Moral Dilemmas Essay 3

Moral dilemma in the existence of personal real-life choices, the following is what I have organized for you, I hope you like it.

Moral Dilemma Essay: China's Moral Dilemma

Abstract: China is in a period of social transition, with the change of social structure, the people's morality also subtle changes. Nowadays, China's morality is in a period of slippery slope, in front of moral problems, people are confused when choosing. The moral dilemma is mainly manifested in the lack of honesty and gratitude. The author looks at the essence through the phenomenon and devotes himself to exploring the reasons for the moral dilemma.

Keywords: morality, moral dilemma, reflection

Food is the foundation of a country's survival. But from malachite green fish to red duck eggs, melamine milk powder, moldy steamed buns, artificial eggs, poisonous capsules? Even food safety has become unsafe when people take life to joke, completely disregard the existence of life, we can still believe in this society, believe in this nation? In the face of this food problem, our citizens, while complaining on the Internet and in newspapers, scolding the unscrupulous businessmen, scolding the government's inaction, scolding the society's moral decline, on the other hand, they are unmoved, forgiving and condoning these behaviors over and over again. Our citizens are caught in a loop when it comes to this moral issue. How should we think about the moral dilemma of the current society?

First, the definition of moral dilemma

The current academic definition of moral dilemma is mixed and confused. The first definition is that moral dilemma is a difficult problem. The second definition is that a moral dilemma is a type of moral paradox. The third definition is that the fulfillment of one moral obligation is the renunciation of another. The fourth definition is that a moral dilemma is a condition of moral failure. The fifth definition is that moral dilemmas should be understood in terms of moral choices, because a moral dilemma is a special situation that an actor may encounter only when making a moral choice. This situation, in the words of Western scholars, is one in which the actor is faced with a perplexing choice between two alternatives. We can see the complexity of moral dilemmas here. I myself understand it more as a fifth situation, where we are faced with a choice between two alternatives. Usually, our choices are between the moral and the immoral, the valuable and the worthless, the good and the bad, and as long as we have a sense of goodness and the ability to recognize good and evil, it is not difficult for us to make a choice.

Second, the performance of moral dilemmas

Moral dilemmas in the existence of personal choices in real life, some examples are rarely encountered. The famous trolley incident is one such example. But more often than not, they are problems that we must face. Moral dilemmas are mainly manifested in the following aspects.

(I) The choice between integrity and profit

Integrity is a virtue that is very much missing in our society today. We are a sick society, our integrity, conscience is usually lost in the pursuit of profit. People in the past used to say that a promise is worth a thousand pieces of gold, but we are now signing a contract will appear to renege on the situation. Even our universities are not spared. Plagiarism in papers is now widespread. In recent years there has been a wave of plagiarism and plagiarism in universities,? Essay is searching, copying, pasting? Essay is to shift, steal, and put together? Countless academics have utilized it as common sense in droves. The problem of academic corruption has become a troubling academic obstacle and a shadow looming over the campus ivory tower. Although the vast majority of students for the existence of thesis plagiarism, plagiarism on college campuses with a negative attitude, but students also said that the attitude and practice are two different things.

(2) The lack of gratitude

? Who says inches of grass heart, repay the three spring sunshine? , since ancient times, China's traditional ethics and morality is about filial piety and gratitude. Now our school every semester theme class meeting will be grateful, but I do not know who listen to the ears. Our CCTV will be held once a year to move China's selection. Why organize, is the lack of life, that is why we have to make efforts to dig, make efforts to publicize.

Third, the reasons for the emergence of moral dilemmas

A ? I? constitute the society, how the condition of the society can not be separated from the performance of each person. We can not put all the blame on the organization, the government, we have to reflect on their own behavior, moral dilemma is not a matter of elitists, not a hero, but is related to every citizen. So we need to think about this issue from a personal perspective.

(I) Self and role abstraction

In today's society, many people believe that ? I? is? I? I? is the role that comes before everything else. I am abstracted from the role. Me? The responsibility of the role is the role of the I. I am the one who is responsible for the role. The responsibility of the role. The role is the responsibility of the role. s responsibility is the responsibility of the role,? I'm the one who's responsible for the role. You can't be responsible for a role. Role? responsibility. This leads directly to the abdication of responsibility and the weakening of morality. Even though many people say that I am not, this is just a case of you not reflecting on the fact that your behavior has unconsciously withdrawn from the role me. We take responsibility by quietly choosing a part, or choosing the easier part, because we always put the blame on someone else, the reason is that it is not my responsibility. We all follow our inner selves, pursuing ideal egoism, abandoning role responsibility, we just rely on our own reason or feelings to judge at will, so I can choose what I think is the appropriate responsibility at will.

(ii) The weakening of moral binding.

? Fan Run Run? The incident also shows, to a certain extent, the problem that in the minds of the people, the moral binding mechanism has not been fully established. Morality is a convention that we have inherited in our daily lives. Once we break this convention, we should be condemned or punished. Our present moral mechanism is based on the traditional moral code of Confucianism, which has been handed down for thousands of years, and which is in contradiction to the civic education advocated by today's society. Once we violate this convention, we are punished only by public opinion or other minor and irrelevant consequences.

(3) The Lack of Moral Education

The transition from a traditional society to a market society has meant a shift from a society of acquaintances to a society of strangers. The objects people deal with are no longer limited to acquaintances, and secondly, they are extended to strangers. In such a society, a new kind of morality is needed to make market transactions orderly and uncluttered, i.e., ****ming morality. It is a morality used to regulate public **** relations between people and others. This kind of morality should clearly define the rights and obligations of individuals in public **** life. But how long have we not paid much attention to the building of civic morality for a long time, and the market transformation lacks the support of morality. Although we used to be in the market economy is very advocate, such as ? The great public selflessness? The first to suffer in the front, enjoyment in the back?

The moral dilemma is a process of choosing the good. It does not mean that our morality has been in total decline, nor does it mean that our morality is in total stagnation. It only means that our morality is in a stage of difficulty. Therefore, we should have a clear understanding of the moral dilemma. Continuously reflect on their own behavior, and strive to be a qualified citizen.

Moral Dilemma Essay: ? Help or not to help? The social moral dilemma behind the phenomenon

Abstract: Since the reform and opening up, China's economic and social development has made great progress, the people's material needs are greatly satisfied, the standard of living continues to improve, however, the problems in the field of social morality are endless, China's social morality is experiencing the reform of the ? The Chinese social morality is experiencing the reform?

Keywords:? help or not help? ; social morality; moral dilemma

Over the past thirty years of reform and opening up, in the transition from the traditional planned economy to the socialist market economy, China's economy has developed rapidly, the people's material needs have been greatly satisfied, the social standard of living has improved substantially, and the reality of life has changed dramatically, but the field of social morality has suffered a huge impact, due to the conflict between the old and the new values and Due to the conflict between old and new values and moral norms, the social life of the society has seen the emergence of Due to the conflict between old and new values and moral norms, there are problems in social life such as tainted milk powder? Xiaoyueyue? incident, and the "unspoken rules". The unspoken rules of the game The "Unsubstantiated Rules", and the "Unsubstantiated Rules". Academic misconduct A series of ethical misconduct issues.

First, the typical social and moral problems -? The first is to help the people who are not in need of help, and the second is to help the people who are not in need.

In 2014, the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, the skit "help or not help" was a real fire, a sentence? People can still be helped up when they fall down, but people can't be helped up when their hearts fall down. Directly referring to one of the hot issues in society today - the road meets the old man fell down, help or not help?

As early as in the skit "help or not help" before the public opinion has begun to pay attention to? The first time I saw this, it was a very good idea to get the best out of it. The problem, in 2006? The first time I saw the movie, I was in the middle of it. The first time I saw this, it was a very good thing that I was able to see it in a very good way. Xu Yunhe? Yin Hongbin? The occurrence of the case makes the society pay more attention to this problem, a lot of blackmail because of helping the fallen elderly and encountered the old man down onlookers do not save the news repeatedly in the press. 2012 August, Shanghai, an old man fell to the ground, no one dared to help onlookers, attracted foreign women passing by scolding; June 2013, Sichuan three elementary school students to help up the fallen elderly was blackmail, and eventually false accusations were detained; 2014 Guangdong a man Because help the fallen old man was blackmailed, choose to die to prove innocence; February 2015, Zhejiang, an old man fell to the ground, 23 people passed by but no one to help, and ultimately led to the elderly were crushed by a car and died; May 2015 Sichuan, an elementary school student to help up a fallen old man, but was falsely accused of being a hit man, in the witnesses of the evidence to be returned to innocence.

In 2014, Sichuan Daily launched ? Lei Feng Day? Lei Feng spirit questionnaire? , in? When the street met a hobbling old man fell, you will not help? This topic net poll, 17.88% of the netizens chose? Don't get into trouble, pretend not to see? and 36.71% of netizens voted for ? Do not help, directly call 110 or 120?, 45.41% of netizens said they would help the elderly. [1] However, it is worth noting that among the respondents who chose to help up the elderly, only 9.65% would not hesitate to go up and help up the elderly, 19.94% chose to find witnesses and then help up, and 15.82% encouraged people around them to help up together. A simple ? Help or not? The question reflects the dilemma of our current social morality in the transition period of society.

Second, the causes of the current social moral dilemma

Social morality has three elements in its significance, one is the morality of a certain society in its operation and development process, that is, it has a social nature, the process of the second is to coordinate the interests of various social groups, the formation of the relationship between the interests of various social members, that is, it has the role of the adjustment of social relations; third is the system of moral norms, moral values, moral practices and activities of the general public, the moral system, the moral system, the moral system, and the moral system. values, the sum of moral practice activities, that is, with the conceptual form, the practice form of dual characteristics. [2]

As far as the economic aspect is concerned, the development of the social economy, the reasonable distribution method, the fair competition method and so on relate to people's moral needs and aspirations, as well as the moral level of the whole society. First of all, since the reform and opening up, due to the influence of national policies, resulting in unbalanced economic development between regions and unfair social distribution, leading to the widening of the gap between the rich and the poor in the society; Secondly, the market economic system has set up a more free space for the economic behavior of individuals and collectives, and all the economic behaviors and economic means are to obtain more benefits for themselves and their own groups. Commodity exchange activities no longer really abide by the law of value, and the way of competition no longer follows the principle of fairness and justice; again, the blindness and volatility of the development and operation of the market economy have caused many individuals to abandon social morality in order to maximize their interests. In the process of market economic development, one-sided pursuit of efficiency first and economic interests, while neglecting the management of the market economy as well as the development of the market economy in the process of education, civic quality and so on, resulting in the development of the market economy in the development of one hand hard and one hand soft problem.

As far as the social system is concerned. The reason why China in the transition period of moral failure phenomenon, the system is not perfect is an important factor. First, the lack of system, the second is the existence of the existing system is unreasonable, unscientific, the third is the system update and social development of the disconnect. The system is a powerful guarantee of moral practice, and the imperfection of the social system in the transition period will definitely cause moral misconduct in many aspects of social life.

On the individual side, the first is the lack of moral conviction. Moral conviction is the individual's deep and rational belief in the correctness and justice of the moral ideals, moral personality, moral principles, and moral norms advocated by social morality. [3] Lack of moral conviction is, first of all, the moral subject's skepticism, faltering or even denial of a certain moral ideal goal and spiritual foundation. The transition period, whether from the real life of the economy, politics, culture and other aspects, or from the social form and spiritual state, have caused a huge impact on people. People reassess the original moral value system, the existing moral ideals and goals are suspected, shaken or even denied, the moral norms have lost their original binding force. Secondly, the moral feelings of indifference, lack of. Moral emotion is the inner experience caused by the moral subject's judgment of good and evil, and the moral inclination formed from the depth of his heart. [4] When the moral subject of the moral ideal goal doubt, shake or even denial, moral behavior is in a state of compulsion, people's worship of the original value system, respect faded or even disappeared, moral feelings also appeared indifference, lack of state, moral misconduct phenomenon also arises. Such as real life, see death, see justice, indifference to society and others, the loss of social responsibility.

Secondly, the psychological structure is disordered and the subject consciousness is strengthened. China's social transformation has brought about rapid economic development and a great improvement in people's living standards, which has greatly impacted individual psychology. On the one hand, the traditional culture of the concept of collective over individual, the concept of justice over profit, the concept of fairness and so on have been strongly challenged, people's selfishness; on the other hand, the concept of egoism, the concept of individualism and other individual subjective consciousness has been strengthened, over-emphasis on personal interests, individual-centered, which led to the emergence of a series of social and ethical misconduct phenomena.

Third, the solution to the dilemma of social morality

The Party's report pointed out that? Promote the construction of civic morality project, carry forward the truth, goodness and beauty, denounce the false, evil and ugly, guide people to consciously fulfill their legal obligations, social responsibilities, family responsibilities, to create a social atmosphere of glorious labor, great creation, cultivate a good culture of knowing honor and shame, speaking righteousness, dedication, and promote harmony.? [5]

One should strengthen moral education. Moral education is the most important and basic way to regulate social morality. First, we should pay attention to family education. Family moral education is the starting point of a person's whole life moral education, in cultivating individual moral character and moral personality, plays a school and society can not play a foundational role. Secondly, we should emphasize social moral education. Social moral education is an important aspect of the moral construction of society as a whole, and the first thing to do is to recognize the educational responsibility that society as a whole should assume, strengthen the research and construction of ethical and moral systems, and pay attention to the practice and application of ethical and moral thoughts. Attention should be paid to the importance of moral education in guiding the recipients and in adjusting social life in the transition period when many cultures are blending and old and new cultures are alternating. Thirdly, it attaches importance to the ways and means of moral education. In addition to emphasizing the educational activities in practice, moral education should also pay attention to the new moral problems caused by the change from closed to open and from single to multiple in the transition period, and seek ways of moral education that are compatible with the new social form. Combine the uniqueness of individuals with lifelong education, cultivate the ability of individual independent learning and self-education, and make moral education permeate all fields and levels of social life.

Secondly, we should improve the legal system and moral mechanism. First, the legalization of morality. That is, we should include the broad range of basic ethical behavior in the scope of legislation, the relationship between man and man, man and society, man and nature, what should be done and what should not be done, determined for the legal entries, so that the moral norms in real life more authoritative. Secondly, moral standardization. The law in the moral system, is a guaranteed bottom line, but more moral behavior in practical life does not reach the level of legal sanctions, more in violation of morality but not enough to the position of legal punishment. This requires the integration of moral norms into industry and local customs to make moral behavior more clear and precise. Second, the use of multi-angle and multi-media communication methods, so that moral norms in real life in a more in-depth and broader dissemination. Thirdly, building moral supervision mechanism. The legalization and standardization of morality are inseparable from an effective supervision mechanism. It can be said that a reasonable and perfect supervision mechanism for the legalization and standardization of morality plays the role of escort.

Third, we must actively play the value-oriented role of advanced culture. Strengthen the construction of social morality is inseparable from the value-oriented role of advanced socialist culture. To enhance the level and strength of social morality, it is necessary to inherit and carry forward the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation, and criticize and reflect on the values of money worship, egoism, individualism and so on. First, we must inherit the excellent traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. In the thousands of years of our country's history, traditional culture has been continuously improved and developed in people's lives and penetrated into all aspects of our lives, thus forming the moral cultivation of the nation. It enables people to form the moral concepts of patriotism and law-abiding, courtesy and honesty, unity and friendliness, diligence and self-improvement, and dedication. It plays a very important role in promoting the healthy development of society.

The second is to establish socialist core values. Vigorously cultivate and practice socialist core values, create a good social atmosphere and moral environment, flagrantly promote the truth, goodness and beauty, denounce the false, evil and ugly, set the right direction, clarify the fuzzy understanding, rectify the misbehavior, the formation of turbulence, suppressing the evil and good ideological and moral field of public opinion, to guide people to consciously do a good job as a builder of moral morality, and as a promoter of the progress of civilization in the society. [6] (Author's unit: Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology)

References:

[1]An Wei, "the elderly fall down help or not help nearly 50% of the netizens choose to? help? Sichuan Daily, March 5, 2014, p. 008

[2][3][4] Wang Lidong, The Essentials of Marxist Ethics, Yuelu Shusha, 2014

[5] Hu Jintao, Unswervingly Advancing Along the Road of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and Struggling to Build a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Aspects-? -Report at the 18th National Congress of the Chinese ****anufacturing Party, November 8, 2012

[6]Liu Yunshan, "Efforts to Cultivate and Practice Socialist Core Values," Seeking the truth, 02, 2014

Moral Dilemma Essay: a Brief Discussion of the Moral Dilemmas of the Modern Man and the Construction of Moral Civilization

Abstract: Boutique Learning has organized a social worker essay? Shallow discussion on the moral dilemma of modern people and the construction of moral civilization, welcome to read!

China is a country with a deep moral foundation, and before modern times, it was a state of etiquette recognized by the world. Moral culture is the most important and mature part of traditional Chinese culture. Ancient economy, politics, education, literature, art, philosophy and even religion were all marked by morality. However, under the impact of Western culture in modern times, with the disintegration of the traditional society and the decline of the whole feudal culture, the traditional moral culture has gradually declined and decayed. The traditional moral culture dominated by Confucianism has undergone an overall crisis in China. The traditional moral philosophy has been questioned and rejected by the people and can no longer provide people with universally valid values and moral beliefs; the traditional moral order has been increasingly challenged by new lifestyles and norms of interpersonal relationships; and the moral taboos formed over thousands of years have been increasingly broken and desecrated. Not only is it difficult for the traditional moral order to become the basis for people's behavior? Legitimacy? It is not only difficult for traditional moral law to become the basis of people's behavior, but also the rationality of its own existence seems to be in question.

The metamorphosis of traditional ethics and the emergence of modern ethics is a long and contradictory process. The May 4th Movement was a long and contradictory process. The historical task of opposing the old morality and advocating the new morality put forward by the people in the May Fourth Era will take quite a long time to accomplish. On the one hand, the old morality as an ideology will not die out immediately with the change of economic and political structure, even if the superficial moral order and moral norms have changed, and the moral unconsciousness which has been y accumulated in the deep psychological structure of the Chinese people will not die out. The moral unconscious (moral state of mind and habits) has been y embedded in the deep psychological structure of Chinese people. (moral mentality and habits) y embedded in the deep psychological structure of the Chinese people are difficult to be changed at once. On the other hand, the construction of new morality requires a long process. This is because the economic foundation and political system on which the new morality is to be developed will not be readily given by history. given by history. It needs to be reshaped through the process of modernization. More importantly, to be truly established, modern morality and ethical spirit should, like traditional morality, not only establish explicit moral relations, moral order and moral ideals, but also penetrate into people's deep psychological structure and internalize them into implicit moral mentality, moral beliefs and moral aesthetics. The essence of the present moral dilemma lies in the fact that, on the one hand, the traditional moral culture and ethical norms have been disintegrated, and on the other hand, the modern moral system and ethical principles have not yet been completely constructed; the traditional ethics are no longer able to provide Chinese people with the ultimate value and significance. Modern Chinese people are living in a period of historical transmutation between old and new morality, suffering from the conflict between old and new morality, and are caught in an unavoidable moral dilemma. This dilemma is mainly manifested in several aspects:

First, the dilemma of moral value. Moral value is the moral subject of their own behavior reasonableness, justice, noble understanding, is the people of noble moral behavior, excellent moral character, lofty moral ideals generated by the? Respect? , to the despicable behavior, vulgar quality, low-grade fun produced by the? Shame? In a society with a high degree of integration of moral values, people's understanding of what is honorable and what is disgraceful, what is good and what is evil, what is clean and what is dirty, what is beautiful and what is ugly, what is noble and what is vulgar, and so on, is self-evident or conventional. People are able to make judgments that conform to the generally accepted and recognized moral principles of the majority of the people without thinking about it. In the transitional era of moral transformation, people are influenced by double standards or multiple standards, and it seems that no matter what kind of standard has a certain degree of legitimacy. legitimacy. This situation makes today's moral evaluation become ambiguous and unsupported. People no longer believe that there is a universally valid and constant standard in moral evaluation, and often fall into the dilemma of self-contradiction.

Second, the dilemma of moral choice. Under the social evaluation system of double or multiple value standards, any kind of activity or phenomenon will be evaluated differently due to different value standards. And the evaluation failure will inevitably lead to the confusion of moral choice. Any choice can be supported by a culture of values, affirmed or praised by one value standard, and at the same time denied or ridiculed by another. Such conflicting choices permeate all levels of the social structure today, and their existence is often felt. For example, it is always difficult for people to find the most justified direction for their choice of occupation, marriage, interpersonal relationship, behavior and ideal personality. The imbalance of choices has led to a general loss of confidence and sincerity in the social roles that people assume. Cultural and moral choices seem to have become the "walled city" that Qian Zhongshu wrote about. Siege City?

Third, the proliferation of various kinds of amoralism. Non-moralism is a tendency to oppose any moral constraints, advocate laissez-faire, and treat the moral ideals and behavioral norms advocated by society with nihilism. The essence of amoralism is a combination of extreme individualism and decadence. In the midst of modern changes, the ethical spirit of the Chinese people is undergoing a historic transmutation, and people's traditional moral consciousness is relatively relaxed, so amoralism has begun to rise and flourish within a certain range. Social transgressions and misconduct occur from time to time, and are manifested in many aspects of moral life. For example, professional morality is loosened and the unhealthy trend in the industry is widespread, using power for personal gain and seeking profits with one's job; the phenomenon of forgetting the righteousness of profit and obtaining exorbitant profits with pits, hoodwinks, abductions and deceptions in commercial activities occurs from time to time; and the phenomenon of the third party phenomenon occurs in family marriages and cigarettes. The phenomenon of the third party? Sexual Freedom The phenomenon of sexual freedom, sexual harassment, and sexual harassment of women. Formal couples? The fact is that they are often tolerated to a certain extent.

Even many of the evil phenomena that had been extinguished in the new China have resurfaced and reemerged, bringing serious harm to social life and personal life.

Fourthly, the social and moral control mechanism is ineffective, and moral evaluation and public opinion supervision are weakened. In order to form a stable moral order in a society, create good social customs and maintain the healthy development of spiritual civilization, it is necessary to establish an effective moral control mechanism. The control of social morality requires, firstly, the supervision of public opinion and, secondly, the conscience of every member of society. Conscience? Self-discipline. Supervision of public opinion means to make a good moral orientation through the mass media, to promote new people, new things, new ideas and new ways of life with the values of the spirit of the times and civilization, to criticize and condemn non-moral behaviors that are not conducive to the stability and development of the society and impede the construction of modernization, to criticize the legacy of feudalism that is contrary to the spirit of the times and the values of modern civilization, and to criticize the moral nihilism that is corrupted and decadent. Self-discipline of conscience is the self-monitoring of the moral subject. It can purify one's personality and mind through self-reflection and self-evaluation, cultivate good moral qualities and ideal state, and thus regulate and control one's behavior to meet the needs of the society. However, as we are faced with the alternation of old and new moral values, the implementation of double value standards, and the lack of a unified and authoritative moral ideal will inevitably lead to confusion in the supervision of public opinion and the dilution of the moral conscience, so that the social morality control system will not be able to perform its functions. People who have made righteous sacrifices and dedication are not praised by society, while those who have made moral apologies do not feel humiliated and ashamed. This is another moral dilemma that the Chinese people can't get out of today.

Fifth, moral education is distorted. Moral qualities are the result of cultivation, not the a priori nature of human beings. Effective moral education is indispensable for human beings to develop a noble and beautiful personality. Moral education is to educate the members of the society on moral concepts, moral norms and moral ideals according to the moral values of the society in order to cultivate and form people's noble moral qualities and to influence people's moral activities. In traditional societies with a high degree of integration of moral values, family education, social education, school education and individual self-education are highly consistent in their moral goals, which ensures the success of traditional moral education. The problem we are facing now is that, due to the coexistence of dual value standards, the content of moral education often lacks consistency and stability, and sometimes the phenomenon of instilling into the educated people things that are in opposition to each other occurs. The great contrast between the ideality of moral education and the immorality of real life, as well as the influence of negative social trends, often make moral education a mere formality, and even encourage the rebelliousness of the educated and their rejection of and resistance to moral education. The lack of consistency in moral education and the contradiction between moral ideals and real life have seriously reduced the standard and influence of moral education.

The moral dilemma of modern Chinese people is hindering the orderly development of material and spiritual civilization in the 21st century. The intersection of old and new moral values has caused value disorders and confusion in the choice of morality, and people are unable to find a satisfactory solution for their own existence. The goodness of the 21st century's material and spiritual civilization. The construction of material and spiritual civilization in the 21st century cannot be achieved without a complete civilized body with inner vitality. They not only need to have modern knowledge and skills, but also need to have modern life style, modern moral mentality and modern personality ideals. It is necessary to get rid of the self-contradictory moral dilemma and rebuild a new type of moral civilization consistent with the goal of modernization.

The reconstruction of a modern moral and cultural system with Chinese characteristics and an ethical spirit reflecting the spirit of the times is the inevitable tendency of the moral choice faced by every modern Chinese. The fundamental starting point of this choice should be the grasp of the nature of the socio-historical stage and the theme of the times in which modern China is located. Modern China is in a period of historical transition from traditional society to modernization, and the historical theme of this period is all-round modernization. Therefore, our moral choices and the reconstruction of our moral culture and ethical spirit must always grasp this epochal theme and historical development trend, and establish the value goals of modernization. We must establish a moral culture and ethical spirit that meets the needs of modernization and promotes its development. The basic principles of this moral culture and ethical spirit should be: (1) the unity of the spirit of self-improvement and dedication and the spirit of striving to be virtuous; (2) the system of moral norms with patriotism as the core and collectivism as the basic value standard; (3) the promotion of competition in career and mutual understanding, support and tolerance in life; (4) the combination of respect for oneself, understanding of others, diversity of personal life and homogeneity of social group life; (5) the combination of the diversity of personal life and homogeneity of social group life; and (6) the combination of the diversity of personal life and social group life with respect for the self, understanding of others. (4) respect for self, understanding of others, the diversity of personal life and social group life; (5) the combination of external practical utilitarianism and internal moral fulfillment. These five principles are consistent with the modernization goals of commodity economy, democratic politics, open society, and comprehensive development of human beings, and also coincide with modern Chinese people's desire to get out of the moral dilemma.

To build the ethical spirit of Chinese moral culture, it is necessary to firmly grasp the modern value goal and serve the needs of modernization. In order to build a modern moral culture in China, the positive elements of traditional moral culture must be seriously cleaned up and critically inherited. We should take the essence of tradition and use it, but discard the dregs of tradition and abolish it. In the reconstruction of modern ethical spirit, we should focus on the inheritance and promotion of tradition. Under the guidance of modern values and ideals, let the traditional virtues serve the modern life, which is also one of the choices that traditional culture must make towards modernization.