Blending —— How to make up for the lack of China brand courses?

At the global conference of Great Wall lemon hybrid DHT, Fu, honorary chairman of China Automotive Engineering Society, and committee of 100, vice chairman of China Electric Vehicle, both mentioned one point: "It's too late to mix now."

There are two reasons for being late.

First, most scholars believe that hybrid technology is only a transitional technology, and the future will be either pure electricity or hydrogen energy. Instead of spending so much energy on transition technology, it is better to do it directly.

However, Dong Yang mentioned at the press conference that when he inspected the hybrid power of Toyota and Nissan, he found that the hybrid power is either a transitional technology or a more efficient power system-"I asked engineers from Nissan and Toyota to extract the general characteristic diagram of the hybrid power system, and I found that the characteristic diagram is perfect, and the engine and motor are completely complementary in characteristics."

▲ In the face of different working conditions, the hybrid power system can balance the advantages and disadvantages of the engine and the motor for power distribution, thus achieving better fuel-saving effect than conventional vehicles. The picture shows the general characteristic curve of lemon mixed DHT under various working conditions.

The second is worried that the whole market will fall into the hands of the Japanese. At present, only three Japanese car companies, THS of Toyota, i-MMD of Honda and e-POWER of Nissan, are determined to take the hybrid route. Once the market takes hybrid as the main technical route, it will undoubtedly become a Japanese world.

However, it doesn't mean that we can't see it and it won't develop.

Toyota began to promote hybrid vehicles to the global market from 1997. From 1997 to 20 13, the cumulative sales of Toyota hybrid vehicles reached 5 million for the first time. This is 5 million, and Toyota has used it for 26 years. Four years later, the cumulative sales volume of Toyota hybrid reached 6.5438+million, and in another three years, the cumulative sales volume of Toyota hybrid exceeded 6.5438+0.5 million.

In 26 years →4 years →3 years, Toyota Hybrid's global sales are like snowballing, rolling faster and bigger!

The scholar who realized that he was late decided to be radical.

Version 2.0 of the technical roadmap for energy-saving and new energy vehicles issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology clearly states that hybrid vehicles will account for 50% of traditional vehicles in 2025, 75% in 2030 and 100% in 2035. This means that China's automobile market will be fully electrified after 15.

This goal is consistent with Japan.

Previously, Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry was considering stopping selling new gasoline vehicles in Japan in the mid-1930s, and only selling electric vehicles such as HEV and EV. At present, about 40% of new car sales in Japan are pure electric and hybrid. 1 1 month, the sales volume of new energy passenger cars in China market accounts for about 8% of the total sales volume of passenger cars, and does not exceed 10% when HEV is included.

Such a goal, for independent brands, Alexander! At the Guangzhou Auto Show, the first A-class international auto show after the announcement of the technology roadmap 2.0, I visited all the booths of independent brands to find their coping strategies in the field of mixing. However, few China brands can show hybrid-related technologies, and more talk about pure electric and PHEV.

▲ The average fuel consumption of passenger cars will reach 5L/ 100km in 2020, but this goal has been shattered. Now the fuel consumption of passenger cars is still above 6L/ 100km. If there is no mixing, the so-called carbon neutrality is far away.

02

Many people may wonder: "If you can do PHEV well, you can't do HEV well?" Not necessarily!

Yes, according to the complexity of technology, PHEV is indeed more difficult than HEV technology, because its battery is larger and externally charged. This can be seen from the price. The starting price of Lei Ling hybrid is 654.38+033.8 thousand, but the top match is 654.38+052.8 thousand, while the starting price of Lei Ling E+ is 203.8 thousand, which is very expensive.

However, PHEV has a shortcut. One of the difficulties of hybrid power technology is how to reasonably couple the power output by the engine and the motor together and plug in the coupled HEV, which becomes PHEV. However, many independent brands directly skip the step of coupling and add a large battery to the traditional internal combustion engine to become PHEV.

▲ lemon hybrid DHT has three sets of powertrains, which can realize HEV and PHEV, among which HEV has "1.5L? +DHT 100 "and" 1.5T "? +DHT 130 ",PHEV has" 1.5T? +DHT 130+P4 "four-wheel drive powertrain.

Before the introduction of DHT, the Great Wall took the latter route. At the 20 17 Frankfurt Motor Show, WEY launched a car called? P8？ Plug-in hybrid vehicle. It adopts the form that the engine drives the front axle and the motor drives the rear axle, thus achieving the purpose of PHEV.

PHEV like "EV+HEV" does have a threshold, because it must be "mixed" first. "PHEV" such as "EV+ internal combustion engine" (let's put double quotation marks here) has no threshold, but two sets of power systems are superimposed together, which is slightly expensive.

Poorly mixed "PHEV" is far inferior to the well mixed "PHEV" in fuel saving effect and use experience.

The following table shows the actual fuel consumption level of PHEV, a self-owned brand. Based on the formula of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the comprehensive fuel consumption of PHEV for 100 kilometers is calculated. The results show that, except Chuanqi and BYD, the fuel saving effect of other PHEV is not as good as that of Toyota Lei Ling E+. They save fuel, not because of mixing, but because of the energy recovery of the motor.

Not only is it not economical enough, but the other three characteristics of HEV-fast, quiet and smooth, "PHEV" can't give you. Because it is still a traditional fuel vehicle in theory, the engine cannot always work in the most efficient range, and the gearbox always hesitates to shift gears. Plus 100 kg battery, the driving experience will definitely be greatly reduced.

This is why "PHEV" was vomited by so many people: "A dragon with electricity, a worm without electricity."

Such "PHEV" is naturally unpopular in the market. Even with the green card policy, the sales of plug-in hybrid vehicles are still losing ground. After the sales volume of PHEV reached its peak in 20 18, it began to decline in 20 19, with a decrease of 1 1.3%. At that time, the sales volume of new energy market in China only decreased by 1.3% year-on-year.

Without much policy assistance, HEV shows an irresistible trend, achieving a three-year steady growth from 20 17 to 2019-170,000 vehicles? In the first ten months of this year, the sales volume of HEV has reached 262,000, and the annual sales volume has reached 450,000.

03

Obviously, if independent brands want to catch up on the mixed road, they should not only do a good job in PHEV, but also do a good job in HEV first. Without a hybrid car, a good PHEV can't be made naturally. A good hybrid HEV focuses on two components, one is an engine with high thermal efficiency and the other is an electromechanical coupling system.

There is no shortage of independent brands for engines with high thermal efficiency. Some time ago, a very important keyword in the automobile industry was thermal efficiency. At present, engines with the highest thermal efficiency exceeding 40% abound in independent brands, including GAC, Changan and Geely, Great Wall and Dongfeng.

Engines with a thermal efficiency of over 40% have already reached the top level in the industry. What's the trend of Toyota? Force? The thermal efficiency of 2.5 is only 4 1%, and that of Honda Earth Dream 2.0L is only 40.6%. At present, Mazda SKYACTIV-X engine has the highest thermal efficiency. 2.0 is only 43%.

There is nothing wrong with the engine, so the problem lies in the electromechanical coupling system.

Electromechanical coupling system, to put it bluntly, is the power distribution system of hybrid electric vehicles. Hybrid electric vehicle is driven by internal combustion engine and motor. Electromechanical coupling system is a component that mixes the two kinds of power and distributes the power according to different working conditions. It is the central nervous system of a hybrid vehicle. Without it, the hybrid car would be paralyzed.

At present, there are not many car companies that master and mass-produce this system. In addition to those Japanese car companies, China brands include GAC and SAIC-the electromechanical coupling system of the former is called G-MC, and the latter is called EDU. Although GAC and SAIC have mastered this technology, their level is not high, and they can only use it as the core component of PHEV models, and they have not launched the corresponding HEV models.

Ke Ling 0 1 once introduced an HEV model based on P2.5 architecture. The price of the car is not high, only 182800, but the effect seems to be not very good, and there is no sound at present.

The core component of "lemon hybrid DHT"-highly integrated hybrid DHT transmission.

Since the world premiere of 5438+05 in June, the reason why lemon hybrid DHT has been in the state of being screened is because its level has caught up with some Japanese hybrid systems. For example, the comprehensive efficiency of its power system has reached more than 50%, and the comprehensive fuel consumption of a-class SUV powered by HEV is as low as 4.6L/ 100km. This fuel consumption level is comparable to that of Toyota Wilanda twin engines.

Not only did it catch up with the Japanese leader in energy consumption, but the lemon hybrid DHT of the Great Wall was even slightly better in experience. For example, the official mentioned that DHT can follow the foot at full speed, that is, it still has the ability of rapid acceleration under medium and high speed road conditions. The hybrid between Toyota and Honda is actually impossible. For example, it's boring if the speed of Ralink engine exceeds 80.

Lemon hybrid DHT adopts dual-motor series-parallel topology, and prefers Honda i-MMD.

Of course, whether DHT can be called a Japanese hybrid depends on the product. But in any case, it is not easy for the Great Wall to enter the hybrid field as an industry leader. He is telling us with practical actions that as long as he is willing to pay, there is no insurmountable technical barrier.

04

It's not too late for China brand to make up lessons. Although technically speaking, there is still a generational gap between us and the Japanese boss-everyone else has developed to the third and fourth generations, and we don't even have a car yet. But now the market penetration rate of hybrid vehicles is less than 1%. For many consumers, hybrid power is still a new thing.

At this stage, independent brands should avoid creating "negative assets", that is, giving consumers some mixed products, which will eventually lead to poor market reputation. The future automobile market is either pure electric or hybrid. If you make a bad reputation on the hybrid, it is equivalent to the reputation of the early Volkswagen that broke the dual-clutch gearbox and can't get it back.

At present, car companies without hybrid technology can actually make two preparations-at the same time, cooperate with Toyota and adopt their hybrid system; On the other hand, we should pay close attention to developing our own hybrid system to ensure that our "destiny" is not in the hands of others. At present, both GAC and Geely have adopted this strategy.

It is not too much to emphasize the importance of hybrid now and invest in hybrid research and development. In the next 50 years, the vitality of the internal combustion engine will remain the same, but in these 50 years, the internal combustion engine will inevitably produce a hybrid system.

In other words, car companies that master hybrids in the future are eligible to enter the competition.

I won't take out the industry data. You only need to do a casual search in Google, and you will find that many industry leaders still express their expectations for internal combustion engines.

Words? |? Nobita

This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.