An analysis of the causes of Tess of the D'Urbervilles tragedy in Tess of the D'Urbervilles

? Tess of the D'Urbervilles is the most representative work of the British 19th century modernist writer Thomas Hardy. Hardy's most representative work. The background of the era is in the late 19th century, when the capitalist mode of production "mercilessly" invaded the remote and backward agricultural areas of Britain, resulting in the disintegration of the small-scale peasant economy, and bringing different degrees of misfortune and bad luck to all classes of people, mainly agricultural laborers.

? Tess's life is short and tragic. Some people believe that Tess's tragedy is the result of her economic, political and class position; some people comment that Tess's misfortune is caused by the distorted social ethics and morality; some people argue that Tess's tragic fate is caused by the "devil" Yare. So the question is, what was the factor that destroyed Tess, a young woman of purity?

? Tess, a native peasant girl, according to the Bocuse d'Or, she was a direct descendant of the De Burgh family, a famous warrior family in medieval England. But the family has long since declined, and only a few broken walls remain on the family monuments. Tess's father was a poor country peddler, idleness and ignorance; her mother used to be a milkmaid, simple-minded and vain, they are all small people and poor people who are at the mercy of the times. Tess, as the eldest daughter of such a family, has been working in the feedlot, milk factory and farmland since she was fourteen or fifteen years old, and has borne the heavy burden of family life on her thin shoulders, supporting the family by "sacrificing" herself. Her dedication to her family can be seen as the trigger for her tragic life.

Almost everyone who reads the novel hates Aare, believing that he ruined Tess's innocence and was the creator of her short, tragic life. People criticize this fop during the capitalist period, and even deny his feelings for Tess wholeheartedly. In fact, the author believes that Hardy did not totally deny this character, but also revealed Aare's love for Tess in some lines. Only, Yarlet is a typical representative of the rich children of the capitalist period, he believes that the love is to give materially, so that the other person to live a life as rich as their own.

? In his view, clothing and food is the dream of all women, and he takes love for granted as a transaction. But Tess is not vain and vain glory, climbing the phoenix of the people, she only hope to rely on their own labor to live a simple life, she is full of copper taste of material feelings showed great disgust and disgust, but can not get rid of the reality of the cruelty, forced to accept several times Yare material to give him a contradictory feelings. Yare cast a "material" love pagoda, want to use it to imprison Tess, Tess can not overcome the reality of the dilemma, but thoughtful, opinionated, self-esteem, she is not willing to do the love of the victims of the deal, so Tess struggled to break free of the pagoda's bondage, such a situation ultimately led to the tragedy of the two sides and the tragic end.

? Greedy parents, hoping that through Tess's aristocratic recognition, so that they get material help, which gives Yare and Tess subsequent intersection laid the first step of material transactions. From the first sight of Tess, Yare develops a love for her. So he uses the usual rich boy trick of bolting Tess with possessions. When he realizes the plight of Tess's family, he takes the initiative to help Tess arrange a job to earn money (managing a chicken farm in his house) and gives her family a horse to solve her family's urgent needs. He thought that Tess would please him and let him do whatever he wanted, but when he wanted to make light of her, she resisted and showed disgust and loathing, but Yare did not expect, but also more stimulate his strong desire to possess Tess.

? Yare then changed tactics, he helped Tess to solve the difficulties at work, to help her cope with their own tricky and weird mother, and said to Tess: "If you encounter any difficulties, need help, you can come directly to me." He often says some amusing things to her and makes every effort to let her get familiar with himself. Through these details, it shows that Yare still has real feelings for Tess, but his deep-seated materialistic view of love and possessiveness still brought great harm to Tess.

? So one weekend, when Tess is being bullied by her peers, Aare rides off with her and, wanting to be close to Tess for a while longer, he deliberately goes the wrong way into a wood, where he can no longer control himself and defiles Tess. He is also y remorseful after he makes Tess lose her virginity, but he still expresses his apology with material things. In his conception, he believes that the body and soul can be traded for money, but he does not understand that this is exactly the self-respect, self-improvement Tess detested and hated, so she defied the world's morality and resolutely left Yare.

? When Yare and Tess met again, he found that Tess was abandoned by her husband, and in the farm to do the hard work, he wanted to let Tess back to his side, with material to challenge Tess's moral bottom line, it is clear that Tess will not agree. But the reality is always cruel, Tess's family changes make the whole family homeless, exhausted, in this case, Yare again threw the olive branch, temporarily in the material pagoda imprisoned Tess, but can not be imprisoned in her mind and self-esteem of the soul, and ultimately can only lead to tragedy.

? The material love that Yare gives to Tess, although it can solve Tess's life difficulties for a while, but it can't satisfy her spiritual needs. True love should not become a commodity of interest, the commercial transaction of material love will not last long, and Tess for Yare's gratitude - aversion - resistance - acquiescence, the All these conflicting emotions finally destroy themselves.

? Perhaps many people feel sorry for the end of Tess and Clay, and it is widely believed that if Tess had not been raped, they would have lived happily ever after. So, is it true love between Tess and Clay? The author believes that the relationship between them is nothing more than a fantasy of love, utopian love. This kind of love requires absolute perfection, purity and flawlessness, and this kind of mythological love will fall apart if there is a little setback. In other words, the utopian love between Tess and Clay is just a fantasy, which can't overcome the reality of the gap, and can only go to the cliff.

We often say: "Ideal is full, reality is bone." The beautiful peasant girl Tess thirsts to have real love, but it seems that fate has played a joke on her, letting her meet two wrong people one after another. Yare treats love as a material transaction of course, and self-esteem and self-love Tess is unwilling to be the victim of the love transaction, so such a love can only end in tragedy. The "utopian" love given to Tess by Clay makes Tess fall y into the fantasy of perfect love, and when the fantasy finally becomes a bubble, the heavy emotional blow will undoubtedly push Tess to the edge of mental collapse. Therefore, the tragedy of Tess's life is worthy of all our deep thoughts!