How to Store Redjade Apples and the Preservation and Storage Methods of Apples

1. Simple storage: refers to ditch burying, stacking and cellar storage. There is no fixed storage facility, but natural environmental conditions are used. This kind of storage is mostly carried out in the place of origin, which is simple and easy to operate and has low storage cost. If the climatic conditions are suitable in some years, the storage effect is better. These storage methods should pay attention to that after harvesting, apples cannot be directly put into ditches (pits) or piled up. It should be placed in a cool and ventilated place for cooling, shaded during the day, uncovered at night to cool down, and then put into storage when the temperature drops after the first frost.

2. Ventilation storage: Ventilation storage is generally only suitable for storing late-maturing apples because of its high temperature in the early stage and low temperature in the middle stage. When warehousing, it should be stacked in different varieties and grades. When stacking, sleepers (or stones) should be placed at the bottom of the stack, and the bottom of the stack should be 10 ~ 20 cm from the ground. Wooden boards, bamboo fences and other padding materials should be used between baskets or cartons, and the top of the stack should be more than 50 cm away from the top of the warehouse and more than 0/.5 m away from the door and vent (tunnel), which is convenient for ventilation. In the early stage of storage, low-temperature ventilation at night is often used to cool down. In the middle period of storage, reduce ventilation and cover the top and periphery of the stack properly to avoid freezing. In the later period of storage, it is necessary to observe and record the temperature and humidity in the warehouse every day and check the quality of apples frequently.

3. Refrigeration: Apples are suitable for refrigeration, especially for medium-ripe varieties. When storing, it is best to store a single variety in a single warehouse. After harvesting, it is necessary to select, grade and box (basket) under the tree of origin, so as to avoid grading, selecting and repackaging in the warehouse. Before entering the cold storage, it should be cooled and precooled in the corridor (also called the hall) for one night before it can be put into storage. Pay attention to leaving gaps when palletizing. The usable stacking area in a general warehouse is about 70%, and apples can be stacked and stored about 1 ton per square meter. Cold storage management is mainly to strengthen temperature and humidity control; Through frequent liquid supply and ventilation cycle of refrigeration system, it is best to control the fluctuation range of storage temperature not to exceed 65438 0℃. The relative humidity of apples stored in cold storage is often low. Therefore, attention should be paid to artificial water spraying and humidification in time to keep the relative humidity at 90% ~ 95%. If you want to keep its color and hardness unchanged, it is best to use PVC breathable film bag to line the box, and add antiseptic drugs, which is conducive to delaying maturity, keeping it fresh and preventing decay.

4. Controlled atmosphere storage: Apples are most suitable for controlled atmosphere storage, especially those with medium maturity, such as Golden Crown, Red Star and Ruby. The effect of controlling after-ripening is very obvious; Apples stored in modified atmosphere should be stored within 2 ~ 3 days after harvest, and the gas composition in the shed should be adjusted immediately to reduce the oxygen content to below 5%, so as to reduce the respiratory intensity and control the after-ripening process. Apples are generally stored in controlled atmosphere at 0℃ ~ 65438 0℃ and relative humidity above 95%, with 2% ~ 4% oxygen and 3% ~ 5% carbon dioxide. Apples stored in modified atmosphere should be stored in whole warehouse (account) and shipped in whole warehouse (account). It is inconvenient to open a warehouse (account) for inspection in the middle. Once the gas is released, it should be transported to the market for supply as soon as possible.