The life of Mr Ren and Mr Ji Xianlin.

Ji Xianlin, the word Ji, and the word Qi Ling. Famous ancient philologist, historian, orientalist, thinker, translator, Buddhist and writer. Proficient in 12 language. He used to be a member of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology of China Academy of Sciences, Vice President Peking University, and Director of South Asia Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences. 1911was born in kangzhuang town, Linqing city, Shandong province on August 6th.

Professor Peking University, Chairman of China Cultural Research Institute, Academician of China Academy of Sciences, China linguist, literary translator, Sanskrit and Pali expert and writer. There are many achievements in the study of Indian China literature history.

Grandfather Ji Laotai, father Ji Silian, mother Zhao, farmer. Uncle Ji Sicheng. When I was young, I studied reading with Ma Gong Jing.

I went to Jinan at the age of 6 and went to my uncle Ji Sicheng. Go to a private school. After 7 years old, he studied at Xinyu Primary School affiliated to Shandong First Normal University. 10 years old, began to learn English. 12 years old, admitted to Zhengyi Middle School, and transferred to the high school affiliated to Shandong University after half a year. High school began to learn German and became interested in foreign literature. /kloc-at the age of 0/8, he transferred to the provincial Jinan senior high school. The Chinese teacher is Dong, who is also a translator. "The reason why I have been dancing and writing for 50 or 60 years, and I still can't put it down until now, is thanks to Teacher Dong, which I will never forget."

1930 was admitted to the Department of Western Literature in Tsinghua University, majoring in German. I studied the comparison of eastern and western poetry, English and Sanskrit under Wu Mi and Ye Gongchao, and took elective courses such as Professor Chen Yinke's Buddhist scripture translation literature, Zhu Guangqian's literary psychology, Yu Pingbo's Tang and Song poems and Zhu Ziqing's Tao Yuanming's poems. Make friends with classmates Wu Zuxiang, Lin Geng and Li Changzhi. They are called "Four Musketeers". Among the students is Hu Qiaomu. I like "pure poetry", such as Villeland and Malarme. Parallel Prose of Six Dynasties in Li Yishan and Jiang Baishi. He translated the works of Dreiser and Turgenev. During my college years, I won a scholarship awarded by the government of Qingping County in my hometown with excellent results.

1935 In September, according to the postgraduate exchange agreement between Tsinghua University College of Literature and Germany, Tsinghua enrolled postgraduate students in Germany for three years. Ji Xianlin was admitted and immediately went to Germany. Joe traveled with him in Berlin and America. 10 In June, I went to G? ttingen and got to know Tian and others. Entering the University of G? ttingen, "I dreamed that I was in G? ttingen, … I could read some books and some words, which were once brilliant in ancient times, and this glory will never go out." "I don't know if I can catch this dream." (Ten Years in Germany)

1936 Spring, Ji Xianlin chose Sanskrit. He believes that "Indian culture is greatly influenced by Indian culture, so I will study the cultural relationship between China and China and maybe find something". So, "I can't read Sanskrit." "I finally found the way to go in my life. I have been walking along this road for more than half a century, and I will go on until now. " (Eleven years in Germany) "Fate has strengthened my faith." Ji Xianlin majored in Indian studies and studied Sanskrit and Pali at the Sanskrit Institute of G? ttingen University. English linguistics and Slavic linguistics are selected as affiliated departments, and Yugoslav language is added. Ji Xianlin studied under Professor Waldschmitt, the host of Sanskrit lecture and a famous Sanskrit scholar, and became his only audience. There are more than 40 classes a semester, and Ji Xianlin studies very hard. The Buddhist scripture Memorabilia has three thick volumes and is written in mixed Sanskrit. He raced against time to concentrate on reading and writing. Turn on the light and continue to be poor forever.

From 1940 and 65438+February to19465438+February, Ji Xianlin got four "excellent" in thesis defense and Indian studies, Slavic language and English exams, and obtained a doctorate. Because of the war, there is no way to return to China, so I have to stay at Columbia University. From June to 10, 5438, he taught at the Institute of Sinology, University of G? ttingen, and continued to study the Sanskrit of Buddhism, and published many important papers in the Journal of G? ttingen Academy of Sciences. "This is the golden age of my academic career, and I have never seen it since." Postdoctoral years, it was the eve of the collapse of fascism, Germany was short of material resources, and Ji Xianlin, as a foreigner, was inevitably struggling in the "hunger hell", suffering from war disasters like the German people. As an overseas traveler, I have deep feelings for my hometown, especially the feeling that "there are plenty of fragrant grass in the end of the world, only endless lovesickness", and I miss my motherland and my family day and night. "I looked down at the gray sky with tears in my eyes, and my mother's face came to my mind."

194 1 year received a doctorate in philosophy from the University of G? ttingen. Later, he studied Northeast China under the guidance of linguist E.Sike..

1945 10 months. Shortly after the end of World War II, I wrapped myself up and returned to Switzerland. "It's like a spring dream, and it flew over in ten years." Thirty-five years after leaving G? ttingen, 1980, Ji Xianlin led a social science delegation from China to visit the city again, and then called on 83-year-old Waldschmitten, as if it were a lifetime ago. Later, he made a touching masterpiece "Returning to Gottingen".

1May, 946, he went to Shanghai, went to Nanjing, met again, and met the essayist Liang Shiqiu and the poet through Li's introduction. In Nanjing, he visited Tsinghua's mentor Chen Yinke. Chen recommended him to teach in Peking University, and then he visited Peking University, the acting principal in Nanjing. In autumn, I returned to Peiping and called on Tang Yongtong, Dean of Peking University College of Literature.

1946- 1983 was hired by Peking University as the professor and head of the department of oriental languages and literature, and founded the department in Peking University. Colleagues include Arabic linguist Ma Jian and Indian scientist Jin Kemu. After liberation, he continued to be a professor and head of the Department of Oriental Studies in Peking University, engaged in departmental affairs, scientific research and translation. Anna Segues's collection of short stories (1955) has been published in German, Shagondaro, Galindo, India (script, 1956), five books of ancient Indian fables and stories (1959), Jia, India. Academic works include History Series of Sino-Indian Cultural Relations (1957), A Brief History of India (1957) and Indian National Uprising (1857- 1859). 1956 in February, he was appointed as a member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of China Academy of Sciences. 1954, 1959 and 1964 were elected as members of the second, third and fourth CPPCC. As China's cultural envoy, he visited India, Myanmar, East Germany, the former Soviet Union, Iraq, Egypt, Syria and other countries. During the Cultural Revolution, he was brutally persecuted by the Gang of Four and its Beijing minions. 1978 came back, and he continued to be the head of the Department of Oriental Languages in Peking University, and was appointed as the vice president of Peking University and the director of South Asian Institute in Peking University. Elected as a member of the Fifth China People's Political Consultative Conference. 1983 was elected as a member of the 6th the NPC Standing Committee.

65438-0956, Member, Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences, China Academy of Sciences. He used to be a member of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and head of foreign language and literature review group, president of the Second Chinese Language Society, president of China Foreign Language Teaching Research Association, honorary president of China National Ancient Characters Research Association, deputy and member of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress, member of the Editorial Committee of Encyclopedia of China, and director of the Chinese Volume Editorial Committee. His academic achievements are the most prominent in the study of Indo-European languages in the Middle Ages. The main works are: the shift of finite verbs in Ode to the Great Event (194 1 year, systematically summarizing the various morphological adjustments of verbs in mixed Sanskrit used in Ode to the Great Event in Hinayana Buddhism), As well as the conversion of the suffix -am to -o and -u in Sino-Indian (1998- 1999), it is found and proved that the conversion of the suffix -am to -o and -u is one of the characteristics of Kendra dialect in northwest China and India), the language problem of primitive Buddhism (1985) (demonstrating the existence of primitive Buddhist scriptures). ), as well as the northeast version of Prince R&F karma. As a literary translator, his works mainly include: Shagongdaro (1956), five-volume edition (1959), Euripides (1959) and Ramayana (7 volumes, 65438+). As a writer, his works mainly include Heart Shadow of Tianzhu (1980), Langrun Collection (198 1 year), Ji Xianlin's Prose Collection (1987) and Miscellanies of the Cowshed.

1978 ~ 1984 concurrently serves as the vice president of Peking University. His works have been compiled into the Collected Works of Ji Xianlin, with a total of 24 volumes.

1988, chairman of China Institute of Culture. He has visited Germany, Japan and Thailand as a scholar.

Mr. Ji has been teaching in Peking University for many years, and he has made great achievements in linguistics, culturology, history, Buddhism teaching, Indian studies, comparative literature and so on. He studied and translated Sanskrit works and many classics in Germany, Britain and other countries, and now he insists on reading and writing every day even in the ward.

Mr Ji Xianlin is admired not only for his knowledge, but also for his character. He said: Even in the most difficult times, he didn't lose his conscience. His book is not only a portrayal of the old man's personal life, but also a portrayal of the course of intellectuals in China in the past century. Ji Xianlin's Miscellanies from His Sick Bed was recently published. In the book, Mr. Ji Xianlin used insightful words to explain for the first time his views on the three laurels "Master of Chinese Studies", "Academic Leader" and "National Treasure" that have been "added" to his head by the outside world in recent years. He said: "I am free from three laurels. The foam on my body was washed away, revealing my true face, and everyone was very happy. "

Since the end of 1970s, he has served as vice president of China Foreign Literature Society (1978), president of China South Asia Society (1979), honorary president of China Ancient Ethnography Society (1980) and president of China Foreign Language Teaching Research Association (198 1 0). Vice President of China Dunhuang Turpan Society (1983), Executive Director of China Historical Society (1984), Vice President of China Higher Education Society (1984), Director of China Writers Society (1985), Honorary President of China Comparative Literature Society (1985). This is the best gift left by a generation of masters to future generations. Ji Xianlin's academic research, in his own words, is: "Brahma, Buddhism and Tuhuo Tam are studied at the same time, while China literature, comparative literature and literary theory are studied in Qi Fei.

He is one of the winners of "Touching China in 2006".

Ji Xianlin, a famous contemporary linguist, essayist and expert in the study of oriental culture. Because he dabbled in ancient and modern times, he was known as a "leading scholar".

1956, joined the China * * * production party.

1930 was admitted to the department of western languages in Tsinghua University.

1934 After graduation, he taught in Jinan Shandong Provincial High School.

/kloc-in 0/935, he was admitted to Tsinghua University for postgraduate exchange, went to Germany to study, and studied Sanskrit, Pali, Tuholo and other ancient languages at the University of G? ttingen.

194 1 year, with a doctorate in philosophy.

From 65438 to 0946, he returned to China and served as Professor Peking University, Professor and Head of the Department of Oriental Languages and Literature.

Ren (1916.4.15—July 2009.11), a native of Shandong plain, is a famous philosopher, religious scientist and historian, and honorary curator of the National Library.

19 16 April 15 was born in Pingyuan county, Shandong province. 1934 was admitted to the philosophy department of Peking University and graduated from 1938. 1939 was admitted to the first batch of graduate students in Peking University College of Literature of National Southwest Associated University, and studied the history of China philosophy and Buddhism under Professor Tang Yongtong and Professor He Lin. 194 1 master's degree. 1942- 1964 teaches in the philosophy department of Peking university, and has served as a lecturer, associate professor and professor. He has taught History of China Philosophy, Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties, Philosophical Problems in China, Philosophy of Zhuzi, Study of Hua Yanzong, Selected readings of Buddhist Works, Buddhism in Sui and Tang Dynasties and Logic in Peking University, and served as a course of History of China Philosophy in Beijing Normal University. 1955- 1966 as the editor of the humanities edition of Journal of Peking University. 1956 Up to now, he is a researcher at the Institute of Philosophy of China Academy of Sciences, training the first batch of associate doctoral students for new China. 1964, was responsible for establishing the first national religious research institution-Institute of World Religions of China Academy of Sciences, and served as its director. From 1978, it began to recruit master students and doctoral students in religious studies, and from 1985, it began to cooperate with Peking University to train undergraduate students in religious studies, thus training a large number of religious research talents for the country. 1999 was elected as an academician of the International Eurasian Academy of Sciences. 1987 was the director of the National Library of China from 2005.

Since 1978, he has successively served as a professor and doctoral supervisor at the Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, a member of the Discipline Appraisal Group of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee, a convener of the Philosophy Group, a member of the National Ancient Books Publishing Planning Group, the president of the Chinese Religious Society, the chairman of the China Atheism Society, the president of the China Tibetan Buddhism Research Association, the president of the Chinese Philosophical History Society, the convener of the Religious Group of the Social Science Fund, and the honorary director of the Institute of World Religion of the China Academy of Social Sciences. As a representative of academic circles, he was elected as the representative of the fourth to eighth National People's Congress.

In his religious research, Mr. Ren has always adhered to the Marxist religious view and Marxist position, viewpoint and method based on scientific atheism. He is an outstanding representative of China's insistence on applying Marxist principles to academic research, a pioneer and founder of Marxist religious studies in China, a visionary academic research leader and an excellent organizer of academic activities in the fields of China philosophy and China religious studies.

He has been diligent in academic research all his life and has the courage to innovate, and has always stood at the forefront of academic research. He advocated the style of study, insisted that everything should be supported by evidence, be sure of everything, stick to the truth and correct mistakes. His achievements in Buddhism were praised as "rare" by Comrade Mao Zedong. Many works he wrote and edited have been reprinted for many times, which has trained China scholars from generation to generation. Among them, the four-volume History of China Philosophy has been used as a university textbook for a long time and won the special prize of the Ministry of Education. His assertion that "Confucianism is a religion" is an overall understanding and orientation of the nature of China's traditional culture, a major basic theoretical contribution to understanding and grasping China's traditional culture, which has caused great shock in academic circles and has immeasurable far-reaching influence; In order to revitalize the national culture, he took sorting out traditional cultural materials as his important historical mission, and successively organized, led and personally presided over a number of large-scale cultural projects, such as The Chinese Tripitaka (Chinese Part), The Grand Ceremony of China, The Newly Edited Twenty-four History, and The Dunhuang Suicides Collected by the National Library. The China Tripitaka (the first Chinese book) edited by him won the first prize of the National Ancient Books Arrangement and the honorary prize of the National Book Award; He also devoted himself to promoting the development of folklore and other disciplines, and made important contributions to China's cultural undertakings. He has successively founded magazines such as World Religion, Science and Atheism, which have greatly promoted academic research, publicized scientific world outlook and improved national spirit.

During his tenure as director and honorary director of the National Library, Mr. Ren firmly grasped the policy and development direction of the National Library, and actively promoted the construction of talent team, basic business and reader service, the construction of new national library and digital library, the exchange and cooperation between domestic and foreign libraries, and the protection and rescue of documents, which made the National Library enter the advanced ranks and made great contributions to the cause of libraries in China. Mr. Ren is also very concerned about the construction of grass-roots libraries in China and the growth of young librarians, and has won the admiration and love of colleagues in the national library industry.

Mr. Ren has visited and lectured in Nigeria, Japan, Canada, the United States, France, Italy, Russia, South Africa, India and Pakistan, and has made positive contributions to promoting international academic exchanges and spreading Chinese culture.

Mr. Ren persisted in the truth, pursued progress and struggled for the prosperity of the Chinese nation all his life. He transformed the traditional sage demeanor into the feelings of intellectuals in the new era, and transformed the traditional moral loyalty and filial piety into loyalty to the country and people. Being a man and learning are the models of China scholars. The death of Mr. Ren is a great loss to the academic circles in China.

Mr. Ren's main works include Collection of Buddhist Thoughts in Han and Tang Dynasties, China's Philosophical History, Selected Academic Works of Ren, Selected Works of Ren Mohist School, Han Fei, Lao Zi's New Translation, The Time between Heaven and Man, Nostalgia and Innovation, Collection of Essays on Ren's Philosophy and Culture, Photos of Bamboo Slips, etc. Co-authored "China Modern Ideological History Teaching Outline" and so on; Editor-in-Chief: China Tripitaka and China Grand Ceremony? Classic of philosophy, China ceremony? Religious classics, China's philosophy history (university textbooks), China's philosophy development history, China's Buddhism history, China's Taoism history, Taoist collection outline, religious dictionary, Buddhist dictionary, Dunhuang suicide note in the National Library, China's historical and cultural series, etc.