What social systems has China experienced in history?

Primitive society, slavery, feudalism, semi-colonial and semi-feudal system, new democratic system, socialist system.

1, primitive society

Also known as "primitive commune" and "primitive capitalist society". The first social form in human history. The process of human production is also the process of the formation of primitive society. It has existed for two or three million years, which is the longest stage of social development in human history.

The extremely low productivity is the fundamental reason for the slow development of primitive society. The main symbol of social productivity is the use of stone tools. The combination of labor is mainly simple cooperation, and the division of labor between people is mainly the natural division of labor according to gender and age. People are single and unable to fight against nature. In order to seek survival resources, they must work together, which determines the possession of production materials by * * *.

2. Slave society

According to Marx's historical theory, the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties were once defined as slave societies, which is controversial. Slave society, the majority of slaves at the lower level as the main production role. However, according to traditional documents and archaeological excavations, there is no indication that slavery was widely practiced in ancient China.

3. Feudal society

The "feudal society" mentioned by Marxist historians refers to the social form in which landlords or lords occupy land and exploit farmers or serfs. The "feudal society" of western scholars refers to the fiefs divided by lords or central dynasties to royal family members, royalty and heroes. It is a national management system, not a society, and belongs to the category of political system.

The society in which the landlord class became the ruling class was a feudal society, and the contradiction between the landlord class and the peasant class was the main contradiction in the feudal society. The natural economy formed in feudal society is an economic structure organization based on land, combining agriculture with handicraft industry, taking family as production unit, which is self-enclosed and independent and mainly meets its own needs.

4, semi-colonial and semi-feudal society

Semi-colonial and semi-feudal society is a Marxist concept, which refers to a society that retains feudal state organs and sovereignty in form and is controlled and oppressed by foreign capitalist countries in economy, politics and culture.

With the strengthening of the control of other capitalist countries, some countries will completely lose their national sovereignty and become completely colonial countries; Other countries have rebounded and gained independence. The formation of semi-colonial and semi-feudal societies in most countries is directly influenced by unequal treaties.

China * * * production party summarized the social nature of modern China as "semi-colonial and semi-feudal society".

5. Socialist system

The socialist system is a political and economic system relative to the capitalist system. Its basic element is the implementation of public ownership and the realization of the people being the masters of the country. It refers to the system that socialist state organs formulate, approve, amend and abolish laws and normative legal documents in accordance with legal procedures within the scope of legal functions and powers.

Extended data:

Social form division method:

As a social and historical category to reveal the overall characteristics of social life and study the stages of social development and social types, there are usually two ways to divide social forms: one is to divide social forms according to the nature of production relations, that is, economic forms and social forms; One is based on productivity, technological development level and corresponding industrial structure, that is, technological social form.

Every social form has its specific economic foundation and superstructure, and each social form has its own characteristics and the same laws, which are interrelated and different from each other.

Within the scope of economic and social forms, there are two basic methods of division: one is the social division of five forms, and the other is the social division of three forms.

1, five-point method

According to the different nature of production relations, human society is divided into primitive society, slave society, feudal society, capitalist society and capitalist society (socialist society is its first stage).

2. Triangle method

According to human development, human society is divided into human-dependent society, material-dependent society and individual all-round development society in turn.

If the two methods are put together: human beings depend on society-natural economic society-primitive, slave and feudal society; Dependent society-commodity economy society-capitalism; A society in which individuals develop in an all-round way-product economy society-* * * productism.

These two methods explain the development process and stages of human society from different angles and sides, and reveal the universal law of human society development. These two divisions are essentially the same.

With the gradual progress of social form, a social form will always be replaced by a higher social form, and human society will eventually develop into a capitalist society.

Every social form has a dominant economic base and superstructure, which determine the nature and characteristics of the social form. At the same time, in this form, there are still remnants of the old social form and ideological influence, and there will also be material premise and germination of the new social form. In a certain social form, due to the development, change and alternation of old and new morphological factors, different historical development stages in social form have emerged.

Baidu encyclopedia-social form

Baidu encyclopedia-semi-colonial and semi-feudal society

Baidu encyclopedia-socialist society