Excuse me, what is the musical instrument in this MV?

It should be a three-dimensional line.

Sanweixian (Japanese: Sanweixian) is a Japanese stringed instrument.

origin

It is generally believed that Sanxian originated in China and was formed around15th century. China's traditional musical instrument Sanxian passed through Ryukyu Kingdom (now Okinawa), resulting in the early Okinawa Sanxian, which was later spread to Japan and gradually formed. The early Okinawa Third Line, later influenced by the local Sanwei Line, was improved to the present Okinawa Third Line.

Note: In the traditional Japanese music circle, "Sanwei Line" is directly called "Three Roots", and China's national musical instrument "Sanxian" is directly transliterated as "Sanxian". But in Chinese, because only using Chinese characters will confuse the two, Japanese national musical instruments are generally called "Sanwei Line".

structure

Basically, it can be divided into three parts: "God" (the part where the strings are wound), "Qin rod" and "Qin body".

Piano pole: made of wood. Use high-grade mahogany and rosewood produced in India, and low-priced wood such as "rosewood" produced in South Asia and Southeast Asia. For the convenience of carrying, it is generally composed of three pieces, which are called "upper pole", "middle pole" and "lower pole" respectively. On the other hand, a piano pole that cannot be divided into three parts is called a "long pole". Because the piano is smooth, unlike other stringed instruments such as guitar, it is very important to cultivate the grip of the left hand when entering the class (called "station measuring").

Piano body: square, with cat skin or dog skin on the front and back. The traditional method uses a whole cat skin, so symmetrical black spots can be seen on the surface of the three-flavor line, which is actually the trace of the cat's abdominal nipple. Because the cat skin is hard to find at a high price, it is also made of the skin of the dog's back, but the black spots on the surface of the dog skin three-flavor line are deliberately painted and become decorations.

Silk thread is usually used, but nylon material is also useful. The number is three, which are called "the first string", "the second string" and "the third string" from coarse to fine respectively.

You need a plectrum when playing. The dial is in the shape of ginkgo leaf, made of low-grade plastic and high-grade ivory. The specific size and shape vary according to the genre, music and the habits of the players.

kind

According to the shape and size, it can be divided into three categories: thin rod, medium rod and thick rod. As the name implies, the thick rod is the largest and the thin rod is the smallest. According to genre, it can be divided into the following categories:

☆ Long song Sanwei Line: Thin poles and ivory plectrums are used for kabuki music.

☆ Yitaifu Sanwei Line: Wipe the glass with a thick pole and a big, thick fork.

☆ Always keep the Sanwei line: use the middle pole.

☆ Qingyuan Sanwei Line: Use the middle pole.

Digo Sanwei Line: The middle pole is used, because there are many high-pitched parts, and the connecting part between the pole and the body is different from other Sanwei lines. Dial with "Jinshan".

☆ Tianjin-Optical 3D Line. Tsutsuga originated in northern Japan and used thick sticks for Tsutsuga folk songs.

other

Perform an instrumental performance

Posture: The basic posture is that the piano body leans against the right thigh, the left hand presses the strings, and the right hand taps with the plectrum. Traditionally, players are generally "sitting", that is, kneeling posture with hips sitting on heels. Now I often sit directly in ordinary chairs.

Skills: basic skills, the left hand should press the string, pluck the string and soften the string; The right hand has a dial, a hook, a reverse dial, etc. For example, in the performance of Tianjin Light Sanwei Line, the right hand plucked the strings with great strength, and some even joked that "Tianjin Light Sanwei Line is not a stringed instrument, but a percussion instrument."

Tune a stringed instrument

The basic tuning methods commonly used for three-dimensional lines are as follows

This tune: the second string is 4 degrees higher than the first string, and the third string is 8 degrees higher than the first string. For example, from one to three, it is C, F, C F, C.

"Second tune": On the basis of "this tune", the second chord is raised by one degree and the third chord remains unchanged. For example, from one to three, it is C, G, C G, C.

"Three times": that is, on the basis of "this tune", the third string is lowered by one degree and the second string remains unchanged. For example, from one to three, it is C, F and BB.

The actual pitch can be different according to the player and the music, but the most commonly used "this key" generally adopts D, G, D G and D. Some music will change the tuning mode in the middle, and the player needs to make temporary adjustments, such as changing from "this key" to "the second key". Moreover, in the performance, the strings are easy to loosen and the pitch is inaccurate, which also needs to be adjusted in time. This is why it is often seen that the player can adjust the strings in the performance of Sanwei Line.

works

In Japanese traditional music, many genres of works have been preserved to this day and developed into various forms. There are also many new folk musicians (such as the Yoshida brothers) who have created many modern songs.

Okinawa third line

The Sanwei Line in Okinawa is called "Sanxian" (Japanese: Sanxin), which is widely spread in Okinawa islands. The piano body is very small in Japan, painted with ebony and Indonesian snakeskin, and played with a small pick made of buffalo horn.

Reference link: Hara Kazuo? とのページ (Japanese) /frame.htm