How many kinds of preventive vaccines are there? What are they?

Children should be vaccinated with five kinds of vaccines within one year after birth: BCG and polio.

Vaccine (commonly known as sugar pill), hepatitis B vaccine, DTP mixed preparation, measles vaccine. Wherein the card

BCG can prevent tuberculosis, sugar pills can prevent poliomyelitis and hepatitis B vaccine.

Prevention of hepatitis B, prevention of pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus with DTP mixture,

Measles vaccine to prevent measles.

In addition to vaccinating children with the above-mentioned "five seedlings", our city also takes into account the epidemic situation of infectious diseases and the resistance of residents.

At the physical level, the following vaccines are selectively vaccinated:

Meningococcal vaccine: The vaccination procedure of group A meningococcal vaccine is that the initial vaccination time is 6-6 days.

Vaccinate 2 needles in the month of 65438+August, and the interval between the second needle and 1 needle shall not be less than 3 months; I picked it up when I was three years old.

The interval between the third injection and the second injection should not be less than 1 year. In meningitis, primary immunization and multiple inoculation should be carried out.

Completed before the epidemic season, it can prevent epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis A. In recent years,

The incidence of group C meningococcal disease is rising, and the A+C meningococcal vaccine was used in our city in 2003.

The vaccination procedure of group A+C meningococcal vaccine is for people over 2 years old 1 needle, and repeated vaccination is avoided within 3 years.

Kindness

JE vaccine: The vaccination procedure of JE inactivated vaccine is 2 shots of basic immunization with an interval of 7- 10 day.

10 day, 1 2-18 months old,1injection.

Hepatitis A vaccine: The vaccination procedure of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine is: 1 children over the age of 2,

The interval between two stitches is 6 months; Attenuated live vaccine adopts the procedure of 1 needle.

Rubella vaccine: the vaccination plan is children over 0 years old 1 needle.

Mumps vaccine: the vaccination program is for people over 0 years old 1 needle.

Measles-rubella-mumps vaccine: This is a combined vaccine, which can prevent measles with one shot.

Rubella and mumps are three infectious diseases.

Hib vaccine: vaccination program: 2 months old, 3 months old, 4 months old and 65,438+0 years old, each with 65,438+0 doses.

Chickenpox vaccine: the vaccination project is 1 children over one year old.

5. Under what circumstances should vaccination be inappropriate?

Children under any of the following circumstances are not suitable for vaccination or cannot be vaccinated temporarily:

Children with severe dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema and purulent skin diseases at the inoculation site should

Inoculation after cure;

Children with fever whose body temperature exceeds 37.5℃. Because fever may be flu, measles, encephalitis,

Early symptoms of acute infectious diseases such as hepatitis, at which time vaccination will aggravate the condition. So, you have to recuperate.

Then vaccinate;

Children with severe heart disease, liver disease, kidney disease and tuberculosis are not easily vaccinated. he

The child's physique is poor, and the diseased organs cannot add extra burden;

Nervous system diseases, such as epilepsy and brain hypoplasia, are also not suitable for vaccination;

Children with severe malnutrition, rickets and congenital immunodeficiency are not easy to be vaccinated.

They lack raw materials to form immunity or immune organ dysfunction;

Children with allergies and asthma and urticaria should not be vaccinated. Because the vaccine contains

Trace allergens, allergic children will have allergic reactions after vaccination;

Children with diarrhea who defecate more than 4 times a day are not easy to get polio sugar pill vaccine. diarrhea

Sugar pill vaccine can be excreted quickly and lose its effect. In addition, if diarrhea is caused by a virus infection.

Will interfere with the immunity of the vaccine.

6. How long will it take to finish the vaccination?

Produce immunity

After vaccination, it takes some time for the human body to develop immunity, and the length of time depends on

Types of vaccines, vaccination times, vaccination routes and physical health status. Generally, it is the first vaccine.

It takes about 1-4 weeks to produce immunity after the second inoculation, but the immunity is weak and lasts for a short time.

After re-inoculation, effective immunity can be produced in about a week, and the immunity is strong. When maintained,

The interval is longer. Therefore, it is necessary to complete the vaccination times according to the regulations. Some seasonal infectious diseases,

In order to effectively prevent diseases, vaccination must be completed one month before the epidemic season. Such as Japanese encephalitis vaccine

Vaccination should be completed in April-May every year.