What are the pre-marital examination items that couples must know?

1. Find out whether the two parties are related by blood, and both parties will show the Certificate of Marital Status.

2. Understand the current and past medical history of both parties.

Such as sexually transmitted diseases, leprosy, mental illness, various infectious diseases, genetic diseases, important organs, genitourinary system diseases and intellectual development;

3. Understand the personal medical history of both parties and ask about the working and living environment, tobacco and alcohol hobbies that may affect reproductive function.

4. The woman's menstrual history and the man's nocturnal emission.

5. Family history of both parties, with emphasis on genetic-related medical history.

6. Those who remarry should ask about their previous marriage and childbearing history.

Physical examination, including internal medicine examination, genital examination and laboratory examination.

1. A medical examination is a general medical examination.

2. Genital examination is to find reproductive diseases that affect marriage and childbirth.

For women with abdominal and anal syndrom, we should pay attention to whether there are hymen atresia, absence or atresia of vagina, absence or dysplasia of uterus, hysteromyoma, endometriosis and so on. When examining male genitalia, pay attention to phimosis, penis induration, short penis, hypospadias, cryptorchidism, too small testis, varicocele and hydrocele of tunica vaginalis.

3. Laboratory examination, in addition to blood routine, urine routine, chest X-ray, liver function and blood type, women do vaginal secretions for trichomonas and mold, and gonococcal smear examination when necessary; Men have routine semen tests.

What are the items of premarital examination?

Pre-marital health examination includes biochemical examination such as general blood test, and the general health examination includes the following items:

physical examination

1. Mental state assessment.

2. Height and weight.

3. Vision and color discrimination.

4. Blood pressure (to prevent potential heart disease).

Laboratory biochemical examination and x-ray examination

1. Whole blood cell count (CBC to prevent thalassemia).

2. Hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody.

3.HIV antibody.

4. Syphilis serum test (VDRL).

5.Rh blood type.

6. Rubella antibody.

7. Urine analysis (can understand congenital kidney disease).

8. Blood sugar before meals (preventing diabetes).

Mediterranean basin blood

Thalassemia has a high proportion of genes and is generally divided into type A (A) and type B (B). As long as men and women with different genotypes combine, there will be no serious offspring. However, if it is the same genotype, there is a half chance of giving birth to a serious baby. Babies are not only short-lived, but also may grow up in medical treatment such as iron removal and blood exchange throughout their lives. Therefore, the premarital health examination of thalassemia is extremely important. If only one person's red blood cell volume is less than 80, there is no need to worry, but if both people are less than 80, it is necessary to further check whether the genotypes of the two people are the same. Even if they are the same, embryo screening can be done during pregnancy.

hepatitis B

Although hepatitis B vaccination has been fully implemented in infants and vaccinated after birth, the possibility of vertical infection has been reduced to a very low level, but the most important purpose of premarital screening is to protect the sexual transmission of spouses.

AIDS

HIV can cause congenital infection and can also be transmitted to spouses through sexual behavior. Therefore, from the standpoint of protecting the next generation or spouse, it is very important to screen out as soon as possible.

measles

Measles infection is not harmful to ordinary people, but if it is infected by pregnant women, it is easy to cause fetal malformation. If the examination shows that women have no antibodies, it is best to vaccinate and not get pregnant within 3 months after vaccination.

syphilis

If a woman is infected with syphilis during pregnancy and cannot be cured before the fourth month of pregnancy, Treponema pallidum will spread to the fetus through the placenta and cause congenital syphilis. It is estimated that the fetal and perinatal mortality rate is about 40%, and even if it survives, it will affect many organs. If it is found early and treated well, it can be cured and can prevent it from being transmitted to your spouse.

Urine analysis

If pregnant women have asymptomatic bacteriuria and are prone to pyelonephritis after pregnancy, urine test can be monitored as soon as possible.

Too late for prenatal examination?

Many people think that there will be a "prenatal examination" before delivery, and it is not too late to check again. However, prenatal examination can only prevent the next generation of genetic diseases, or prevent vertical infectious diseases from mothers, but it can't prevent diseases that may spread during sexual intercourse, including AIDS, syphilis, viral hepatitis and so on. There is no need to wait for the birth of the next generation. These infectious diseases may endanger their lives unconsciously, which can not be saved in time by prenatal examination or pre-pregnancy examination.