What did Marx see as the interrelationship between the Chinese and European revolutions?

What was the interrelationship between the Chinese and European revolutions according to Marx? The relevant content is as follows:

1. Revolutions in different historical and cultural contexts

Marx believed that the forms and paths of revolutions would be different in different countries in different historical and cultural contexts. His classic work, the ****Proletarian Manifesto, states, "Proletarians of the world, unite!" This shows that he believed that the proletariat should transcend national boundaries and **** struggle together. However, he also recognized the economic, social and cultural peculiarities of different countries, which led to differences in the revolutionary situation and process.

2. Peculiarities of the Chinese Revolution

At the end of the 19th century, China experienced the crisis and turmoil of the late Qing Dynasty. Although Marx did not personally experience China, his understanding of Chinese society was based on the information available at the time, and he realized that China was a special society, and that the persistence of its feudal system made the path of revolution in China different from that in Europe. In a letter to his brother, he mentioned that "the success of the Chinese revolution will require a longer historical period, but its form will be more radical and more decisive."

3. Cultural Tradition and the Challenge of Modernization

Marx's thought sees the development of human society as a constantly advancing historical process. For China, the conflict between the introduction of Marxism and local cultural traditions made the Chinese revolution face the challenge between culture and modernization. Part of Marx's ideas provided reference for China's modernization process, but the Chinese revolution had to find a development path that suited its own conditions in the collision between traditional culture and modernization.

4. Capitalism versus socialism

Marxism put forward the idea of socialism as an inevitable stage of historical development. In China, there was a contradiction between the development of capitalism and the ideal of socialism. Marx's ideas provided China with a theoretical guide to move beyond capitalism and toward socialism, allowing China to contrast the shortcomings of capitalism against the advantages of socialism in the course of its revolution and construction, and to become clearer about the advantages of socialism.