What is Shenzhen dialect? Why is Shenzhen dialect Hakka?

The proportion and distribution of local languages in Shenzhen before the reform and opening up (recorded in Baoan County Records);

Hakka is the most populous language in Shenzhen.

Hakka accounts for 60%, Cantonese only accounts for 30% (the Baoan county government also counted the mother tongue of the Jiwei people who immigrated to Shenzhen and some local dialects), and Dapeng military language accounts for 9%.

(The main language of Dapeng Peninsula is Dapeng Hakka, and the Baoan county government also counts the local Hakka as Dapeng military language. In fact, the Hakkas in Baoan County account for more than 60% of the total population of the original residents. ).

Distribution of Aboriginal Languages in Shenzhen (including the languages of new immigrants from Baoan and Nanshan)

Distribution map of Hakka dialects in Shenzhen

● Longgang-Pingshan Hakka dialect: mainly distributed in Buji, Nanwan, Bantian, Henggang, Longgang, Longcheng, Pingshan, Pingdi, Kengzi, Longtian, Maluan, South Australia and Kwai Chung in Longgang District and Pingshan District. Longgang Hakka is connected to Dongguan Hakka in the north and to Pingshan and Huizhou Hakka in the east.

● Longhua Hakka dialect: It is different from Longgang Hakka dialect in tone and intonation, but it is roughly the same and can communicate smoothly. Mainly distributed in Longhua, Zhi Min, Da Lang, Guanlan in Longhua District and Shangmeilin and Xiameilin in Futian District.

● Luohu-Yantian Hakka dialect: it is the daily communication language of residents in most areas of Yantian and some areas of Luohu in the former special zone, mainly distributed in Buxin, Caopu, Nigang, Luofang, Li Antang, Dawang, Wu Tongshan, Xilingxia, Shuiku Xincun and Shatoujiao, Yantian, Zhongying Street and Meisha in Luohu District. The southern part of the Hakka dialect in this area is connected with the Hakka dialect in the northern New Territories of Hong Kong.

● Dapeng Hakka dialect: Dapeng Hakka dialect is the most popular dialect in Dapeng Peninsula, followed by Dapeng military dialect. Dapeng Hakka Dialect is a branch of Longgang Hakka Dialect, which is different from Yantian Hakka Dialect, Luohu Hakka Dialect and Hong Kong New Territories Hakka Dialect, and mainly distributed in Kwai Chung, South Australia, Dapeng and other places.

● Western Hakka dialects: mainly distributed in most areas of Shiyan in Baoan District, parts of Xixiang and Shekou, and Xili, Shahe and Dachong in Nanshan District. There are also pure Hakka communities such as Baihua Community and Hongxing Community in Guangming New District.

Note (The distribution of Hakka dialects in Luohu, Futian and Nanshan districts in Shenzhen is as follows: from Changling Village in the east, it connects most villages in Li Antang, Xilingxia, Luofang, Wu Tongshan, Dawang, Shuiku New Village, Buxin, Caopu, Nigang, Shangmeilin, Xiameilin, Shahe, Shekou and Xili, forming a strip distribution until Le Tong Village in the west.

● Dapeng military language: it belongs to the ancient northern garrison language, and its geographical distribution is mainly in Dapeng Peninsula, the easternmost part of Shenzhen, including Dapeng and Nan 'ao Town.

● Weitou dialect: Weitou dialect is called "local dialect" by local people. Most residents of Weitou dialect come from Jiangxi, and some from Anhui, Henan and other places. It belongs to a unique dialect formed by the residents of the Central Plains who went south to Shenzhen in past dynasties. It is mainly used in some areas of Luohu District and most areas of Futian District in Shenzhen.

Jiwei dialect is a dialect used by Jiwei people who immigrated from Guangzhou, Dongguan, Panyu and Nanhai in the 1920s and 1950s. Mainly distributed in Daxin and Baishizhou in Nanshan and Xin 'an, Xixiang, Fuyong and Shajing in Baoan District.