mu and Hu, and also worked as a supervisor, food department, comparison department and foreign minister in the central government, and finally wrote a book. Author of Fan Chuan's collected works.

Du Mu was a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty. In his youth, Du Mu had the ambition to rule the country and level the world, liked reading military books, was upright and upright, and dared to point out the shortcomings of the past. Later, because of being involved in the political whirlpool of the struggle between Niu and Li, political opinions did not unfold, and finally they fell into a decadent and enjoyable life.

In the aspect of literature, Du Mu advocated the application of literature, emphasizing the content first, supplemented by the form, and advocating the unpretentious style of writing; Oppose moaning and one-sided pursuit of form. In the literary world of the late Tang Dynasty, he advocated "seeking high, not seeking novelty" and was unique in his heroic and handsome style. His seven laws and seven laws are very successful, and the seven laws are particularly concise and natural. Many famous articles are read by later generations. Because of his great achievements in poetry, later generations called him and Du Fu "Xiao Du" and Li Shangyin "Du Xiaoli". Although Du Mu wrote some progressive poems, he also wrote many negative, decadent and tasteless works. These poems containing dross should be paid attention to and criticized.

To annotate ...

1, Guo: Outer City. Wine flag: wine curtain, a sign hung high outside the hotel.

2. Southern Dynasties: The Song, Qi, Liang and Chen Dynasties, whose capital was built in Jiankang (now Nanjing) after the Eastern Jin Dynasty, were collectively referred to as the Southern Dynasties. The rulers at that time were all good at Buddhism and built a large number of temples.

3. Four hundred and eighty temples: emperors and bureaucrats of the Southern Dynasties built Buddhist temples in Beijing (now Nanjing). According to the biography of Guo Zushen, the official history of South China, there are more than 500 Buddhist temples. The 480 temples mentioned here are approximate figures.

4. Loutai: refers to the temple.

Translate poetry

The vast Jiangnan, singing and dancing,

Villages by the water, battlements by the mountain, all have wine flags fluttering in the wind.

The rulers of the Southern Dynasties believed in Buddhism and built 480 temples.

How many terraces are shrouded in this misty rain now?

Make an appreciative comment

This is a four-line poem describing the scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. How charming and desirable Jiangnan is. "When the sun rises, the river is brighter than fire. When spring comes, the river is as green as blue." Bai Juyi has painted a series of gorgeous pictures for us, but that is only macroscopic, while Du Mu's "Jiangnan Spring" is relatively specific. It seems that we have been to several scenic spots, and we are more impressed. Du Mu not only depicts the beautiful spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, but also reproduces the misty balcony scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, making the scenery in the south of the Yangtze River more magical and confusing. "Thousands of miles of warblers sing green and red, and the water town is full of fruit wine flags." First of all, the poet brought us into the colorful Jiangnan world. You see, there are songs and dances everywhere, green trees and red flowers everywhere; Dripping water village, battlements surrounded by mountains, especially wine flags fluttering in the wind, are so charming! The interpretation of A Thousand Miles is to write about the whole south of the Yangtze River, but the whole is expressed through concrete images. "Four hundred and eighty temples in the Southern Dynasties were covered with misty rain." There are also temples, which are an important part of the transition to the scenery in the south of the Yangtze River and have a sense of vicissitudes. Many Buddhist buildings left over from the Southern Dynasties are looming in the spring breeze and spring rain, adding confusing beauty. What the poet said here is not "480 temples facing north", but "480 temples facing south", which obviously has different meanings. The rulers of the Southern Dynasties lost their lives for Buddhism, wasted people's money and built a large number of temples. "Southern History Guo Ancestral Family" said: "When the emperor understands Buddhist scriptures, he will change his customs. Therefore, the ancestors said that they all went to more than 500 Buddhist temples, which were extremely magnificent and had more than 100,000 monks and nuns. The assets are rich, and there are no words in the county. " On this basis, Mutu said that there are obviously fewer "480 temples". Today, the "480 Temple in the Southern Dynasties" has become a historical relic and an integral part of the beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. There is no lack of irony in aesthetics, and the connotation of poetry is richer. The four sentences in this poem are all scenic words, each with its own characteristics. There are sounds and colors, space expansion and time tracking. In just 28 words, the poet painted us a vivid and verve picture of spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River in very popular language.

This song "Jiangnan Spring" has enjoyed a high reputation for thousands of years. These four poems not only describe the richness of spring scenery in Jiangnan, but also describe its vastness, profundity and confusion.

"Thousands of miles of warblers sing green and reflect red, and the water town is full of wine flags." The beginning of the poem, like a fast-moving focal plane, swept across the southern land: the vast south of the Yangtze River, orioles singing, green trees reflecting clusters of red flowers; You can see the villages by the water, the battlements by the mountain and the wine flags fluttering in the wind. Charming Jiangnan, moved by the poet's brilliant pen, is even more exciting. In addition to the richness of the scenery, I am afraid it is different from some garden attractions, confined to a corner, but because it is spread over a large area of land. Therefore, if there is no word "a thousand miles" at the beginning, these two sentences will be weak. However, Yang Shen in Ming Dynasty said in Poems of Sheng 'an Temple: "Who can listen thousands of miles away? "Thousands of miles of green, who can see? If you travel ten miles, you will see green and red scenery, village Guo, balcony, monk temple and wine flag. " For this kind of opinion, He Huan Wen once refuted it in Textual Research on Poems of Past Dynasties: "Even if you make ten miles, you may not be able to hear it. The title cloud "Spring in the South of the Yangtze River" shows that Wan Li in the south of the Yangtze River is vast, and among the Wan Li, birds are singing and reflecting the green. There are no wine flags everywhere in Shuicun Mountain, and most of the towers of the 480 Hall are in the misty rain. This poem is wide, so it is not allowed to refer to one place, so it is called "Spring in the South of the Yangtze River" ... "He's statement is right, which is for the needs of typical generalization of literature and art, and the last two sentences are the same. "Four hundred and eighty halls in the southern dynasties, how many towers are misty and rainy." From the first two sentences, it should be a sunny scene with singing and dancing, red and green setting each other off and wine flags fluttering, but these two sentences are clearly written in the misty rain. What's going on here? This is because within a thousand miles, rain or shine is uncertain everywhere, which is completely understandable. But what needs to be seen is that the poet grasped the characteristics of Jiangnan scenery with typical techniques. Jiangnan is characterized by beautiful mountains and rivers, bright flowers, intricate colors, rich levels and strong three-dimensional sense. While reducing thousands of miles to a scale, the poet focused on the colorful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River in spring. The first two sentences of the poem are red and green, mountains and rivers, villages and battlements, movements and sounds. But these are not rich enough, and they only depict the bright side of Jiangnan in spring. So the poet added a wonderful stroke: "Four hundred and eighty halls in the southern dynasties, how many towers are misty and rainy." The resplendent and heavily built Buddhist temple has always given people a deep feeling, but now the poet deliberately lets it linger in the misty rain, adding a hazy and blurred color. This kind of picture and color are in harmony with the beautiful scenery of "thousands of miles of warblers singing green and reflecting red, and the wind of national wine flags in water towns and mountains", which makes this picture of Jiangnan Spring more colorful. The word "Southern Dynasties" adds a distant historical color to this picture. "480" is a saying that the Tang people emphasize quantity. The poet first emphasized that there was more than one magnificent Buddhist temple, and then sang with the sigh that "misty rain is coming", which is particularly reverie.

This poem shows the poet's praise and yearning for the scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. However, some researchers put forward the "satire theory", arguing that the emperors of the Southern Dynasties were famous for Buddhism in the history of China, and that the Buddhism in Du Mu's era was also a vicious development, while Du Mu had anti-Buddhism thoughts, so the last two sentences were ironic. In fact, the interpretation of poetry should first start from the artistic image, and should not make abstract inferences. Du Mu's opposition to Buddhism does not mean that he must hate the Buddhist temple architecture left over from history. In Xuanzhou, he often goes to Kaiyuan Temple and other places to play. I have also been to some temples in Chizhou and made friends with monks. Famous phrases such as "Clouds on Jiuhuashan Road, Liu Fuqiao on Qingyi River" and "Autumn Mountain and Spring Rain Wandering All over Jiangnan Temple Building" all show that he still appreciates the balcony of the Buddhist temple. Of course, while enjoying it, it is also possible to drift a little historical emotion occasionally. It expresses that the author's mood is neutral, and there is neither obvious hatred nor obvious evil. He's just writing about the scenery and singing about spring.

Yang Shen's evaluation of Jiangnan Spring in the Ming Dynasty is also quite famous in history. His evaluation is as follows:

Shen's poem of Sheng 'an Temple says: Who can smell it thousands of miles away? Thousands of miles of green reflect red, who can see it? Walking ten miles, you can see the scenery of green and red, with village Guo, balcony, monk temple and wine flag.

He Huan Wen's Textual Research on Poetry in Past Dynasties refutes that even if it is ten miles, it may not be all audible. The title cloud "Spring in the South of the Yangtze River" shows that Wan Li in the south of the Yangtze River is vast, and among the Wan Li, birds are singing and reflecting the green. There are no wine flags everywhere in Shuicun Mountain, and most of the towers of the 480 Hall are in the misty rain. This poem has a wide meaning and can't refer to only one place, so it is always called "Spring in the South of the Yangtze River".

[Edit this paragraph] Spring in the South of the Yangtze River written by Kou Zhun.

Kou Zhun

The waves are endless, Liu Yiyi.

The grass in the lonely village is far away, and the apricot flowers fly in the setting sun.

Jiang Nanchun was completely heartbroken, and Pingman Tingzhou people did not return.

Jiang Nanchun, here is the epigraph name.

Kou Zhun is the only existing word with the inscription "Jiangnan Spring". This epigraph may be named by the author from the sentence "It's warm in the south of the Yangtze River" in the Southern Dynasties.

Appreciation of Kou Zhun's Ci

With beautiful, gentle and affectionate brushstrokes, scenes, feelings and scenes, this word expresses the feelings of women who are pregnant and hurt their spring. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Hu Zai commented on this word in Tiaoxi Fishing in Conghua: "If you look at this idea, you are indecisive; At the end of the temple, the strategy of making a decisive decision is not similar to this poem. The same is true of people who are difficult to know! "

The first four sentences outline a picture of Jiangnan in the late spring: spring water is flooding, smoke waves are rippling, willows on the shore are fluttering. The endless lush grassland extends to the distant horizon. In the sunset, the lonely village is deserted, and only withered apricot flowers are flying everywhere. The above four sentences contain rich meanings and feelings. "The waves are boundless" and the water is long, which contains the deep affection of a beautiful woman looking through autumn water. Liu Yiyi makes people feel sad and reminds them of Changting's farewell. The sentence in Lonely Village shows the loneliness of the protagonist's mood, while the sentence in Sunset contains the desolation and sadness of "helpless flowers falling"

The conclusion of the two sentences is based on the layer-by-layer rendering of the previous scenery, which expresses the heroine's sadness directly and vividly, making people feel that her youth is passing away in the long wait of loneliness.

[Edit this paragraph] Painter Jiang Nanchun

(1925.10—2008.11.26.) was born in chenbao town, xinghua city, Jiangsu province. Good at Chinese painting, New Year pictures and comics. 65438-0950 Attend the Shanghai Comic Study Class. He used to be an editor and creator of Shanghai Popular Fine Arts Publishing House and Shanghai People's Fine Arts Publishing House. His works include Ode to Heroes, Ode to the Motherland, etc. General Chen Yi won the prize in the annual national art exhibition.

Art editor, former deputy editor of Shanghai People's Fine Arts Publishing House, member of China Artists Association, director of Shanghai Artists Association, librarian of Shanghai Literature and History Research Institute, and deputy director of Shanghai Maritime Painting and Calligraphy Research Institute.

I studied in my hometown in my early years. I loved painting since I was a child and learned to paint temporarily. 15 years old, working as an enlightenment teacher in Children's Home, making a living from folk painting. 1946 engaged in the creation of stage art and comics in Shanghai at the beginning, 195 1 joined the publishing house, 1956 merged with the public-private new art publishing house to form Shanghai People's Fine Arts Publishing House. He served as Art editor Art editor and deputy editor. He is mainly engaged in the creation of comic books, New Year pictures, posters, traditional Chinese paintings and decorative paintings, and has published 10 kinds of comic books, 100 New Year pictures and some decorative illustrations in newspapers and periodicals. The Chinese painting General Chen Yi and The Roar of the Lion won the third prize in the national exhibition, the Chinese painting Ode to the Ancestor won the second prize in Shanghai literature and art, and the comic book Pipa won the national publishing silver prize. Chinese painting Ode to a Hero and Dear Premier Zhou were collected by China Art Museum and Shanghai Literature and History Museum respectively.

[Edit this paragraph ]IT person Jiang Nanchun

1994, Jiang Nanchun, a junior, established Yongyi Advertising Company as the general manager. By 200 1 year, Yongyi's income has reached10.50 billion, and it has become famous in the advertising industry in Shanghai.

In May 2003, Jiang Nanchun founded Focus Media and served as the chairman and CEO of the board of directors. At this time, Jiang Nanchun decided to bypass the traditional media with fierce competition and take the road of "focusing" to specialize in the construction of LCD media.

From June 5438 to February 2003, Jiang Nanchun was named the media figure of the year and was awarded the title of "China Contemporary Excellent Advertiser".

In March 2005, Jiang Nanchun was named "China Advertising 10 Man of the Hour".

On July 13, 2005, Focus Media successfully landed on the NASDAQ stock market in the United States, becoming the first pure advertising media listed overseas in China, and set an IPO record at that time with the financing amount of 654.38+72 million US dollars.

After listing, Jiang Nanchun began to compete for territory in the domestic pan-advertising field:

On June 4th, 2006, 65,438, Focus Media acquired Frame Media for $39.6 million, adding high-end apartment media resources to its territory.

Four days later (June 5438+October 8, 2006/KLOC-0), Focus Media invested heavily again, investing 325 million dollars to acquire Juzhong Media, the second largest building video media operator in China at that time, further consolidating its dominance in the fields of building TV, community TV and outdoor big screen.

On March 7, 2006, Focus Media wholly acquired Beijing Kaiwei Diangao Network Technology Co., Ltd. with150,000 US dollars in cash and150,000 US dollars in stock, launched the "Focus Wireless" mobile advertising media brand, and entered the field of mobile advertising.

On August 3rd, 2006, KLOC-0, Focus Media acquired the cinema advertising company ACL. After the acquisition, ACL was renamed Focus Cinema Network and entered the field of cinema advertising.

On March 1 2007, Focus Media announced that it would acquire the largest online advertising service provider in China with US$ 70 million in cash and US$ 65,438+55 million in common stock of Focus Media, and enter the field of online advertising.

Forbes list in 2006: 40th.

2006 Hurun Report: No.51

Total assets in 2006 (billion): 465,438+0

[Edit this paragraph] Jiang Nanchun's successful course

199 1: due to debt 160 yuan broke into the advertising industry.

199 1 year, Jiang Nanchun 18 years old was admitted to the Chinese Department of East China Normal University. Jiang Nanchun, who just entered the university, began to ponder how to earn some money in order to satisfy his desire for early independence, so that he would not have to go home for a long time to listen to his parents' nagging. Freshman 7 yuan spent two hours tutoring, which can no longer meet Jiang's daily expenses.

Like most Shanghai natives, Jiang's parents are working-class, his father is a financial accountant and his mother runs a small convenience store.

In the last semester of sophomore year, in order to pay off the debt borrowed from classmates 160 yuan for running for the president of the student union, Jiang, who was already the president of the student union, seized an opportunity to make money: a company called Shanghai Asia-Pacific Film and Television Company came to the school to recruit salesmen, and the monthly salary of 300 yuan was a considerable income for Jiang, who was still a student at that time.

In order to make money and pay off debts, Jiang started his first job: sales. A month later, there were only two of the 30 salesmen left, and Jiang Nanchun was one of them. At that time, I was selling an advertisement for a program called Oriental TV Melody, and I could make several customers a month. My performance is quite good. By the time of 1993, I had made about13 of the company's turnover, about 1.5 million yuan.

Jiang Nanchun often repeats the experience of initial sales promotion. At that time, it was mainly for commercial advertising. At that time, Huaihai Road, a new commercial street in Shanghai, had just been built, so I went to sweep Huaihai Road and went shopping one by one. I only made sales for the first few months, and then I started to do the whole case, directing, writing advertising scripts, creating ideas, shooting and selling advertisements myself.

With such courage, Jiang Nanchun soon became the second boss of this company.

But Jiang Nanchun, who has a strong nature, doesn't want to work all the time. 1February, 994, Jiang, who was still a junior, started a business; In July of the same year, Jiang set up a joint venture with Hong Kong Yongyi Group and other partners, and registered Yongyi Communication with a registered capital of 1 10,000 yuan. This is a creative advertising company. 1995, the company successfully won the advertising project of Wuxi street lamp light box.

In the same year, due to the separation of the company partner in charge of Wuxi project from Yongyi and the withdrawal of Hong Kong Yongyi Group due to its own business problems, Yongyi Communication encountered a big changes in equity, and its business also faced many challenges and adjustments.

In the next seven years, Jiang Nanchun completely integrated his life with Yongyi.

1995: Understanding IDG Media Group

Although the annual turnover of 1995 reached about 5 million yuan, it was already a medium-sized advertising company at that time, and the company also had many advertisers in Shanghai, including Lenovo. However, because the company has no core big customers and business, and there is no core industry to rely on, and the changes in equity that the company met, Jiang Nanchun, as the founder, clearly realized that Yongyi at this time, if it continues like this, will produce many problems.

At this time, in order to finance the independent Wuxi project, Jiang Nanchun found the famous IT media group IDG. Unexpectedly, due to policy restrictions, foreign capital is not allowed to enter the advertising industry in China. Although this project didn't pass, Jiang himself had an indissoluble bond with the media group.

Jiang Nanchun, who has been keenly aware that the IT industry will grow into a huge emerging industry in the near future, has not let go of such a coincidence. 1 99665438+1October1,Jiang Nanchun joined IDG Media Group to organize the Shanghai office for them; Yongyi has naturally become the most important advertising company in IDG media industry. From 65438 to 0998, Yongyi's annual income reached 50 million yuan to 60 million yuan, accounting for almost 95% of Shanghai's IT advertising industry. Speaking of this, Jiang Nanchun feels extremely proud.

However, the super monopoly has also caused the development of Yongyi to encounter a bottleneck. In Shanghai IT advertising market, only 5% of the balance is left to Yongyi. Exploring new models has become a new problem for Jiang Nanchun.

1999: Yongyi launches diversification strategy.

We have two choices: one is to use the resources of IT industry to expand the markets in Beijing and Guangzhou; The second is to try to enter other industries, such as real estate and home appliances, hoping to become a diversified advertising company.

From 65438 to 0999, we began to diversify. Regrettably, such a strategy did not make Yongyi achieve greater development. Jiang Nanchun explained that as a new entrant, Yongyi's business development is not smooth because the team in Shanghai can't serve Beijing, and the market competition in Beijing is fierce. Although the Guangzhou market has developed well, it is far less successful than Shanghai. Similarly, in other industries, Yongyi has won customers such as OOCL, but it is difficult to achieve economies of scale.

In 2000, Jiang Nanchun seized an unexpected new opportunity: the Internet, which also brought a qualitative leap for Yongyi communication: in 2000, Yongyi's turnover exceeded 100 million, mainly relying on the Internet. In Jiang Nanchun's view, this year is a crucial revolutionary year for Yongyi. Yongyi's turnover suddenly increased by 50 million, mainly because it represented seven websites at the same time.

Yongyi's successful breakthrough lies in Jiang Nanchun seizing another opportunity. In 2000, Tang Yi, a once-popular website, established Ye Hao Company. At that time, it was a pure technology company, providing software services for website advertising monitoring, which was listed in the homepage link of Sina, a famous portal website. Jiang Nanchun and IDG Group, which valued the company at that time, both invested in it. It is through online and offline interaction with Ye Hao that Yongyi was able to win a large number of Internet advertisements. Today, Ye Hao Advertising has become the largest Internet advertising company in China.

Hundreds of millions of operating income did not make life easier for Jiang Nanchun. Especially 200 1, this year has also become the most painful year in the history of Yongyi growth.

It is the internet, a new industry, which has made Yongyi a qualitative leap. At the same time, in 200 1 year, with the bursting of the internet economic bubble, Yongyi also suffered a fatal blow. Seven customers almost disappeared because of the sudden disappearance of the Internet. This has nothing to do with our service, but the industry seems to have suddenly collapsed overnight. This makes us extremely painful.

When the company's turnover level exceeds 100 million, we can't return to tens of millions. Because all the operating costs and labor costs of the company can't go back, including the company invited a large number of creative personnel from 4A first-class advertising companies such as Ogilvy and Thomson. To maintain the normal operation of the company, the company must maintain a turnover of 65.438+0.3 billion to 65.438+0.4 billion yuan. We can only work hard.

We must seek a new growth path forever. Since 2002, Yong Yi has started a new attempt to walk on two legs. On the one hand, we will make every effort to change the role of media strategy service provider and make Yongyi develop into a professional media buying agent; Give up the original plan of developing into an advertising agency service provider for the whole case, and base on the strategy, planning and procurement service provider of the media. For example, Fuji is our original customer. However, some customers who developed after 2002, such as China Merchants Bank, are pure media strategy customers, so we will no longer set foot in advertising creativity. Today, Yongyi still has creative departments, but they mainly provide advertising creative services for some old customers. On the other hand, efforts have been made to create new media, which has actually become the current focus media.

2003: Passion Kid performed Focus Media.

According to Jiang Nanchun, Focus actually evolved from a new project that Yongyi tried.

Jiang, who was born in advertising, is good at selling and speaking. He talks for four hours in front of any stranger and sleeps for four hours every day on average. He has a tireless enthusiasm for work. What is more desirable is his innovative ability. In his own view, Yongyi created by him has such a natural advantage: compared with 4A advertising company, our innovative ability is quite strong. One is the innovative use of traditional media, and the other is the development of innovative advertising media platforms that have not existed before.

In Jiang Nanchun's view, traditional media has little influence on advertising professionals. Ordinary newspapers, they can't see at all, generally don't drive past newsstands, don't take the subway, only the underground garage, they will pass by. There are newspapers in the office, but they have no time to reply to emails or read newspapers. I will watch TV when I go home at night, but I may fall asleep in 10 minutes. While driving, they do see some advertisements, but they don't have the heart to watch them at all, because they have to keep calling. For these people, it is necessary to set up media in clubs, gyms, office buildings and other places where they often live.

This understanding made Jiang Nanchun think of an attempt to make TV advertisements non-family. We can only help advertisers reach different target groups by taking TV advertisements from home to all places except the places where we often go, and by setting video advertisements in different places, so as to greatly improve the effectiveness of communication and avoid wasting a lot of media budget on the wrong people. With this concept, Jiang immediately thought of elevators that had never been used in high-end office buildings before, and used people's boring time waiting for elevators to broadcast advertisements.

In May 2003, Jiang Nanchun registered Focus Media (China) Holdings Co., Ltd. as CEO. After Focus Media obtained abundant capital through private placement, Jiang Nanchun launched an enclosure offensive in major cities across the country with lightning speed. In just over two years, Jiang Nanchun has occupied 20,000 commercial buildings in 45 cities across the country. According to the latest statistics, Focus has 37,500 LCD screens in China. As described by Forbes magazine, Jiang Nanchun occupied the main local high-grade office buildings with the fastest speed, leaving the remaining market space to imitators who appeared later.