How to integrate ancient elements in modern architecture

Abstract: Modern architecture should be said to be based on the deformation or renewal of traditional forms, the inevitable effect of which is that the building contains a deep cultural heritage. However, this is not the case with most modern buildings, which abandon the old cultural foundations of the past and adopt new world trends to compose the building itself, which produces only one result: that is, the integration of the world's cultures, the absence of their own millennia of cultural accumulation and creation of value, and what is necessary for our traditions have not been preserved. Therefore, in the face of this phenomenon, we should find the right way in the social environment and the architectural world, and we should learn a lot of things from the experience of our predecessors that can help modern architecture. Most of China's modern architecture is the product of the former multiculturalism, but there is no lack of some still have a lot of wonderful part is to absorb the essence of the Chinese ancient architecture and the form of the content, they are reflected in the appearance of the building, modeling, and space, planning and so on.

Keywords: architecture; design; ancient architecture; elements

China's architecture, especially in ancient China's ancient architecture in the traditional Chinese culture in the soil of growth, development, with distinctive characteristics of national culture. Most of the ancient Chinese people's way of thinking was influenced by the "I Ching", that put anything in the big background of the I Ching to recognize, you can find it regular things. In architecture, it is the same. For example, why ancient Chinese buildings preferred wooden structures to stone is not a technical problem, but a social and cultural phenomenon. "Gold, wood, water, fire, earth", "wood" symbolizes spring, green, life, used to build houses for the living; and "earth" is brick, stone. "This life to nothing, renewable", mostly used for the dead to build mausoleums, tombs, chambers. Bagua, yin and yang, five elements, feng shui and other ancient Chinese architecture have many influences. Thus, ancient Chinese architecture has a clear tolerance for "easy" sex.

I, the characteristics of ancient Chinese architecture

The characteristics of ancient Chinese architecture in the overall view of a variety of points, we first take a look at its construction.

Wooden structure as its main form of building structure, the reason we have talked about above, but only from a general feng shui point of view, ancient architecture using wood as the main building materials, its main purpose is to create a unique form of wood structure, as a skeleton, not only to achieve the actual functional requirements, but also to create a beautiful architectural form as well as the corresponding architectural style, which is the building materials. This is the building material. The second is the building structure form. Arch structure is the main form of building structure. With longitudinal and horizontal stacked short wood and bucket-shaped square wood stacked into the outwardly suspended arch, this is the transition between the columns and beams, but also gradually developed into the upper and lower levels of the column network or between the column network and the roof beams between the overall structure of the layer, which is the ancient Chinese wood structure construction of the ingenious form. The third and the most important point is the standardization of monolithic construction. In ancient China, any kind of building for any purpose was configured as a group by combining thousands of monolithic buildings. Regardless of the size of a single building, the appearance of the outline are by the base of the steps, the body, the roof of the three parts: the following is the base of the steps by the masonry, supporting the entire house; standing on the base of the steps is the body of the house, by the wooden columns for the skeleton, which installs windows and doors between the partitions; above the roof caused by the wooden structure of the roof, the roof is made of a soft and elegant curves around the body of the roof is extended beyond the top covered with green gray tiles or glazed tile.

The influence on architecture in China's cultural accumulation in previous years was also considerable. First, a true theory of architecture did not exist. The emergence of architecture as a discipline is a recent affair. What guided the development of architecture were abstract philosophical theories, agreed-upon moral norms and concrete political systems. This is two very different concepts from modern architecture. In ancient times, the Confucian tradition of etiquette was the main idea guiding the creation of architecture, supplemented by metaphysics and geomancy.

Second, in modern architecture into the ancient elements

Most people think that the tradition has gone, modern things inside almost no traditional elements. If you think so, you are wrong. Because the feudal system ruled the people for thousands of years, so the ancient Chinese people's values, lifestyle has not changed much, for the requirements of the building can not have too much change. That is why some people say that ancient Chinese architecture was the same for thousands of years and a thousand times the same. But we have to pay attention to the fact that when evaluating the remains of ancient times, they should not be simply and absolutely praised or depreciated. They have been developed over thousands and hundreds of years, and should be judged in a specific historical context. As a result of different perspectives, there are some people who believe that the ancient Chinese architecture continues to be long-lasting and extremely vital.

First of all, ancient China is a feudal system of the country, Confucianism and religious system for a long time to rule people's thinking, then this results in the inevitable result is to be the supremacy of the emperor, hierarchical. Therefore, the ancient architects built the building is almost always to this premise, then the building is very obvious infiltration of these aspects of the meaning of: the use of the environment rendered different moods and atmospheres, so that people from which a variety of aesthetic sensations; and then the provisions of the different levels of architecture, including volume, color, style, decoration, etc., to express the social system and architectural content; while also trying to use many figurative Subsidiary art, until the plaque, the inscription of the text, to reveal, explain the character and content of the building. Important buildings, such as palaces, altars, temples, temples, etc., there are specific symbolic themes. For example, the first emperor of Qin created Xianyang, the palace symbolizes the Ziwei, WeiShui symbolizes the TianHan, ShangLinYuan dug pool symbolizes the East China Sea PengLai. Kangxi, Qianlong Qing Dynasty to create the Yuanmingyuan, summer resort and Chengde outside the eight temples, simulating the national important buildings and attractions, symbolizing the unity of the universe. The Mingtang is rounded above and below, with five chambers and twelve halls, symbolizing all things in heaven and earth. The composition of some of the Sasa Temple symbolizes the world of Buddha on Mount Sumeru. These all show that traditional architecture attaches importance to the character and symbolism of the building. In fact, although these characteristics are not clearly visible in today's architecture, they are still more or less partially influenced. There are many distinctive examples, such as most government office buildings nowadays, whose vestibules, materials used in the facade, and internal decorations all display the characteristics of nobility and power. The use of large areas of alabaster and marble, three had a high Roman or Gothic column structure of the gate, and with the surrounding magnificent and noble trees, etc. are the building to the outside world to show their own characteristics. Only the overall form of the building has been globally integrated. However, the fundamental meaning is still the same as the previous architectural features and positions. Part of the reason may be because modern buildings are much taller than ancient buildings in terms of storey height, which makes them look so overbearing, but I think the main reason is still the influence of traditional thinking on architects.

On the other hand, nostalgia is inherent in human beings, so for some buildings, people still need to see the obvious shadow of traditional architecture in them. We do not care whether this kind of building has a good or bad influence on the architectural culture. We only need to see that this phenomenon is still real. Their appearance reflects people's awareness of tradition, only in the conditions of incomplete understanding of these classical elements imposed on modern architecture, and the emergence of a trend that now prevails in the entire architectural world. Adding a tiled roof over certain windows, building roof ridges on certain roofs and filling in the tops, and so on. These are the specific products of people's innate nostalgia, and the result is unthinking, monstrous fruit. But this is also a cultural tendency, a cultural process, or social environment under the development of the necessary course, but we must look at them with the right eyes.