Buyi Folk Songs

Buyi Folk SongsThe Buyi are a large ethnic minority in southwestern China, mainly residing in the Buyi Miao Autonomous Prefectures of Qiannan and Qianxinan in Guizhou Province, as well as in parts of Guizhou, Yunnan and Sichuan. In the past, it did not have its own national script and always used the Chinese language. In 1956, the Chinese government created the Latin alphabetized Pinyin script for the Buyi. The culture and art of the Buyi are rich and colorful, and their folk songs are particularly distinctive, including ancient songs, narrative songs, love songs, wine songs and labor songs, etc.; there are solo, duet, chorus and repetitive singing; and there are tunes of "major" and "minor". Whenever a festival is celebrated, the songs are sung day and night.

The Buyei people love to sing, and the tunes of the folk songs vary from place to place. The same area of the folk songs, but also due to the content of the lyrics, singing occasions and singing different ways and different tunes, showing a hundred flowers, each with its own characteristics.

The major and minor tunes: mainly popular in the northern bank of the Hongshui River in Guizhou Zhuangheng, Wangmu, Luodian and other counties of the Buyei area. The major tunes are more widely used, including narrative, toast, welcoming guests to send guests, appealing to reasoning, etc., and sometimes also used for love songs; the major tunes are generally only five degrees of the range, and thus steady and quiet. The minor key mainly sings love songs, the tone is more developed, the range also extends to the octave, thus cheerful and enthusiastic, with the wind of the mountain songs, singers often use falsetto in the treble and the end of the singing method, a special interest. Because of the different popular areas, the tunes are often different.

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The big song and the small song: mainly popular in Qiannan Libo, Dushan and Sandu Zhou Qin area, is the Buyei folk song with multi-voice structure of the two forms of singing. The main difference is that the big song has a song head and a song tail to pay tribute to friends and relatives, with four or six lines; the small song has only a song tail without a song head, usually with only four lines. Big songs are sung in public, the content is more serious, mostly used for drinking songs, narrative songs, or to welcome the guests, blessings and celebrations, etc., the song structure is larger and longer, so it is called "big songs". Songs are mostly sung by young men and women in pairs when they talk about love, the song structure is relatively short, so it is called "small songs". The big song, the small song are three degrees of two intervals continuously overlap the use of.

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Ming Song and Tu Song: This is the collective name of the Buyi people in the suburbs of Guiyang for the Buyi folk songs sung in Chinese and in the national language. The "Ming songs" are sung in Chinese, and according to the content of the lyrics, they are divided into two categories: "Pai Gao" and "Tai Gao", and according to the characteristics of the tunes, they are divided into "Siping Cavity", "Sanping Cavity", and "Sanyi Cavity". According to the characteristics of the tunes, they can be divided into three categories: "Siping accent", "Three drops of water" and "Wine song tune". The "earth song" refers to the Buyei language singing, according to the lyrics of the Buyei language tone line cavity, words long tone short, words short tone less, song cavity more than thirty beat, less sixteen or seven beat, depending on the lyrics of more or less telescope, no fixed, mostly used to sing the traditional ancient song.

Huishui Mountain Song: commonly known as "good flowers red" tune, popular in the south of Qianzhong Huishui, Changshun, Guiyang, Longli, Guiding and other counties (cities) Buyei area, basically sums up the Buyei folk songs in this area of the tone style. The tunes are in the four-tone plummet mode, with an octave of active range; they are tortuous and slow. The lyrics are generally in seven lines and eight lines, with metaphorical techniques to see things and generate feelings, inherent innuendo, deep meaning, vivid and lively, euphemistic and melodious, which are quite popular and widely circulated. In recent years, musicians have used its tunes as materials, adapted or created into chorus, dance music, acrobatic music, film and television music, etc., quite popular with the masses.

Pan Song: The traditional folk song of the Buyi people is a song that borrows the form of singing to interrogate each other about something. Young people can use the form of disc song to understand each other's situation, such as asking each other's name, live in what village and other situations. The old man sings the plate song, more in the celebration of the occasion, with the plate song question and answer each other, show the singers to adapt to the talent. Plate song wide range, astronomy, geography, mountains, rivers, grass and trees, etc., can do the content of the plate song. In addition, singing riddles is also a form of pan song.

The twelve parts of the song: one of the Buyei love songs, popular in Guizhou Province Wangdao, Luodian, the book Ting and other counties. A group of people love songs into a systematic program, in the marriage and set up a new house, the master invited them to sing, generally the pair of songs on each side of the two sides are two people. The female singer sits in the bride's room, and the male singer sits in the hall by the fire and sings across the board wall. The content is the usual process of young men and women talking about love for twelve questions and answers to describe in detail. Sung by the twelve antiphonal songs for; ask to (preface song), ask the same between minus (ask), ask the pastry (mutual praise), ask the chemical ask the horse "sing twelve seasons of flowers and fruits), ask to send a letter (to send a letter), ask to change the letter (exchange letters), ask to leave (respectively), ask the fluffy (meet), ask to set (anti-marriage), ask to test the double (lawsuit), ask to transfer (about to escape from the marriage), ask to ask the change (the divorce to escape from the marriage were unsuccessful, the two sides agreed to martyrdom, and into the colorful butterflies flying). (the colorful butterflies fly together). Twelve parts of the song, imaginative, singing the words of the heartstrings, can be sung for seven or eight days in a row, is the main form of entertainment in Luodian, Wang mode, Ban Ting and other counties Buyi, quite common.

In addition, in the area of Zhenning and Guanling in Guizhou, the area of Zhenfeng and Anlong in Guizhou, the area of Anshun and Pingba in Guizhou, as well as Luoping in Yunnan and Ningnan in Sichuan, there are different folk song tunes, which are also unique.