Social development and changes in Britain from 16th to 18th century.

The 16th century to the middle of 18th century was a period of transition from feudal society to capitalist society and from traditional agricultural society to modern industrial society. During this transitional period, great and profound changes have taken place in Britain in terms of economic development, economic and political systems and systems, and cultural thinking consciousness, which has made Britain the first industrial power to dominate the world in modern times. Its historical experience is worth exploring. This paper focuses on the development and reform of British economy in this period, which is the material basis of social transformation.

from the 16th century to the early 17th century, the major development changes in Britain were as follows: economically, the establishment and development of handicraft workshop marked the rise and development of British capitalist economy from feudal economy; the "enclosure movement" led to the emergence of capitalist pastures and farms in rural England. In terms of class relations, with the development of capitalist economy, the bourgeoisie and new noble, as well as workers and agricultural workers, were formed. Politically, in the 16th century, in order to strengthen autocratic rule and weaken the influence of the old aristocracy, the Tudor Dynasty carried out religious reforms and implemented policies conducive to the development of industry and commerce, which strengthened Britain's strength and made it a maritime power. At the beginning of the 17th century, the Stuart dynasty began to rule, and the feudal autocracy has become a serious obstacle to the development of capitalism.

the 16th-18th century saw the formation of British constitutional monarchy. After the Tudor Dynasty was established, the British parliamentary system was further developed. After the Glorious Revolution, the political power of British aristocrats was concentrated in the upper house of parliament. The house of lords occupies an important position and role in state institutions, which makes it a stage for aristocratic political life. For some aristocrats, attending parliamentary meetings is a social activity. "The right to attend parliamentary meetings gives aristocrats an important voice in political affairs and an important opportunity for those who can control or manipulate parliament" [1]. With the rising status of parliament in British political life, parliamentary meetings have become a place to solve many important things and an important way for nobles to participate in political life as members of the House of Lords. The fact that many ministers are aristocrats endows the upper house with status and authority in the parliamentary struggle, which makes the king, the lower house of parliament or ministers attach great importance to the role of the upper house. Because "the upper house includes most important people in the kingdom, people regard it as a protector to ensure that property is not violated by the king or people" [2]. The power of nobles to control parliament through the upper house is mainly manifested in the following three aspects.