China's great achievements.

1, physics score; Warring States: Great achievements in physics. Mo Jing has a lot of physical knowledge, including the description of lever principle and buoyancy theory, as well as acoustic and optical records. About the relationship between light and shadow, pinhole imaging, etc. , written in a systematic way, is called "Eight Light Articles of Mohist Classics" by modern scientists.

2. China ancient scientific and technological achievements and medical achievements:

(1) Pre-Qin period: Bian Que was the most famous doctor in the Warring States period. Later generations regarded him as a "master of pulse science". He used four diagnoses: seeing, hearing, asking and cutting, and diagnosed the condition from the pulse condition. Pulse-taking is Bian Que's main achievement. Four diagnostic methods have become the traditional diagnostic methods of Chinese medicine, which have been used by Chinese medicine for more than two thousand years.

(2) During the Han Dynasty:

Huangdi Neijing, written in the Warring States and compiled in the Western Han Dynasty, is an important medical document in early China. It laid the theoretical foundation of traditional Chinese medicine.

(2) Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica in the Eastern Han Dynasty is the first complete pharmacological work in China.

③ Hua Tuo, a famous doctor at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was good at surgery and was known as the "imperial doctor". Mafeisan was invented earlier than the west 1600 years ago.

④ Zhang Zhongjing, a famous doctor at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was called a "medical sage", and his masterpiece Treatise on Febrile Diseases was an important classic of Chinese medicine in later generations.

(3) Sui and Tang Dynasties:

(1) Qian Jin Fang, written by Sun Simiao, an outstanding medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty, comprehensively summarized the medical achievements of the past dynasties and at that time, and had many original opinions, which occupied an important position in the medical history of China.

② The Four Medical Codes compiled by Yuan Dan Gongbu, a famous Tibetan doctor, have important influence at home and abroad.

(3) Tang Materia Medica, which was compiled in Tang Gaozong period, was the earliest national pharmacopoeia published in the world.

(4) Ming and Qing Dynasties: In the Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica recorded 1800 kinds of drugs and 10000 kinds of prescriptions, which comprehensively summarized China's medicine before16th century, and was known as the "Grand Ceremony of Oriental Medicine". Li Shizhen attaches great importance to field investigation and experimental observation, and pays attention to the application of comparative methods, which has high scientific value in understanding and summarizing drugs.

The classification of drugs in Compendium of Materia Medica embodies the viewpoint that biological evolution is from low level to high level. Li Shizhen also put forward the view that "birds are born in forests, so their feathers are like leaves", which reflected his new understanding of animals' adaptation to the environment, related variation and genetic characteristics.

3. Achievements of ancient science, technology and geography in China.

(1) Northern and Southern Dynasties:

Pei Xiu was an outstanding cartographer in ancient China during the Western Jin Dynasty. Draw a map of Gong Yu area, and put forward the principles of drawing a map.

(2) The Notes on Water Classics by Li Daoyuan, a geographer in the Northern Wei Dynasty, is a comprehensive geographical work with high historical, geographical and literary value. Through the annotation of the ancient book Notes on Water Classics, the physical geography and economic geography of waterway flow areas are comprehensively and systematically introduced.

(2) Ming and Qing Dynasties: The observation and description of limestone karst landform in Xu Xiake's travel notes in Ming Dynasty was about two centuries earlier than that in Europe. It also recorded some geographical discoveries and corrected some mistakes in previous geographical works.

Extended data:

Scientific and Technological Achievements and Architectural Achievements in Ancient China

1. Pre-Qin period: The capital of Xia, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties was the political and transportation center of the whole country, with gates for residents to enter and leave, and the streets in the city were neat and wide.

2. Sui and Tang Dynasties: Sui and Tang Dynasties were the mature period of ancient Chinese architecture and made brilliant achievements.

(1) Yuwen Kai, a famous architect in Sui Dynasty, presided over the construction of Daxing City, which was expanded into Chang 'an City in Tang Dynasty. The political system of Chang 'an City was designed reasonably, and the building scale was grand, which reflected the superb technology of urban architecture at that time.

(2) Yu Wenkai's design method of combining drawings and models is a major breakthrough in China's architectural technology. (3) Zhao Zhouqiao, designed and built by Li Chun, a craftsman of Sui Dynasty, is the earliest open-shouldered stone arch bridge in the world and occupies an important position in the history of bridges in the world.

3. Song and Yuan Dynasties:

(1) The Architectural Style written by Li Jie at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty is an outstanding work in the architectural history of China.

② Dule Temple in Jixian County, Hebei Province and Wooden Pagoda in Yingxian County, Shanxi Province in Liao Dynasty are famous ancient wooden structures in China.

The Lugou Bridge in Jin Dynasty is famous at home and abroad.

(4) The buildings in Yuan Dynasty were magnificent, and there was a complete drainage system in the city.

4. Ming and Qing Dynasties: Emperor Chengzu of Ming Dynasty had Beijing built on the basis of Yuan Dynasty. Among about 800,000 skilled craftsmen, Kuai Xiang, the most famous carpenter, is called "Kuailuban". The city of Beijing is triple, with an imperial city outside the palace and a capital city outside the imperial city. Miyagi is also known as the Forbidden City. The main buildings in Beijing are arranged on the central axis, the central government office building is concentrated in the south of Beijing, and the bell tower and drum tower are located in the north of Beijing. Miyagi's yellow glazed tiles with red walls fully reflect the majesty of feudal emperors.