Where is Thailand from? General situation of Thailand

The Kingdom of Thailand, referred to as Thailand for short, is a country in Southeast Asia, bordering Laos and Cambodia in the east, the Gulf of Siam and Malaysia in the south, and Myanmar and the Andaman Sea in the west. Before 1949 May 1 1, the name of Thailand was Siam. The national flag is rectangular with an aspect ratio of 3: 2. It consists of five parallel horizontal rectangles: red, white and blue.

The top is red, the middle is blue, and the top and bottom of blue are white. The width of blue is equal to the width of two red or two white rectangles. Red represents the nation and symbolizes the strength and dedication of the people of all ethnic groups; Thai Buddhism is the state religion, and white represents religion, symbolizing the purity of religion; Thailand is a constitutional monarchy, and the king is supreme. Blue represents the royal family, and the middle of blue symbolizes the royal family, which is pure religion among people of all ethnic groups. The national emblem of Thailand is a totem pattern with religious mystery. Crimson Dapeng is a god in Thai folklore. Osmanthus fragrans is the official language of Thailand and belongs to the Dong-Tai language family of Zhuang-Dong language family.

Thai is an analytical language, and different tones can distinguish vocabulary and grammar. Thai and Taiwanese Thai and Taiwanese are English translated from Thai and can refer to a language or a group of languages. Generally speaking, articles written in Chinese, one language should be written in Thai, and a group of languages including Thai should be written in Taiwanese. Symbol of Thai baht: Thai baht Buddhism is the national religion, with 95% followers, followed by Islam, 3.8%, Christianity, 0.5%, others, 0.7%. Taogong, Pattani and Jiala in southern Thailand are mainly Muslims. And Catholics and Hindus.

Area 5 13 1 15 km2 (50th in the world) Total population: 6544437 1 (9th in the world) Population density: 127/km2 (59th in the world) Thai is the national language. 94% of the residents believe in Buddhism, Malays believe in Islam, and a few people believe in Christianity, Catholicism, Hinduism and Sikhism. The registered population of Bangkok is 5.84 million (65438+February 2006). Head of State King Bhumibol of adulyadej, King Rama IX.

1946 ascended the throne on June 9th, and 1950 was crowned on May 5th. According to the Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, the Kingdom of Thailand is a democratic country and the king is the head of state. Important water-splashing festival (April 13 to April15 in Gregorian calendar); Loi krathong (Thai calendar 65438+February15); National Day (King's birthday, Gregorian calendar 65438+February 5th). This section is located in the south-central part of Indochina Peninsula. It borders Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar, with the Gulf of Thailand (Pacific Ocean) in the southeast and the Andaman Sea (Indian Ocean) in the southwest. Tropical monsoon climate. It is divided into three seasons: hot, rainy and cool. The annual average temperature is 24 ~ 30. 138 began to form a relatively unified country.

It experienced Sukhothai Dynasty, Dacheng Dynasty, Guo Liguo Wang Wu and Bangkok Dynasty. Formerly known as Siam, 1652 (the ninth year of Shunzhi), Siam sent envoys to pay tribute to the Qing Dynasty, which opened the exchanges between the two countries. In 767, the Burmese army invaded Siam and breached the capital of Siam. Pierre Marsh, the prefect of Dacheng Dynasty, organized the Siamese people to repel the invading Burmese army, unified Siam and was made king.

1768, Marsh sent an envoy to the Qing Dynasty to ask the Qing court to make him King of Siam, but the Qing court thought he took the opportunity to usurp the throne and refused. However, Marsh continued to show kindness to the Qing government, and the Qing government finally recognized the dynasty established by Marsh in 1777 and allowed the Siamese envoys to pay tribute to the Qing court. 1823 (the third year of Daoguang), the Qing government presented the plaque of the Eternal Hall to the King of Siam, Frodo Trana Balai. /kloc-in the 0/9th century, colonialists such as Portugal, the Netherlands, Britain and France invaded successively.

1855, the British representative and Hong Kong Governor Pauling forced Siam to sign the Anglo-Siam Trade Treaty (Pauling Treaty). Since then, France, the United States, Germany, Italy and other countries have followed the example of Britain and forced Siam to sign similar treaties. Siam became a semi-colony of western colonial countries. 1896, Britain and France signed a treaty stipulating that Siam is the buffer state between British Burma and French Indian zhina. The relationship between Siam and Buddhism in Qing Dynasty gradually came to an end. /kloc-at the end of 0/9, King Rama IV began to open to the outside world. King Rama V used western experience for reference to carry out social reform. 1In June, 932, during the reign of King Rama VII, the Democratic Party staged a coup, turning absolute monarchy into constitutional monarchy.

1939 was renamed Thailand, and it was officially named Thailand on 1949 after several changes. 7 hours earlier than GMT; One hour later than Beijing time. King adulyadej of Bhumibol ascended the throne in 1946 and was crowned in May 1950. Thai Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra became Prime Minister in February 2006. In March 2005, he was re-elected as Prime Minister. Population: 63.082 million (February 2003). Thailand is a multi-ethnic country, composed of more than 30 ethnic groups, among which Thais account for 40% of the total population, the elderly account for 35%, Malays account for 3.5%, and Khmer accounts for 2%. In addition, there are Miao, Yao, Guangxi, Wen, Karen, Shan and other mountain nationalities. Thai is the national language. Buddhism is the national religion of Thailand.

More than 90% of the residents believe in Buddhism, Malays believe in Islam, and a few people believe in Protestantism, Catholicism, Hinduism and Sikhism. For hundreds of years, almost all customs, literature, art and architecture in Thailand have been closely related to Buddhism. When you travel to Thailand, you can see monks in yellow robes and splendid temples everywhere. Therefore, Thailand also has the reputation of yellow robe Buddha country. Buddhism has shaped the moral standards for Thais and formed the spirit of advocating tolerance, tranquility and peace. Bangkok is the political, economic and cultural center of the whole country, and it is a metropolis that combines modernity and tradition. There are still places of interest to commemorate the glorious tradition.

The resplendent Grand Palace, resplendent Jade Buddha Temple, solemn Golden Buddha Temple and Four-faced Buddha have attracted a large number of tourists, which makes people forget to return. The population is about 8 million. Thailand has a history and culture of more than 700 years, formerly known as Siam. 1238 The Sukhothai Dynasty was established and a relatively unified country began to take shape. Experienced Sukhothai Dynasty, Dacheng Dynasty, Tunwu Dynasty and Bangkok Dynasty.

Since16th century, it has been invaded by colonialists such as Portugal, Holland, Britain and France. /kloc-at the end of 0/9, King V of Bangkok dynasty absorbed a lot of western experience to carry out social reform. 1896, Britain and France signed a treaty stipulating that Siam is the buffer state between British Burma and French Indian zhina, thus making Siam the only non-colonial country in Southeast Asia. 1June, 932, the People's Party staged a coup and established a constitutional monarchy. Luan Piwen came to power in 1938, and in June 1939, he was renamed Thailand, meaning King of Thailand. 194 1 was occupied by Japan, and Thailand announced to join the Axis. Siam's name was restored on 1945. 1949 changed its name to Thailand in May.

The current Constitution was adopted by the Legislative Assembly on September 27th, 1997, and was promulgated and implemented on October 1 1 in the same year. It is Thailand 16 Constitution. The new constitution stipulates that Thailand implements a democratic political system with the king as the head of state; As the king's head of state and the supreme commander of the Royal Armed Forces are sacred and inviolable, and no one can blame or blame the king. Legislative power, executive power and judicial power are exercised by the King's Parliament, the Cabinet and the courts respectively. Congress is bicameral, with an upper house and a lower house, all directly elected. Its main functions are legislation, review of government policies, national budget and supervision of government work. The Prime Minister comes from the House of Commons and is nominated by not less than 2/5 members of the House of Commons. Members of the House of Commons are voted by more than half of the votes and appointed by the Speaker of the National Assembly.

The Cabinet has 36 members. Junior members of the cabinet must resign from their membership when they hold cabinet positions. When they are in office or leave office, they must declare and publish their personal property. Members of parliament may not belong to any political party or serve as members of the cabinet.

As a traditional agricultural country, agricultural products are one of the main sources of foreign exchange income, mainly producing rice, corn, cassava, rubber, sugar cane, mung bean, hemp, tobacco, coffee beans, cotton, palm oil, coconut fruit and so on. The cultivated land area in China is 20.7 million hectares, accounting for 38% of the national territory.

Thailand is a world-famous rice producer and exporter, and rice export is one of the main sources of Thailand's foreign exchange income, accounting for about one-third of the rice turnover in the world market. Thailand is also the third largest seafood country in Asia after Japan and China, and the largest shrimp producer in the world. Thailand is rich in natural resources, including potassium salt, tin, lignite, oil shale and natural gas, as well as zinc, lead, tungsten, iron, antimony, chromium, barite, precious stones and petroleum. Among them, potassium salt reserves are 40.7 million tons, ranking first in the world, tin reserves are about10.2 million tons, accounting for 12% of the world's total reserves, oil shale reserves are about10.87 million tons, lignite reserves are about 2 billion tons, and rubber production ranks first in the world, with an annual output of 2 1 10,000 tons, accounting for.

Resources, fishery resources, oil and natural gas are also the basis of its economic development. Natural gas reserves are about 16.4 trillion cubic feet, oil reserves150,000 tons, and forest coverage rate is 25%. In addition, Thailand is also rich in durian and mangosteen, which are called the king and queen of fruit respectively. Tropical fruits such as litchi, longan and rambutan are also world-famous. With the rapid development of economy, the economic structure of Thailand has changed obviously. Although agriculture still plays an important role in the national economy, the proportion of manufacturing industry in its national economy is expanding day by day. Manufacturing industry has become the largest industry and one of the major export industries. A major feature of Thailand's industrialization process is to make full use of its rich agricultural resources to develop food processing and related manufacturing industries. The main industrial categories are: mining, textile, electronics, plastics, food processing, toys, automobile assembly, building materials, petrochemical and so on. Since 1980s, export products have gradually shifted from agricultural products to industrial products.

The main export products are: automatic data processors, integrated circuit boards, automobiles and spare parts, ready-made clothes, fresh frozen shrimp, precious stones and jewelry, primary chemical fiber, rice, radios and televisions, rubber, etc. The main imported products are: electronics and industrial machinery, integrated circuits, chemicals, computer accessories, steel, jewelry, metal products, etc. Thailand is rich in tourism resources, known as the country of smiles, with more than 500 scenic spots. Apart from Bangkok, Phuket, Pattaya, Chiang Mai and Pataia, a number of new tourist attractions such as Chiang Rai, Hua Hin and Koh Samui are developing rapidly. It attracts many foreign tourists.

Buddhism is the national religion of Thailand, and 90% people believe in Buddhism. For hundreds of years, almost all aspects such as customs, literature, art and architecture have been closely related to Buddhism. In Thailand, all Buddhist boys, at a certain age, have to cut their hair and become monks, even the royal family is no exception. When you travel to Thailand, you can see monks in yellow robes and splendid temples everywhere. Therefore, Thailand is also known as the yellow robe Buddha country. Buddhism has shaped the moral standards for Thais and formed the spirit of advocating tolerance, tranquility and peace. Famous institutions of higher learning in Thailand are: Chulalongkorn University, Hosei University, Mahidol University, Srinagarindra Willow University, Asia Institute of Technology, etc.

The media in Thailand are mainly private and operate according to market rules. Thai media is the mainstream media in Thailand, while English and Chinese media are in a secondary position. The main Thai newspapers are Thai newspaper, People's Opinion newspaper, Daily News, Nation newspaper and Shayan newspaper. The main Chinese newspapers are Manager, New China Source, China Daily and Siam Daily.

The main English newspapers are: Asia Daily, World Daily, etc. There are more than 230 radio stations, 59 of which are run by the people's liaison office of the government. Thailand National Radio is the national radio station and the Ministry of Foreign Relations, which broadcasts in Thai, English, French, Chinese, Malay, Vietnamese, Lao, Cambodian, Burmese and Japanese. There are six wireless TV stations, all located in Bangkok, and most TV programs are broadcast by satellite.

There are 86 local cable TV companies. The TV network covers the whole country.

GrandPalaceinBangkok, also known as the Forbidden City, is the palace of King I to VIII of Bangkok, Thailand. The Grand Palace, with a total area of 2 1.84 million square meters, is located in the center of the capital Bangkok, next to the Chao Phraya River, and is the most spectacular ancient architectural complex in Bangkok.

In 782, Lohden Rama I of Bangkok dynasty began to build this magnificent palace. In 784, the first palace, Amalin Palace, was completed, and Rama I moved into the palace to take charge of politics. Later monarchs gathered the essence of Thai architectural art, constantly expanded the Grand Palace, and its decoration became increasingly gorgeous, making it reach its present scale. There is a white wall around the palace, about 5 meters high and 1900 meters long.

The main color of the building is white and the style is conjoined. The garden is full of green grass, flowers, trees and flowers. The Grand Palace is mainly composed of several palaces and a temple. The temple is located in the Grand Palace, with the famous Jade Buddha Temple complex. Located in the northeast corner of Bangkok Grand Palace, Jade Buddha Temple is the most famous Buddhist temple in Thailand and one of the three national treasures in Thailand. Jade Buddha Temple, built in 1784, is a part of the Grand Palace in Thailand, accounting for about a quarter of its area. Jade Buddha Temple is a place where the Thai royal family worships jade Buddha statues and holds religious ceremonies. It is named after the jade Buddha in the temple. There are Jade Buddha Hall, King Fairy Hall, Buddha Bone Hall, Sutra Pavilion, Bell Tower and Golden Pagoda in the temple. Jade Buddha Temple is the main building of Jade Buddha Temple.

The shrine in the center of the main hall is dedicated to the jade Buddha statue regarded as a national treasure by Thailand. The Buddha statue is 66 cm high and 48 cm wide. It is carved from a piece of jasper. Whenever the seasons change, the king of Thailand will personally change clothes for the jade Buddha to ensure the prosperity of the country and the safety of the people. Whenever the Thai cabinet changes, all cabinet members of the new government will be sworn in to the king at the Jade Buddha Temple. Every May, on the busy farming day, the king will hold a religious ceremony here to pray for a bumper harvest. There is a mural corridor about one kilometer long around the temple. There are 178 color comic books with the theme of Indian classical literature "Jinghua Zhongyuan Daily", with Thai translated poems. China's story "Bangkok Post" is painted on several large porcelain screens in the Jade Buddha Temple. The true bodhi tree is located in Wankao Village, Hunbi District, Shimapu County, Bajin Prefecture, Thailand. It is the oldest and largest bodhi tree in Thailand. This bodhi tree is very tall, and its trunk is more than 16 meters thick, so 10 people can fold it. It is about 6 meters high, and the branches on it are about 3 times as high as the trunk.

It has dense foliage and broad shade. The circumference of a square circle is about 52 meters. Sakyamuni once became a Buddha under the bodhi tree in India, so the bodhi tree became a sacred symbol of Buddhism. According to research, this tree was transplanted from India and has a history of 1 100 years. This tree is used as the symbol of Zhenwuli City. Shimapu county is also named after its tree. Pu means Bodhi in Thai, and Shima is an extremely beautiful and noble adjective. There is a Buddhist temple not far from the tree, called Yuepushi Mahapu Temple. A grand Buddha worship ceremony is held every May.

Located in Berlin, Thailand, the Ancient City Museum is the largest open-air museum in the world. This man-made ancient city brings together representative buildings from all over Thailand. After imitation or grafting, it was praised as Thailand Disneyland by tourists. The ancient city was founded in 1956, with extensive construction projects, which lasted for 20 years and covered an area of 200 mu. The ancient city is surrounded by brick walls, imitating the territorial outline of Thailand, showing a kind of

These are arranged in the museum according to the original geographical location. Some disappeared monuments have reappeared in front of people through the textual research of archaeologists and the efforts of artists, carefully produced according to their original appearance. There are more than a dozen groups of large sculptures made according to Buddhism and Thai folk traditions in the ancient city. In the northeast corner of the city, there is also a wildlife park where many tropical wild animals are kept. Visitors can get a general understanding of 1238 the history and art of Thailand since the establishment of Sukhothai Dynasty. Patrankun Ganheng: The famous third king of Thailand, who created the characters of Thailand today. King Lan Heng is an outstanding politician, diplomat and writer in Thailand. He is deeply respected and loved by the Thai people and is known as the father of Thailand. He sent envoys to China five times, from 1294 to 1300, and visited China twice (Yuan Dynasty), which became a beautiful talk in the history of Sino-Thai friendly relations.

Hundreds of years ago, many China people began to settle in Thailand and gradually became an important part of Thai society. 1 July 9751,China and Thailand established diplomatic relations. 1February, 1999, China and Thailand formally signed the National Newspaper in Bangkok. In September of the same year, President Jiang Zemin paid a state visit to Thailand. In May 2006, Premier Zhu Rongji visited Thailand. In August 2006, Thai Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra paid an official visit to China. In September 2002, Chairman Li Peng visited Thailand.

In February 2003, the Prime Minister of Thailand sent a letter to China. From June 5 to 10, 2003, President Hu Jintao paid a state visit to Thailand and attended the 11th APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting in Bangkok. The friendship between the Chinese and Thai peoples goes back to ancient times. Pursue an independent foreign policy and an all-round foreign policy, further strengthen economic diplomacy, and regard political and economic relations with ASEAN countries as the cornerstone of diplomacy.