List of 56 national costumes

The costumes of 56 ethnic groups are as follows:

Mongolian: Mongolian is a nomadic people with a long history and legend. Jewelry, robes, belts and boots are the four main parts of Mongolian costumes, and the ornaments on women's heads are mostly made of agate, pearls and gold and silver.

Hui nationality: Hui nationality is short for Hui nationality. The main symbol of Hui costumes is the head. Men like to wear white round hats, and Hui women often wear hijab.

Miao nationality: Miao nationality's arts and crafts, such as embroidery, brocade, batik and jewelry making, are famous internationally. Miao costumes are famous for their dazzling colors, complicated silver ornaments and intriguing cultural connotations.

Dai: Dai costumes fully reflect their regional characteristics, elegant and beautiful, both practical and decorative. Women's jewelry pursues lightness and beauty, and the colors of clothing are excellent.

Lisu people: Lisu people settled in Nujiang area in western Yunnan. The clothes of Lisu people are very distinctive. Women wear embroidered tops and linen skirts, and like to wear red and white beads, corals, shells and other accessories. The man was wearing a short coat, a linen gown, a sword on his left waist and an arrow bag on his right waist.

Tibetans: Tibetans are one of the ancient ethnic groups in China, mainly living in Tibet. The most basic features of Tibetan costumes are fat waist, long sleeves, big waist, right neck, long skirt, boots, braided hair, gold and silver, pearls and jade ornaments.

Zhuang: Zhuang is the most populous nation in China. Zhuang women are good at weaving and embroidery. The Zhuang cloth and brocade they weave are famous for their exquisite patterns and bright colors, and their unique batik is also praised by people.

Korean: Korean is mainly distributed in Jilin, Heilongjiang and Liaoning provinces. Koreans prefer plain white clothes to show cleanliness, neatness, simplicity and generosity, so Koreans have been called "white people" and called themselves "white compatriots" since ancient times.

Gaoshan nationality: The traditional costumes of Gaoshan nationality in Taiwan Province Province are brightly colored, mainly in red, yellow and black. Among them, men's dresses include waist skirts, dresses, embroidered feather crowns and robes. While women have short skirts, aprons and over-the-knee pants. In addition to clothing, there are many ornaments, such as crowns, arm ornaments and foot ornaments. , is made of flowers, when they dress up and dance, they wear it directly on their heads.

Naxi: Naxi women who fly to Dai Yue are famous for their diligence, ability, virtue and kindness. The most distinctive feature of the costume is the seven-star sheepskin shawl behind him. Seven embroidered circular cloth circles with a diameter of about two inches are arranged side by side on the shawl, and each cloth circle has a pair of hanging nails.

Bulang people: Bulang people dress simply, and women's clothes are similar to Dai people's. They wear tight collarless jackets, red, green or black skirts, their heads tied in a bun and wrapped in big buns. The man wears a double-breasted collarless coat, black trousers and black or white cloth on his head.

Achang: The costumes of Achang women vary with age and marital status. Unmarried girls wear a variety of big-breasted or double-breasted tops, black trousers, waist outside, and black heads. Married women usually wear blue-black double-breasted coats and skirts, and their calves are wrapped in leggings. They like to wrap a tall Baotou with black cloth, and there are four or five colorful hydrangeas hanging on the top of Baotou, which is quite distinctive.

Nu nationality: The style of Nu nationality clothing is simple and elegant. Women wear right cardigan tops, ankle-length skirts and black or red vests. Young girls like to wear colorful lace around skirts, and married women's dresses are embroidered with lace. Women's heads and chests are decorated with coral, agate, shells, beads and a string of silver coins. They wear big steel earrings hanging from their shoulders.

Ewenki: The raw materials of Ewenki costumes are mainly animal skins. Heavy wool coat, oblique double-breasted coat, big sleeves and long belt. Short fur coats and lambskin coats are wedding or holiday dresses. Both men and women, hem, collar and other places are decorated with cloth or sheepskin, wearing a belt. Like blue and black clothes.

Oroqen: Oroqen people wear wide robes. Because in the past, I was mainly engaged in hunting, and my clothes were mostly made of deer, roe deer and suede. The neckline, cuffs, hem and slit of the robe are decorated with embroidery and patchwork, and moire and antlers are commonly used. Wear a fur hat with felt on it and various decorations and colorful spikes sewn on it; The girl wears a hair band decorated with beads, shells, buttons, etc.

Hezhe nationality: the ancestors of Hezhe nationality have lived and prospered in Heilongjiang, Songhua River and Wusuli River basins since ancient times. Influenced by Manchu costumes, the fish fur coats of Hezhe nationality are mostly long clothes, mainly worn by women. Its style is like cheongsam, with a slightly narrow waist and a length above the knee.

Menba people: Menba people mainly live in Menjiao area and Medog county in Tibet, and their costumes are different in different areas. Men and women in Menjiao area wear Tibetan ochre robes and belts. Wearing a small round brown hat with an orange edge, with a delicate and striking small gap in front, is very ethnic. The feet wear boots, which are sewn in red and black, and the soles are soft soles of cowhide.

Bai people: Bai people mainly live in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, and the rest are distributed in all parts of Yunnan, Bijie Prefecture of Guizhou Province and Liangshan Prefecture of Sichuan Province. The headdress of Bai girls is very distinctive and has the meaning of "romantic love". The drooping ears represent the wind in Shimonoseki, the gorgeous flowers are the flowers in Shimonoseki, the white on the top of the hat is the snow in Cangshan, and the curved shape is the moon in Erhai Lake.

Bao 'an: The costumes of Bao 'an. Unmarried women often wear bright and colorful tops and thin, soft and translucent green silk veils. Married young women and middle-aged women generally wear white sanitary hats and black hijab when going out; Old women wear dark clothes and white headscarves.

Buyi nationality: Buyi nationality is a large minority in southwest China. The traditional clothing of Buyi people is that men wear clothes and women wear skirts. Women's clothes and skirts are decorated with batik, dress selection and embroidery patterns.

Daur: Daur men wear cloth clothes in summer and add robes, white cloth, straw hats and fur hats in winter. Women wear robes, no belts and no jackets. In winter, men and women wear Kami (leather boots), while women wear robes dominated by blue. In summer, they like to wear white socks and fancy shoes. Daur clothing was greatly influenced by Mongols and Manchus, wearing large fur robes, robes, white cloth, straw hats and leather boots.

De 'ang: The costumes of De 'ang are very distinctive. Women of Hong De 'ang and Hua De 'ang shaved their heads and wrapped them in black cloth. They like to wear big earrings, silver collars, blue and black double-breasted tops with two red stripes on the front edge and red and green Huang San pompoms on the hem edge.

Dongxiang nationality: The costumes of Dongxiang nationality are similar to those of Hui nationality, but their characteristics are quite obvious. Men usually wear black and white flat-topped hats, white shirts, black waistcoats and blue trousers, while the elderly wear black, gray and white.

Dong people: Dong people are mainly distributed in Guizhou, Hunan and other places. Dong men wear double-breasted shirts, some of which have no collar on the right side and big headscarves. Generally speaking, women wear big skirts, clothes without collars or buttons, skirts or trousers. Get used to girding your waist, Baotou Pa. Use four colors: black, cyan (blue), deep purple and white. Black and cyan are mostly used in spring, autumn and winter, white is mostly used in summer, and purple is mostly used in festivals.

Dulong: Dulong is divided into men and women, with Qi Mei hanging in front, shoulder-length behind, and covering his ears left and right. In the past, both men and women wore linen clothes. When wearing it, they are tucked under the left shoulder and copied to the chest, revealing the right chest and right arm. They were tied with straw ropes or bamboo needles and fell freely.

Russians: Russians are ethnic minorities who gradually moved southward from tsarist Russia to China and Xinjiang after the18th century. Russian traditional costumes are rich and colorful, and people will choose different colors and styles in different seasons.

Hani people: Hani people generally like to make clothes with navy blue Hani homespun. Men wear double-breasted jackets and trousers and wrap their heads in black or white cloth. Women usually wear collarless shirts with right lapels, trousers or skirts of different lengths, embroidered colorful lace on lapels and sleeves, embroidered waists and various styles of silver ornaments on their chests.

Kazak: Kazak is a nation characterized by nomadic grassland culture, and its costumes are easy to ride. Their national costumes are mostly made of sheepskin, fox skin, deer skin and wolf skin, which reflects the life characteristics of all ethnic groups in the mountainous grassland.

Jinuo: Jinuo people live in Jinuo Township and its vicinity in Jinghong County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Jinuo costumes are simple and simple, and they like to wear homemade homespun clothes with blue, red and black stripes.

Jing nationality: Jing nationality mainly lives in Jiwei, Wutou and Shanxin islands in Jiangping Township, Fangcheng Autonomous County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and is known as the "three islands of Jing nationality". Beijing women wear diamond-shaped bra cloth, collarless double-breasted tops, tight-fitting and narrow-sleeved wide-leg pants, mostly black or brown.

Jingpo people: Jingpo people mainly live in the mountainous areas of counties in Dehong Autonomous Prefecture. Women wear black double-breasted, black and red woven skirts and leggings. When a woman dresses up, there are many silver bubbles and pieces on her front, back and shoulders, seven silver collars or a string of silver chains or bells are hung around her neck, a tremella tube longer than her fingers is worn on her ears, and one or two coarse carved silver bracelets are worn on her hands.

Kirgiz: Kirgiz clothing, women prefer red and wear short clothes. Wearing a round golden velvet hat named "Taksi" and a headscarf. The woman wears a double-breasted coat, which is wide and collarless, but not knee-deep. Decorated with silver, the lower end of pleated skirt is inlaid with fur. There are also people who wear dresses, the lower end of which is covered with a baby flap and covered with a black vest or "ring".

Lahu people: Lahu people are mainly distributed in the south of Yunnan Province. Lahu people like black best, black is the beauty, and black is the main color. Lahu women's dress has the characteristics of women's dress in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. They wore long black robes, knee-length, with slits at both sides and high slits. They stood on the lapels on the right, decorated with silver bubbles. They like to use red or white lace to inlay cuffs and lapels, which looks bright and beautiful.

Li nationality: Li nationality lives in Tongshi Town, Hainan Island and other places. Li costume has its own unique personality in aesthetic and practical aspects. Li women's dress is mainly composed of three parts: top, bottom skirt and headscarf, all of which are embroidered with exquisite patterns.

Lhoba: Lhoba is mainly distributed in the southeast of Tibet, and it is the least populated ethnic group in China. Barrow women like to wear linen double-breasted collarless narrow-sleeved tops, covered with calf leather, wrapped in a knee-length tight skirt, wrapped in leg wraps and tied at both ends with straps. Barrow women like to wear linen double-breasted collarless narrow-sleeved tops, covered with calf leather, wrapped in a knee-length tight skirt, wrapped in leg wraps and tied at both ends with straps.

Manchu: Manchu is mainly distributed in the three northeastern provinces of China, with the largest number in Liaoning Province. Cheongsam is a traditional dress of Manchu women, which has both oriental colors and can fully show elegance and grace. It is considered as a typical national costume to express the beauty of women, and it is famous all over the world. There are four main forms: flag suit, vest and breeches. Men and women can wear flags regardless of season.

Maonan nationality: Maonan nationality mainly lives in the upper, middle and lower mountainous areas of Huanjiang County, Guangxi, and Maonan nationality is an indigenous nationality of Lingxi. The costumes of Maonan nationality are basically the same as those of Han nationality and Zhuang nationality nearby. The woman wears a very beautiful right jacket with two laces, and her trousers are wide and rolled with lace. Women don't wear skirts. They wear red or blue-black edges on cuffs and trouser legs.

Mulao people: Mulao people mainly live in Luocheng and other counties in Guangxi. Mulao people advocate cyan, and their clothing style is simple and simple. Mulao people grow their own cotton and indigo, weave their own homespun and dye their own. Beautiful and generous, durable.

Pumi: Young women wear short coats, which were made of hemp in ancient times and cotton in modern times, mostly in white, black and red, with straight openings, short lower openings, narrow sleeves and high collars. Adult women wear fur shawls, mostly white fur, which is beautiful and generous.

Qiang people: The Qiang people now mainly live in Mao Wen, western Sichuan. The traditional costumes of Qiang people are linen, sheepskin vest, Baotou handkerchief, belt and leggings, which are available to both men and women. Both men and women wear a sheepskin vest on their robes, commonly known as a "leather jacket". Hair inward on sunny days and outward on rainy days to prevent rain.

Salars: Salars mainly live in Xunhua County, Qinghai Province, which is located along the Yellow River. Women's clothes are mostly short coats, black or purple vests, trousers and embroidered cloth shoes.

She nationality: She nationality calls itself "Shanha", which means customers living in the mountains. Mainly distributed in Fujian Fuan, Jingning, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Anhui and other provinces, and mostly mixed with Han people. Most of its clothes are made of self-woven ramie cloth, black and blue, mostly black. The clothes are worn on the right, and the collar, cuffs and right lapels are all inlaid with colored lace.

Aquarium: Aquarium calls itself "seawater", which means water man. Most of them like to wear red or lace colored dresses, black velvet vests, trousers and red soft-soled boots. In order to resist the strong wind and cold on the plateau, I always wear a cylindrical embroidered cotton hat on my head.

Tajik: Tajik clothing is mostly made of fur and felt brown. Tajik women are fair-skinned, delicate and handsome, and like to wear red or embroidered dresses with big purple and green tones. Girls like round crowns embroidered with purple, gold and red flat flannel.

Tatar: Tatar's clothes are very chic. Men like to wear embroidered white shirts, plus a black waist-length vest or a black double-breasted gown, and their trousers are also black. This hat is embroidered with black and white. It is very beautiful for a woman to wear a small flower hat with beads and cover it with a big scarf. They like to wear white, yellow or fuchsia jumpsuits and ruffled dresses, decorated with earrings, bracelets and red bead necklaces.

Tujia: Most Tujia people live in Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces (now Chongqing). The pleated skirt of Tujia nationality "one man and one woman" retains the legacy of ancient "dress".

Gelao people: Gelao people are mainly distributed in Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County and Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County in Guizhou Province. Both men and women in Gelao wear skirts (short skirts for men and long skirts for women). Wrap a piece of cloth without wrinkles around your waist, like a barrel, called a "barrel skirt".

Tu: The symbol of Tu women's dress is commonly known as colorful sleeves, which is called Su Xiu in Tu language, which means "flowered sleeve shirt". From the bottom, the first line is black, symbolizing the land; The second kind of green symbolizes young crops and grass; The third yellow symbolizes the wheat pile; The fourth white symbolizes manna; The fifth blue symbolizes the blue sky; The sixth orange symbolizes golden light; The seventh kind of red symbolizes the sun.

Wa people: Wa people worship red and black, and most of their costumes are dominated by black and decorated with red, which basically retains the ancient mountain ethnic characteristics. Wa women's decorations are unique, and they like to wear big ear tubes, wide bracelets and thin rattan rings, which indicates the strong character of Wa people.

Uighurs: "Uighurs" mainly live in the south of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Flower hat is an integral part of Uygur costumes and one of the symbols of Uygur beauty.

Uzbeks: The traditional clothing of Uzbeks, characterized by various kinds of small flower hats worn by both men and women. The flower cap is hard-shelled, frameless, congratulatory or quadrilateral, and can be folded with edges and corners. The flower cap is made of dark green, black, white and purple gold velvet and corduroy. There are all kinds of ingenious geometric and floral patterns on the top of the hat and the surrounding countryside, which are exquisite in workmanship and bright in color.

Xibo nationality: Xibo nationality lives in Hulunbeier grassland and Nenjiang River basin. Xibo men usually wear robes and jackets with left and right lapels, with vests on the top and loose trouser leg straps on the bottom. Women should pay attention to dress, wear a foot-long cheongsam, stick lace or embroidered wide edges, and cover the vest. The vest has double-breasted buttons, large-breasted buttons and lace.

Yao nationality: Yao nationality is a typical mountain nationality in southern China. Yao women are good at embroidery, embroidering exquisite patterns on skirts, cuffs and trouser legs. Hair is braided around the top of the head, surrounded by colorful beads, and the neck of the skirt is embroidered with colorful patterns all the way to the chest.

Yugur: "The collar is high and the hat has tassels" is a major feature of Yugur costumes. Life and cultural traditions have formed the aesthetic standards of clothing, and the styles, colors, embroidery patterns and patterns of clothing are all formed according to their own national habits and passed down from generation to generation.

Yi people: Yi people are distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Yi costumes are rich in colors and styles, and are decorated with a lot of silver ornaments and embroidery.

Han nationality: The Han nationality is the main ethnic group in China. The main characteristics of Hanfu are horizontal collar and right lap. Instead of buttons, they are tied with ropes, giving people an impression of freedom and elegance. It is the embodiment of China's "country of clothes" and "country of etiquette", bearing the outstanding craftsmanship and aesthetics of Han nationality's dyeing and weaving embroidery.

Characteristics of national costumes:

National costume refers to the unique costumes in national cultures, which can also be called local costumes or folk costumes. In the urban life of some ethnic countries, although people mostly dress up in suits in their daily lives, they will also wear ethnic costumes on formal occasions such as festivals, religious ceremonies and ethnic ceremonies.

Usually, we can infer the marital status, social or religious status of the wearer from some decorations on the clothes. The cultural connotation of national costumes is rich, including raw materials, textile processing, printing and dyeing technology, embroidery technology, pattern, color expression, jewelry technology, cultural value and other factors. In 2008, *** 15 national costumes were listed in the national intangible cultural heritage list.

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