How to take pictures with an X-ray machine

X-rays and γ-rays pass through the material, its intensity gradually weakened. Rays also have an important property, is to make the film sensitized, when X-rays or γ-rays irradiation of film, and ordinary light, can make the film emulsion layer of silver halide to produce a latent image of the center, after the development and fixing will be blackened, the more rays received by the parts of the blackening of the higher, this role is called a photographic effect of the rays. Because X-rays or γ-rays to make the silver halide photographic effect is much smaller than the ordinary light, so it must use special X-ray film, this film is coated on both sides of the thicker latex, in addition, but also the use of a photographic effect can be strengthened to increase the role of sensing the screen, sensing the screen is usually made of lead foil.

The exposure of the film in the darkroom after developing, fixing, washing and drying, and then dry the negative on the viewing lamp to observe, according to the negative defective parts of the blackness image is not the same as the parts of the defects, you can judge the defects of the type, quantity, size, etc., which is the principle of radiographic flaw detection.

X-rays are generated from the X-ray tube, X-ray tube is a bipolar tube. The cathode filament is energized so that the incandescent electrons are released in a vacuum, if the voltage between the two poles plus dozens of kilovolts to hundreds of kilovolts (called the tube voltage), the electrons from the cathode to the anode to accelerate the direction of the flight, to obtain a lot of kinetic energy when these high-speed electrons hit the anode. With the anode metal atoms outside the nucleus of the Coulomb field, X-rays are released.

The kinetic energy of the electrons is partially transformed into X-ray energy, most of which is transformed into heat energy. Electrons are moved from the cathode to the anode, and the current is the opposite, from the anode to the cathode flow, this current is called the tube current, to regulate the tube current, as long as the adjustment of the filament heating current can be adjusted, the regulation of the tube voltage is to rely on the adjustment of the primary voltage of the main transformer of the X-ray device to achieve.