What are dry column buildings, earth buildings and stacked buildings?

The characteristics of dry column architecture: the houses above the ground are built on the wooden (bamboo) column underframe. There are also names such as Gan Lan, Gan Lan, Gaolan, Gelan and Gelan in China ancient history books, which are transliterated from other minority languages. In addition, generally speaking, grid houses, bird's nest houses and so on. , generally refers to the dry column structure. The so-called floating house or gated house in archaeology and ethnology, and the so-called high-bed house in Japan also belong to this kind of building. This kind of architecture has been popular from the Neolithic age to modern times. It is mainly distributed in the south of the Yangtze River basin and Southeast Asia, and there are similar buildings in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, northern Heilongjiang Province, Siberia of the Soviet Union and Japan.

According to archaeological findings, in many sites of Hemudu culture, Majiabang culture and Liangzhu culture in the Neolithic age in China, wooden stakes buried in the ground, beams and slabs on the underframe were found, indicating that dry column buildings had been produced at that time. In the site of Maojiazui in Qichun, Hubei Province during the Western Zhou Dynasty, a large-scale dry fence building was also found. A model of ceramic dry fence with long ridges and short eaves unearthed from the Neolithic site in Yingpanli, Qingjiang, Jiangxi Province. Four bronze dry-fence-style building models of Han Dynasty found in Yunnan Tomb of Shizhai Mountain in Jinning, Yunnan Province are also long ridges and short eaves, representing the original characteristics of dry-fence-style buildings. Many ceramic dry column building models have also been found in Eastern Han tombs in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Sichuan and Guizhou. However, except for the underframe and wooden stakes, ordinary pottery houses are hung from the top of the mountain, while the round pottery barn is a dome, which shows that the basic forms of these buildings have been localized in China.

The main purpose of building "dry fence" is to prevent moisture. The roof with long ridges and short eaves and the underframe above the ground are designed to meet the needs of rainy areas. The dry-column-type pottery houses, pottery houses and grid-type pottery houses found in various places all represent moisture-proof architectural forms, especially granary buildings. Until today, grid housing is still popular in Southeast Asia to meet the needs of humidity and rain. Tuzhangfang Architecture: Tuzhangfang (also known as Tucang) is a traditional residence of Yi ancestors, with a history of more than 500 years. It is layered and interconnected, and it is very spectacular from a distance. In the later period, Yi people and Han people lived together, which combined the characteristics of some Han people's houses and gradually formed residential buildings with distinctive local characteristics, which can be called "living fossils" in the history of residential architectural culture and architectural technology development. Take stone as the wall foundation, build a wall with adobe or soil, put a beam on the wall, spread a board, batten or bamboo on the beam, and then spread a layer of soil on it. Sprinkling water will form a platform roof, which will not leak rain. The threshing floor on the roof has started again. Some girders are placed on wooden columns, padded with wood, covered with thatch or straw, covered with soil and compacted with fine soil. Most of them are bungalows, but there are also two or three floors.

The earth palm house is warm in winter and cool in summer, with good fire prevention performance and very practical.

The Zhang Fang of the Yi people is very similar to the stone buildings of the Tibetan people, with the same flat roof and the same thickness. The difference is that its wall is made of soil, which is fixed with plywood during construction, and the earth wall is formed after the filling is tamped and raised layer by layer (so-called "dry paving"). Zhang Fang is distributed in the middle and southeast of Yunnan. The excellent soil and moderate dry and wet conditions in this area provide a lot of convenient and accessible materials and conditions for the construction of earth palm houses.