The more detailed information about Ji Xianlin, the better

Ji Xianlin (1911.8.6~2009.7.11), a native of Linqing, Shandong Province, was also known as Qi Zang. He is an internationally renowned master of Oriental studies, linguist, literary scholar, nationalist, Buddhist scholar, historian, educator and social activist. He has served as a member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vice President of Peking University, Director of the Institute of South Asian Studies of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and is the only tenured professor at Peking University. He is the only tenured professor at Peking University. He is fluent in English, German, Sanskrit, Pali, Russian and French, and is especially proficient in Tuvaluan, one of the only scholars in the world who are proficient in this language. He was one of only a few scholars in the world who specialized in this language. "Sanskrit, Buddhism, and the study of the Tuvaluan language were carried out side by side, and the study of Chinese literature, comparative literature, and literary theory flew in tandem", and his writings were compiled into the 24-volume "Collected Writings of Ji Xianlin". During his lifetime, he had written three words of laurels: master of national studies, scholarly leader, and national treasure.

Ji Xianlin was born on August 2, 1911, in Qingping County, Shandong Province (now Linqing City), Kangzhuang Town, grandfather Ji Lao-tai, father Ji Sulian, mother Zhao, farmers. His uncle, Ji Sucheng, was a farmer. At an early age, he learned to read and write with Ma Jinggong. At the age of 6, Ji went to Jinan to join his uncle, Ji Sucheng, and enrolled in a private school; one year later, he enrolled in the primary school attached to the first division of Jinan, and then transferred to Xinyu Primary School for his first year of high school; at the age of 10, he began to learn English, and graduated from Zhengyi Middle School in 1926, and enrolled in the high school attached to Shandong University. He began to learn German in high school and became interested in foreign literature. In 1929, he entered Jinan High School of Shandong Province, and his Chinese teacher was Dong Qiufang, a friend of Lu Xun, who was also a famous translator and knew many languages, namely Yugoslavian, Hindi, Arabic, English, German, French, Russian, Sanskrit, Tuvaluan, Slavic, Pali, and Vedic. [1]

"The reason why I have been dancing with my pen and ink for fifty or sixty years, and why I still cannot put down my pen even now when I am past my eighties and nineties, is all due to the gift of Mr. Dong, which I will never forget." --Ji Xianlin

About Ji Xianlin's birthday, here is a little note in passing. For decades, everyone knows that Ji Xianlin's birthday is August 6th. It has become customary for his friends and relatives, students, leaders at all levels, and even foreign ambassadors to wish him a happy birthday on this day. However, in August 2001, the municipal leaders of Liaocheng and Linqing invited him back to his hometown to celebrate his 90th birthday. After the birthday celebration meeting, he wrote a paragraph when he was writing the article "Hometown Walk": "August 6 - I would like to note one thing here in passing: my birthday is August 2 when converted from the old calendar to the Gregorian calendar. Due to an accidental clerical error, it was changed to the sixth day, making me live four days less - sort of my birthday." This incident also counts as an anecdote in Ji's life. However, it is also quite intriguing that for so many years, he has listened to the blackmail of his birthdate and let it go, making the mistake without saying a word.

In 1930, Ji Xianlin was admitted to the Department of Western Literature at Tsinghua University, specializing in German. In his freshman year, he studied English with Ye Gongchao. He listened to Prof. Chen Yincheng's translation of Buddhist scriptures, Zhu Guangqian's psychology of literature and art, Wu Mi's "Comparison of Chinese and Western Poetry" and "British Romantic Poets", as well as Zhu Ziqing's, Yu Pingbo's, and Xie Wanying's (Bingxin's) Zheng Zhenduo's classes. With classmates Wu Shuyao, Lin Geng, Li Changzhi became close friends, known as the "four guests". Among his classmates was Hu Qiaomu. Like "pure poetry", such as the French Weiland, Mallarmé. Belgian Verhallen, as well as the Six Dynasties parallelism, Li Yishan, Jiang Baishi's works. Translated the works of Deleuze and Turgenev. During his college years, he was awarded a scholarship by the government of his hometown, Cheongpyeong County, for his excellent grades. [1]

In the spring of 1936, Ji chose Sanskrit. He thought that "Chinese culture has been too much influenced by Indian culture, and I want to make a thorough study of the cultural relationship between China and India, so that I may be able to make some discoveries". Therefore, "I have to read Sanskrit." "The path I was to follow all my life has finally been found, and I have followed it for more than half a century, all the way up to the present time, and will continue to do so." "Fate allowed me to strengthen my faith." Ji majored in Indology at the Institute of Sanskrit Studies at the University of Attingen, studying Sanskrit and Pali. He chose English linguistics and Slavic linguistics as his minor, and added Yugoslavian. Ji Xianlin studied under Prof. Walderschmidt, a renowned Sanskrit scholar and host of the Sanskrit Lectures, who was his only student. In one semester, there were more than 40 classes, and Ji was extremely diligent in his studies. The Buddhist text "The Great Events" was written in three large volumes in mixed Sanskrit, and he was devoted to reading and writing, "turning on the electric light to follow the sundial, and constantly working to exhaust the year". From December 1940 to February 1941, Ji received four "distinctions" in his dissertation defense and examinations in Indology, Slavic languages, and English, and was awarded his doctorate. Because of the war, there was no way to return to China, so he had to stay in G?ttingen. in October, he became a faculty member of the Institute of Sinology at the University of G?ttingen, while continuing his research on Buddhism mixed with Sanskrit, and published a number of important papers in the Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of G?ttingen. "This was the golden period of my lifelong academic life, and it hasn't been the same since. The 'post-doctoral' years were the eve of the collapse of fascism, the material scarcity of Germany itself, and the foreigner Ji was inevitably struggling 'in the hell of starvation', enduring the same war scourge as the common people of Germany. As an overseas traveler, he was y attached to his homeland, especially felt that 'the end of the world has a poor time, only the endless place of lovesickness', the thought of the motherland and the thought of affection day and night", "I was disappointed to look at the gray sky, and in the light of the tears, I saw my mother's face and shadow". He received his doctorate in philosophy from the University of G?ttingen in 1941. He later studied the Tuvaluan language under the linguist E. Sigg.

In October 1945, shortly after the end of the Second World War, he hurriedly packed his clothes and went on the road, returning east through Switzerland, "like a spring dream, ten years flew by". Leaving G?ttingen 35 years later in 1980, Ji Xianlin rate of China's social science delegation revisited the city, and then visit the 83-year-old Walderschmidt masters, see each other like a dream. Later, he made a touching and famous article "Return to G?ttingen".

May 1946, arrived in Shanghai, then went to Nanjing, reunited with Li Changzhi, introduced by Li, acquaintance with prose writer Liang Shiqiu, poet Zang Kejia. In Nanjing to visit the Qinghua period of his teacher Chen Yinkui, Chen recommended him to teach at Peking University, so he met with the acting president of Peking University in Nanjing, Fu Si-nian. In the fall, returned to Peking, visited the Dean of the Faculty of Letters of Peking University, Tang Yutong.

From 1946 to 1983, he was appointed professor and head of the Department of Oriental Languages and Literature at Peking University, where he founded the department. Among his colleagues were the Arab linguist Ma Jian and the Indologist Jin Kemu. After liberation, he continued to serve as professor and head of the Department of Oriental Languages and Literature at Peking University, engaging in departmental affairs, scientific research and translation work.

In 1956, he became a member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and was elected as a member of the second, third and fourth sessions of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) in 1954, 1959 and 1964. He visited India, Burma, East Germany, the former Soviet Union, Iraq, Egypt, Syria and other countries as a cultural ambassador of China. "During the Cultural Revolution, he was brutally persecuted by the Gang of Four and their henchmen in Peking University. Since 1973, he began to translate the Ramayana, and in 1977, he finished the translation of this great work.

In 1978, he continued to serve as the head of the Department of Eastern Languages at Peking University, and was appointed vice president of Peking University and director of the Institute of South Asian Studies at Peking University. He was elected as a member of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. His writings have been compiled into the Collected Works of Ji Xianlin, ****24 volumes.

In 1983, he was elected as a member of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress. In 1988, he became the chairman of the Board of Governors of the Chinese Culture Academy. He has visited Germany, Japan and Thailand as a scholar, and in 2006, he was honored as "Moving China 2006 Person of the Year", and in 2008, he was appointed as the cultural and artistic advisor of the Beijing Olympic Games opening and closing ceremonies team together with the famous American director Steven Spielberg***. [<1]

Ji Xianlin died of a heart attack at 8:50 p.m. on July 11, 2009, in Beijing's 301 Hospital.

Ji Xianlin's academic research, in his own words: "Sanskrit, Buddhism, and the study of the Tuvaluan language are carried out side by side, and Chinese literature, comparative literature, and the study of literary theories fly in tandem". Comprehensive Professor Zhang Guanglin of the Oriental Studies Department of Peking University and Mr. Ling Ke said that Ji's academic achievements roughly included in the following 10 aspects:

1, the study of ancient Indian language: doctoral dissertation "Changes of finite verbs in the Thirst of the Great Events", "The transformation of the endings of the Middle Indian languages -am, to -o and -u", "The use of the indefinite past as a criterion in the determination of the age and source of Buddhist texts" and other papers, at that time the thesis was a great success in this area. Criteria," and "The Use of the Indefinite Past Tense as a Criterion for Determining the Age and Origin of Buddhist Texts," and other papers that made pioneering contributions to the field of study at the time.

2. Research on the history of Buddhism: He is one of the few scholars of Buddhism at home and abroad who can really use the original Buddhist texts to conduct research, combining the study of the law of change of the language of the Middle Ages in India with the study of the history of Buddhism, and searching out the process of the emergence, evolution, and transmission of the main Buddhist classics, so as to determine the process of the emergence and transmission of the important sects of Buddhism.

3, the study of the Tuvaluan language: the early representative work of the "Prince Fuli's Karma Sutra" Tuvaluan all the parallel translations of all the books, for the Tuvaluan language semantic research has created a successful method, 1948, that is, the Xinjiang Museum Tibetan Tuvaluan script "Maitreya meets with the record" for translation and interpretation, 1980, and on the 70's in Xinjiang Turfan area of Tuvaluan language "Maitreya meets with the record", a new discovery, published a number of research papers, broke the record of the "Maitreya meets with the record", and published a number of research papers. In 1980, he published several research papers on the newly discovered Maitreya's Meeting Book in Turpan, Xinjiang, in the 1970s, which broke the deception of "the discovery of Tuvalu literature in China and its study abroad".

4, China and India cultural exchanges history research: "Chinese paper and papermaking method imported into India time and place" "Chinese silk imported into India, a preliminary study of the problem" and other articles, as well as "Journey to the West" some of the ingredients from India's argument, indicating that the Chinese and Indian cultures "learn from each other, have their own innovations, cross-lighting and mutual illumination, and mutual infiltration "

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5, the history of Chinese and foreign cultural exchanges research: in the 80's, edited "Datang Western Regions Records," "Datang Western Regions Records of the present translation," and write 100,000 words of "preface to the school notes," is an important result of the study of the history of the Western Regions of the country in the past few decades, and in 1996 the completion of "History of Sugar" more than the display of the history of cultural exchanges between ancient China, India, Persia, Arabia, Egypt, South-East Asia, as well as Europe, the United States, Africa, the three continents and the regions. The historical scroll of cultural exchanges has important historical and practical significance.

6. Translation and introduction of Indian literature and Indian literature research: The Ramayana is one of the two major ancient epics of India, with more than 20,000 odes, translated into Chinese with more than 90,000 lines, and finally translated by Ji Xianlin after 10 years of perseverance and hard work, which is an unprecedented event in the history of translation in China.

7. Comparative Literature Research: In the early 80's, he was the first to advocate the restoration of comparative literature research and called for the establishment of a Chinese school of comparative literature, which made a great contribution to the revival of comparative literature in China.

8, Oriental culture research: from the late 80's, strongly advocate the study of oriental culture, edited a large cultural series "Oriental Culture Integration", about 500 more than 800 volumes, is expected to be completed in 15 years.

9, the preservation and rescue of the motherland's ancient canonical books: in the 1990s, served as the chief compiler of the two giant series of "Siku Quanshu Cunmu Series" and "Heirloom Collection".

10, prose creation: from the age of 17 to write prose, decades of incessant plowing, has been more than 800,000 words, Zhong Jingwen in the celebration of Ji's 88 years old birthday, said: "the highest realm of literature is simplicity, and Mr. Ji's works have reached this realm. He is plain because he is sincere." "I love that Mr. Literature is as good as a wild old man talking about his family."