Heavyweight higher education disciplines and specialties reform program came

Recently, the Ministry of Education, in conjunction with the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, issued the "Reform Plan for the Adjustment and Optimization of Discipline and Specialty Settings in Ordinary Higher Education," which makes arrangements for the adjustment and optimization of discipline and specialty settings in higher education. The main points are summarized as follows:

Objectives

Optimize and adjust the distribution of disciplines and majors in universities and colleges by about 20%, set up a number of new disciplines and majors adapted to the new technologies, new industries, new business modes, and new patterns, and eliminate disciplines and majors that are not adapted to the economic and social development.

The proportion of undergraduate majors in basic disciplines, especially in science and basic medicine, will be further increased.

Constructing about 10,000 national first-class specialty points and about 300 training bases for outstanding students in basic disciplines.

Constructing a number of future technology colleges, modern industry colleges, high-level public ****health colleges, and colleges of outstanding engineers, and building a number of colleges of specialized characteristics, so that the ability of independent cultivation of talents will be significantly improved.

Forming a high-level system of independent cultivation of talents, realizing high-quality development of higher education, and building a strong higher education country.

Deepening the construction of new engineering disciplines

Transforming and upgrading all elements of the existing engineering majors, and integrating the cutting-edge achievements and latest requirements of the development of related disciplines and specialties into the talent cultivation programs and teaching process.

Increase the construction of disciplines and specialties related to major national strategies, strategic emerging industries, regional pillar industries, etc., and create clusters of disciplines and specialties with distinctive features and mutual synergy.

Promoting the cross-compounding of existing engineering disciplines, the cross-fertilization of engineering disciplines with other disciplines, and the extension of applied science disciplines to engineering disciplines, forming new cross-disciplinary majors and cultivating new engineering fields.

Strengthening the construction of new medical disciplines

Focusing on the conceptual content, methodology and technology, and standard evaluation, it will transform and upgrade the existing medical specialties in an all-round way.

Taking the initiative to adapt to the new development of medicine and the health industry, the layout of the construction of intelligent medicine, Internet medical care, medical equipment and other areas of shortage of specialties.

Aiming at the forefront of medical science and technology development, vigorously promote the in-depth cross-fertilization of medical science with science, engineering, liberal arts and other disciplines, and cultivate emerging disciplines such as "medicine + X" and "X + medicine".

Promoting the construction of new agricultural disciplines

Adapting to the new requirements of the new round of scientific and technological revolution on personnel training, we will take the initiative to use modern biotechnology, information technology, engineering technology, etc. to transform and upgrade the existing agricultural disciplines and specialties.

Serving the strategic needs of the national seed industry security, arable land protection and construction, modern agricultural development, ecosystem governance and rural construction, as well as the development of new industries and new forms of new industries such as forest recreation and green low-carbon, we will open up the shortage of majors in key areas such as biological breeding, intelligent arable land, seed science and engineering, agricultural and forestry intelligent equipment, and rural planning and design.

Actively promote the deep cross-fertilization and innovative development of agricultural engineering, agricultural science, agricultural medicine, and agricultural literature, and cultivate new agriculture-related disciplines and majors.

Speeding up the construction of new liberal arts disciplines

Constructing philosophical and social sciences with Chinese characteristics, building China's own knowledge system, and endeavoring to answer China's questions, the world's questions, the people's questions, and the questions of the times, and to manifest China's way, China's governance, and China's reasoning.

Promoting cross-fertilization among liberal arts and between liberal arts and science, technology, agriculture and medicine, actively developing new majors in liberal arts, and promoting the transformation and upgrading of existing liberal arts majors.

Strengthening the construction of majors related to the cultivation of foreign-related talents in key fields, creating a base for the education and training of foreign-related talents in the rule of law and a base for the education and training of talents in key languages, and taking the initiative to serve the enhancement of the country's soft power and the development of cultural prosperity.

Promoting the digital transformation of liberal arts majors, deepening the reform of the curriculum system and teaching content of liberal arts majors, achieving the unity of value shaping, knowledge imparting and ability cultivation, and creating a Chinese paradigm of liberal arts major education.

Strengthening the construction of basic disciplines and majors

Strengthening basic science disciplines and majors such as mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology, and moderately expanding the layout of shortage science disciplines and majors such as astronomy.

Promoting the construction of basic medicine (including pharmacy) disciplines and specialties with precision, and advancing the reform of the integrated 8-year clinical medical education that integrates basic and clinical.

High-level research universities shall increase the cultivation of basic research talents; local universities shall broaden the application of basic disciplines, build a "basic + application" composite cultivation system, and explore the setting up of "basic disciplines +" minor bachelor's degree and double bachelor's degree programs. The universities will also explore the establishment of "basic disciplines plus" minor bachelor's degree and double bachelor's degree programs.

Improve the quality guarantee mechanism for the construction of academic disciplines and majors

Colleges and universities shall, according to the principle of "first broad and then deep" in talent cultivation, formulate scientific and standardized talent cultivation programs, systematically design the curricular system, and fully equip and strengthen the teaching staff, teaching conditions, and practice bases, so as to ensure that the talent cultivation programs will be implemented and put into practice.

Regularly carry out self-assessment of academic disciplines and specialties, establish and improve the annual report system of the quality of construction of academic disciplines and specialties, systematically report on the overall situation of the construction and adjustment of academic disciplines and specialties, construction of sub-specialties, and service to the economic and social development of the situation, and take the initiative to accept the social supervision openly.

Optimizing the national macro-control mechanism of academic disciplines and specialties

Improving the management system of academic disciplines and specialties

Implementing the management methods for the catalog of academic disciplines and specialties in graduate education and the methods for the establishment and management of cross-disciplines.

Regularly compiling a list of urgently needed disciplines and specialties to guide development.

Revising the regulations on the management of undergraduate major settings, exploring the establishment of a major pre-adjustment system, and making it clear that colleges and universities applying for the filing (approval) of majors must be included in the development plan of the university, and in principle, make preparatory cases (declarations) one year in advance.

Strengthening the adjustment of the stock of academic majors and improving the exit mechanism.

The majors that have not been enrolled in colleges and universities for five consecutive years will be withdrawn.

Strengthening the demonstration of leadership

In-depth implementation of first-class disciplines and first-class undergraduate professional construction "double ten thousand plan", to set up discipline and professional construction benchmarks.

Promoting classified evaluation, basic disciplines and majors emphasize the integration of science and education, and applied disciplines and majors emphasize the integration of industry and education, so as to guide different types of disciplines and majors to develop their own characteristics and levels.

Carrying out the three-level undergraduate professional accreditation work of ensuring conformity, raising the level, and pursuing excellence.

In-depth implementation of the "National Special Program for Cultivating Urgently Needed High-level Talents"

Integrating the resources of "double first-class" universities, leading enterprises and key institutes, innovating the enrollment, training, management and evaluation modes, and arranging a number of disciplines and majors in urgent need of specialization, and building a number of high-level institutions. It has also built a number of high-level talent cultivation bases, formed a more complete high-quality talent cultivation system, and significantly enhanced the ability of high-level talents to cultivate on their own.

Strengthening the construction of professional colleges

Constructing 30 or so future technical colleges in colleges and universities with a good foundation of disciplines and specialties and strong overall strength;

Constructing 300 or so modern industrial colleges in colleges and universities with distinctive industrial characteristics and strong links with industries;

Relying on the relevant colleges and universities to lay out and construct a number of high-level public ****health colleges.

Supporting colleges and universities to build demonstrative integrated circuit colleges, characteristic demonstrative software colleges, first-class network security colleges, demonstrative cryptographic colleges, demonstrative energy colleges, energy storage technology colleges, smart agriculture colleges, foreign-related rule of law colleges, colleges of international organizations, and other colleges of professional specialties, relying on the specialties of advantageous disciplines and majors.

Promoting professional (industry-specific) colleges and universities to further improve their specialization.

Sound subject specialization adjustment and talent demand linkage mechanism

Human resources and social security and relevant industry departments should strongly support the construction of subject specialization in colleges and universities, to establish and improve the talent forecasting, early warning mechanism, the establishment of a database of talent demand, the timely release of key industries and industries to the community demand for talent, and set up early warning of subject specialization for industries and industries where the demand for talent tends to be low.

"A school case" to pay close attention to the implementation of

Colleges and universities around the world should be based on the reform program, combined with the actual local schools, in accordance with the principle of "a school case", research and development of disciplines and specialties to reform the implementation of the program.